{
  "Calculus for Engineers": {
    "code": "MAL 103",
    "title": "Calculus for Engineers",
    "outcomes": [
      "To analyze the nature (convergence or divergence) of a sequence or series.",
      "To apply mean value theorems in the study of motion of an object.",
      "To use integration in the calculation of area, volume, mass, and centre of gravity.",
      "To apply multivariable calculus to study the nature of multivariable functions.",
      "To exploit vector calculus in engineering problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sequences of Real Numbers",
        "content": "Infinite Series, Ratio Test, Root Test"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Limits of Single Variable Functions",
        "content": "Continuity of Single Variable Functions, Differentiability of Single Variable Functions, Rolle's Theorem, Lagrange's Mean Value Theorem, Cauchy's Mean Value Theorem, Taylor's Theorem with Remainders, Indeterminate Forms, Curvature, Curve Tracing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus",
        "content": "Mean Value Theorems of Integral Calculus, Evaluation of Definite Integrals, Area using Integration, Length of Curves, Volume of Solids of Revolution, Surface Area of Solids of Revolution, Improper Integrals, Beta Functions, Gamma Functions, Differentiation Under Integral Sign"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Limits of Functions of Several Variables",
        "content": "Continuity of Functions of Several Variables, Differentiability of Functions of Several Variables, Partial Derivatives, Geometrical Interpretation of Partial Derivatives, Tangent Plane, Normal Line, Total Differentiation, Chain Rules, Taylor's Formula for Several Variables, Maxima and Minima of Several Variables, Lagrange's Method of Undetermined Multipliers, Double Integrals, Triple Integrals, Jacobian, Change of Order of Integration, Change of Variables in Integration, Application of Integration to Area, Application of Integration to Volume, Application of Integration to Mass, Application of Integration to Centre of Gravity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Scalar Fields",
        "content": "Vector Fields, Gradient of Scalar Point Function, Directional Derivatives, Divergence of Vector Point Function, Curl of Vector Point Function, Solenoidal Motion, Irrotational Motion, Line Integrals, Surface Integrals, Volume Integrals, Green's Theorem, Stoke's Theorem, Gauss Divergence Theorem"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Huges-Hallett et al., Calculus: Single and Multi Variable, John-Wiley & Sons (USA), 3rd edition, 2003.",
      "George B.Thomas, D.Weir and J.Hass, Thomas Calculus, Pearson, 12th edition 2010.",
      "J. Stewart, Calculus, Thomson, 5th Edition, 2003 (Indian Edition)."
    ],
    "references": [
      "John Bird, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Elsevier Limited, 5th Edition, 2006."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Elements of Electrical Engineering": {
    "code": "BEL 102",
    "title": "Elements of Electrical Engineering",
    "outcomes": [
      "To enable the students understand the basic ideas and principles of Electrical Engineering.",
      "To impart knowledge for understanding the details of electrical power systems, transformers, generators, motors etc."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Electrical Resistance",
        "content": "Electrical Inductance, Electrical Capacitance, Kirchhoff's Current Law, Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, Voltage Source Definition, Characteristics of Practical Voltage Source, Equivalent Current Source, Star-Delta Transformation, Magnetic Circuit, Magnetic Flux, Magnetomotive Force (MMF), Magnetic Reluctance, Analogy between Electric and Magnetic Circuits, Simple Calculations for Composite Magnetic Circuits"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Periodic Function in AC Circuits",
        "content": "Average Value of AC Signals, RMS Value of AC Signals, Steady State Behaviour With Sinusoidal Excitation, Phasor Representation, Inductive & Capacitive Reactance, Circuit Impedance, Series AC Circuit, Parallel AC Circuit, Power Factor, Principle of Generation of Single Phase Voltage, Principle of Generation of Three Phase Voltage, Power in Balanced Three Phase AC System"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Definition of Electrical Measurements",
        "content": "Indicating Instruments, Integrating Instruments, Recording Instruments, Deflecting Mechanisms, Controlling Mechanisms, Damping Mechanisms, Ammeters, Voltmeters, P.M.M.C. Type Instruments, Moving Iron Type Instruments, Electrodynamometer Type Wattmeters, Induction Type Single Phase Energy Meter"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Transformer Introduction",
        "content": "Transformer Basic Principles, Transformer Construction, Phasor Diagram for Transformer under No Load Condition, Transformer On Load, Balance of MMF on Transformer Sides, Transformer Phasor Diagram on Load, Transformer Equivalent Circuit, Transformer Open Circuit Test, Transformer Short Circuit Test, Transformer Voltage Regulation, Transformer Efficiency"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Power Systems Elementary Idea",
        "content": "Power Generation, Power Transmission, Power Distribution, DC Shunt Motor Construction, DC Series Motor Construction, DC Motor Working Principle, DC Motor Characteristics, DC Motor Speed Control, DC Motor Applications, Induction Motor Construction, Working Principle of Single Phase Induction Motor, Working Principle of 3-Phase Induction Motor, Induction Motor Torque Slip Characteristics"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Hughes, Electrical Technology, Pearson Publishers",
      "Theraja B.L., Electrical Technology, S. Chand Publishers"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Kothari D.P. and Nagrath I.J., Theory And Problems Of Basic Electrical Engineering, Prentice Hall India",
      "Kulshresta D.C., Basic Electrical Engineering, TMH India",
      "Mittle and Mittal, Basic Electrical Engineering, TMH, 2005"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Applied Sciences": {
    "code": "ASL 101",
    "title": "Applied Sciences",
    "outcomes": [
      "To recall the fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics that will serve as a foundation to quantum properties of materials.",
      "To relate different theories of electron conduction and solve related problems.",
      "To identify the relationship between material structure, processing and properties of Modern Engineering Materials.",
      "To relate the concept of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology with real word application along with MEMS and NEMS.",
      "To distinguish between classical computer and quantum computer."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction of Quantum Mechanics",
        "content": "Failure of Classical Mechanics, Black Body Radiation, Photoelectric Effect, Compton Effect, Dual Nature of Matter, de-Broglie Hypothesis, Phase Velocity, Group Velocity, Phase and Group Velocity Relations, Wave Function, Physical Significance of Wave Function, Probability Density, Schrodinger's Wave Equation, Eigen Values, Eigen Functions, Quantum Mechanics Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Drude-Lorentz Theory",
        "content": "Drift Velocity, Relaxation Time, Mean Collision Time, Mean Free Path, Electrical Conductivity, Quantum Free Electron Theory, Density of Energy States, Fermi Energy, Thermionic Emission"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Crystal Structure",
        "content": "Structure of Materials, Metallic Glasses, Liquid Crystals, Shape Memory Alloy, Biomaterials, Properties of Materials, Transforming Materials, Structure and Transformation of Materials, Composite Materials, Smart Materials, Engineering Applications of Materials"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Nanoscale",
        "content": "Significance of the Nanoscale, Nanotechnology, Production Techniques of Nanomaterials, Properties of Nanomaterials, Nanostructures, Carbon Nanomaterials, Fullerenes, Carbon Nanotubes, Nanowires, Quantum Dots, Dendrimers, Nanocomposites, Tools for Characterization of Nanomaterials, Application of Nanomaterials"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Nanomechanical Systems (NEMS)",
        "content": "Micromechanical Systems (MEMS), Quantum Information, Quantum Computing, Evolution of Quantum Theory, Quantum Computer"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Streetman B. G., Solid State Electronics, Prentice Hall India (2nd Edition) 1986.",
      "Avadhanulu M. N. and P.G. Kshirsagar, A text Book of Engineering Physics, (7th Edition) 2004.",
      "Dekkar A.J.; Electrical Engineering Materials; Prentice Hall India Publication, 1992.",
      "Kenneth Krane; Modern Physics; (2nd Edition); John Wiley Eastern, 1998.",
      "Pillai S. O., Solid State Physics, New Age International Publishers, 3rd edition, 1999.",
      "Rathi Rakesh, Nanotechnology: Technology Revolution of 21st Century, S. Chand & Company PVT LTD, New Delhi"
    ],
    "references": [
      "John A. Pelesko, David H. Bernstein, Modeling MEMS and NEMS CRC Press, 2002"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer Programming": {
    "code": "CSL 101",
    "title": "Computer Programming",
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognise basics of programming and develop logical thinking.",
      "To illustrate how to model real world problems into the software and develop practical programming skills.",
      "To use mathematical and statistical applications into programming.",
      "To analyse and develop solutions for the general as well as scientific problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Computer Generation and Evolution",
        "content": "Flowcharts, Algorithm, What is C, Constants, Variables, Scope of Variable, Data Types, Operators, Arithmetic Expression, Hierarchy of Operators, Control Flows, Conditional Operator, Loops, Switch Concept, Basic Program Structure, C Program Execution Flow"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Introduction to Function",
        "content": "Parameter Passing Mechanisms, Returning Value from Function, Recursive Functions, Macros"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: One-Dimension Arrays",
        "content": "Multi-Dimension Arrays, Array Initialization, Memory Storage of Arrays, Arrays as Function Parameters, Array Based Programs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Pointer Initialization",
        "content": "Accessing Variables through Pointers, Pointers as Function Arguments, Pointer to Array, Array of Pointers, Pointers to Pointers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Defining Structure",
        "content": "Accessing Structure Members, Array of Structures, Unions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: File Handling Concepts",
        "content": "Reading from File, Writing to File"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "The C Programming Language by Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, PHI.",
      "Programming in C by E. Balguruswamy, Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Electronics Devices and Circuits": {
    "code": "ECL 101",
    "title": "Electronics Devices and Circuits",
    "outcomes": [
      "To apply concepts of basic electronic devices into electronic circuits and can analyze various parameters.",
      "To Relate and apply fundamentals of semiconductor devices, such as diode, BJT, DIAC, LED, UJT, MOSFET in to various practical applications.",
      "Design small and large signal amplifier circuits for various practical applications.",
      "Design various power devices including applications of these devices in to power amplifications.",
      "Design and analyze basic electronic circuits."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: P & N Type Semiconductors",
        "content": "Diodes and Power Supplies, Theory of P-N Junction Diode, Junction Capacitance, Halfwave Rectifier, Fullwave Rectifier, Power Supply Filters, Ripple-Factor, Zener Diode as Regulator, Schottky Diode, Photodiode, Light Emitting Diode (LED), Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), Varactor Diode, Tunnel Diode"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Junction Transistors Theory of Operation",
        "content": "BJT Static Characteristics, Breakdown Voltages, Current Voltage Power Limitations, Biasing of BJT, Biasing Arrangements, Stability Factor, Thermal Runaway, Power Transistors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Small Signal Analysis of BJT",
        "content": "High Frequency Analysis of BJT, Common Emitter Amplifier, Common Base Amplifier, Common Collector Amplifier, Frequency Response Calculation, Gain Bandwidth Product"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Power Amplifiers Class A",
        "content": "Power Amplifiers Class B, Power Amplifiers Class AB, Power Amplifiers Class C, Power Amplifier Efficiency, Push Pull Configuration, Complimentary Symmetry, Second Harmonic Distortion, Cross Over Distortion"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Positive Feedback Amplifiers",
        "content": "Negative Feedback Amplifiers, Feedback Amplifier Classification, Practical Feedback Circuits, Oscillators Stability, Barkhausen Criteria, RC Oscillator, LC Oscillator, Crystal Oscillator, Field Effect Transistor (FET), MOSFET Principle of Operation, MOSFET Characteristics"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "J. Millman and C. C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 2011.",
      "R. L. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuit theory, 10th ed., Pearson, 2011."
    ],
    "references": [
      "D. A. Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits, 2nd ed., Reston Publishing, 1980.",
      "T. L. Floyd, Electronic Devices, 10th ed., Pearson, 2008."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Health Sports and Safety": {
    "code": "SAP 101",
    "title": "Health Sports and Safety",
    "outcomes": [
      "To provide physical fitness and good health.",
      "Create awareness among the students about their health status by conducting various tests and measurements and suggest them suitable remedial physical fitness program so that they can improve physical health status.",
      "Improve physiological health status.",
      "To improve productivity, foster social harmony, inculcate sense of discipline and dedication in general life.",
      "Develop the spirit of teamwork, through various sports activities."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Strength Endurance Conditioning",
        "content": "Maximum Strength, Explosive Strength, Aerobic Endurance, Anaerobic Endurance, Speed Endurance, Speed Development, Co-coordinative Ability, Flexibility Exercises"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Physical Efficiency Test Level 1",
        "content": "Cooper Test 12 Minute Run or Walk Test, Sit and Reach Test, 100 Meter Run, One Minute Sit Up Test, Push Up Test, Bent Knee Push Up Test"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Teaching Sports Skills",
        "content": "Cognitive Skills, Perceptual Skills, Motor Skills, Perceptual Motor Skills"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: First Aid Training",
        "content": "Intramural Phase 1 Sports Talent Identification, Inter-Section Tournament, Football, Volleyball, Throw Ball, Table Tennis, Chess"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Yoga Practice",
        "content": "Meditation, Personal Safety Concepts"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 0
  },
  "Environmental Studies": {
    "code": "HUL 102",
    "title": "Environmental Studies",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify natural resources, ecosystem, and biodiversity, their structure and functions.",
      "Describe the importance of environmental components, and their role in human life.",
      "Illustrate the possible causes of various forms of environmental pollution, their consequences, and methods of prevention.",
      "Define the concept of sustainable development and mechanism to attain it.",
      "Recognize the integration of social issues and environmental problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Forest Resources",
        "content": "Water Resources, Mineral Resources, Food Resources, Energy Resources, Land Resources"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Concept of Ecosystem",
        "content": "Structure of Ecosystem, Function of Ecosystem, Producers, Consumers, Decomposers, Ecological Succession, Food Chain, Food Webs, Ecological Pyramids"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Genetic Diversity",
        "content": "Species Diversity, Ecosystem Diversity, Value of Biodiversity, Global Biodiversity, National Biodiversity, Local Biodiversity, India as Mega-Diversity Nation, Biodiversity Hot-Spots, Habitat Loss, Poaching of Wildlife, Man-Wildlife Conflicts, In-situ Conservation, Ex-situ Conservation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Air Pollution Causes and Control",
        "content": "Water Pollution Causes and Control, Soil Pollution Causes and Control, Marine Pollution, Noise Pollution, Thermal Pollution, Nuclear Hazards, Urban Solid Waste Management, Industrial Solid Waste Management"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Sustainable Development",
        "content": "Water Conservation, Rain Water Harvesting, Watershed Management, Climate Change, Global Warming, Ozone Layer Depletion, Nuclear Accidents, Environmental Rules and Regulations, Human Population Growth, Environment and Human Health, Role of IT in Environment"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Rajagopalan, Raghavachari. Environmental studies: from crisis to cure. No. Ed. 3. Oxford University Press, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Joseph, Benny. Environmental studies. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2005.",
      "Chopra, Kanchan and G. K. Kadaekodi, Operationalizing Sustainable Development: Economic- Ecological Modeling for Developing Countries: Sage, Chapter 1, 1999.",
      "Kolstad, Charles, D., Environmental Economics, Press, 2000.",
      "Reed, David (Ed.), Structural Adjustments, the Environment and Sustainable Development, Earthscan, 1996.",
      "Bharucha, Erach. Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses. Universities Press, 2005."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Matrices, Transform Techniques and Differential Equations": {
    "code": "MAL 104",
    "title": "Matrices, Transform Techniques and Differential Equations",
    "outcomes": [
      "To apply the concepts of matrices for solving system of linear equations.",
      "To use the Fourier transform and Laplace transform for solving the differential equations.",
      "To solve different types of differential equations.",
      "To model the LR-circuit, RL-circuit, radioactive decay, and population growth, and heat equation.",
      "To exploit partial differential equations in solving heat flow problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Vectors in R^n",
        "content": "Linear Independence and Dependence, Rank of Matrix, System of Linear Equations, Gauss Elimination, Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, Algebraic Multiplicity, Geometric Multiplicity, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, Linear Transformations, Orthogonal Transformations, Reduction to Diagonal Form, Hermitian Matrices, Skew-Hermitian Matrices, Applications of Linear Transformations in Computer Graphics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Review of Complex Numbers",
        "content": "Fourier Series, Dirichlet Conditions, Half Range Series, RMS Value, Parseval's Identity, Fourier Transform Properties, Fourier Sine Transform, Fourier Cosine Transform, Convolution Theorem, Definition of Laplace Transform, Properties of Laplace Transform, Laplace Transform of Periodic Functions, Laplace Transform of Unit Step Function, Impulse Function, Inverse Laplace Transform, Convolution Theorem, Z-Transform, Z-Transforms of Standard Functions, Inverse Z-Transforms by Partial Fraction Method, Inverse Z-Transforms by Convolution Method"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: First Order Exact Differential Equations",
        "content": "Integrating Factors, Bernoulli's Equations, Orthogonal Trajectories, Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions, Second Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients, Higher Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients, Method of Variation of Parameters, Cauchy-Euler Equations, Simultaneous Linear Differential Equations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: LR-Circuit Modeling",
        "content": "RL-Circuit Modeling, Radioactive Decay Modeling, Population Growth Modeling, LCR Circuit Vibrations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Formation of Partial Differential Equations",
        "content": "Solution of Partial Differential Equations, General Integrals, Particular Integrals, Complete Integrals, Singular Integrals, First Order PDE Forms F(p,q)=0, F(z,p,q)=0, F(x,p)=G(y,q), Clairaut's Form, Lagrange's Equation Pp+Qq=R, Linear PDE of Higher Order with Constant Coefficients, Classification of Second Order PDE, Separation of Variables Method, One-Dimensional Wave Equation, One-Dimensional Heat Equation, Wave Propagation on Semi-Infinite String, Steady State Heat Equations using Fourier Transforms"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley India, 10th Edition, 2015",
      "Gilbert Strang, Introduction to Linear Algebra, Wellesley- Cambridge Press, 4th Edition, 2011.",
      "G. F. Simmons, Differential Equations with Applications and Histrorical Notes, Tata McGraw Hill, Second Edition, 2003.",
      "J. D. Logan, Applied Partial Equations, Springer-Verlag, 3rd Edition, 2015.",
      "S. Kumaresan, Geometrical Approach to Linear Algebra, Prentice Hall of India, 2000."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Jin Ho Kwak and Sungpyo Hong, Linear Algebra, Springer, Second edition, 2004.",
      "S. L. Ross, Partial Differential Equations, Wiley, 3rd Edition, 2007."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Digital Electronics": {
    "code": "ECL 102",
    "title": "Digital Electronics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Representing numbers using various number system and operations.",
      "Formulate and design combinational logic using logic gates",
      "Improving a digital circuit using optimization techniques.",
      "Examine and construct digital sequential circuits.",
      "Design a cost effective digital system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Number Systems Representations",
        "content": "Signed Numbers, 1's Complement, 2's Complement, Saturation in Fixed Point Arithmetic, Overflow in Fixed Point Arithmetic"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Boolean Algebra Axioms and Theorems",
        "content": "DeMorgan's Law, Universal Gates, Duality Principle, Expression Manipulation using Axioms and Theorems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Logic Families (DTL",
        "content": "RTL, I2L, TTL, ECL, CMOS), Parameters of Logic Families, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), FPGAs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Switching Algebra",
        "content": "Canonical Forms, Two-Level Simplification, Boolean Cube, Logic Minimization using K-Map, Quine-McCluskey Tabular Method, Minimization for Product-of-Sum Form, Minimization for Sum-of-Product Form, Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Decoders, Encoders, Hazard Free Synthesis, Half Adder, Full Adder, BCD Adder, Ripple Carry Adder, Carry-Lookahead Adder, Combinational Multiplier"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Feedback Logic Circuits",
        "content": "Basic Latches, Clock Signals, R-S Latch, Master-Slave Latch, J-K Flip Flop, T Flip-Flop, D Flip-Flop, Storage Registers, Shift Register, Ripple Counter, Synchronous Counters, Finite State Machine (Moore Machine), Finite State Machine (Mealy Machine), FSM with Single/Multiple Inputs and Outputs"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. M. Mano, Digital Design, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, 2002.",
      "T. L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed., Prentice Hall, 2009."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and Practices, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, 2006.",
      "S. Brown and Z. Vranesic, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2007."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Data Structures": {
    "code": "CSL 102",
    "title": "Data Structures",
    "outcomes": [
      "Design and differentiate the recursive and iterative versions of the program.",
      "Implement and analyse algorithms using dynamic memory allocation.",
      "Apply, implement and evaluate various concepts of linear data structures for solving real life problems.",
      "Apply, implement and evaluate non-linear data structures in solving various problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Data Types and Operations",
        "content": "Iterative Constructs, Loop Invariants, Quantifiers and Loops, Structured Programming, Modular Design, Scope Rules, Parameter Passing Mechanisms, Recursion, Program Stack and Function Invocations, Searching Arrays, Sorting Arrays, Mergesort, Quicksort, Binary Search, Big Oh Notation for Program Complexity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Implementation of Structures (Records)",
        "content": "Array of Structures, Database Implementation using Array of Records, Dynamic Memory Allocation and Deallocation, Dynamically Allocated Single-Dimensional Arrays, Dynamically Allocated Multi-Dimensional Arrays"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Abstract Data Type (ADT) Concept",
        "content": "Lists as Dynamic Structures, Operations on Lists, Array Implementation of Linked List, Pointer Implementation of Linked List, Self-Referential Structures, Stack Operations, Queue Operations, Array-Based Stack and Queue Implementation, Pointer-Based Stack and Queue Implementation, Simulating Recursion using Stacks, Applications of Stacks and Queues"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Singly-Linked Lists",
        "content": "Doubly Linked Lists, Circular Linked Lists, List Traversal, List Insertion, List Deletion, List Concatenation, List Reversal, Mergesort for Linked Lists"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Trees Terminology and Properties",
        "content": "Properties of Binary Trees, Binary Search Tree (BST), BST Searching, BST Insertion, BST Deletion, BST Height Calculation, Iterative Tree Traversals, Recursive Tree Traversals, Infix to Postfix Conversion, Expression Evaluation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Graph Data Structure Overview",
        "content": "Graph Adjacency Matrix, Graph Adjacency List, Breadth First Traversal (BFT), Depth First Traversal (DFT), Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG), Topological Sort, Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Data Structures & Program Design in C: Robert Kruse, G. L. Tondo and B. Leung PHI-EEE.",
      "Fundamentals of Data Structures in C: E. Horowitz, S. Sahni, and S. Anderson-Freed, University Press"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Aho, Hopcroft and Ullmann, Data Structures and Algorithms, Addison Wesley, 1983."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Application Programming": {
    "code": "CSL 103",
    "title": "Application Programming",
    "outcomes": [
      "Aware about different tools for Web Programming.",
      "Background of working on web.",
      "Construct efficient web pages with CSS and Javascript.",
      "Demonstrate competency in the use of common HTML code.",
      "Able to design efficient client as well as server side scripts."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Internet Fundamentals",
        "content": "Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), World Wide Web (WWW), Basics of Networking, Domain Name System (DNS), Uniform Resource Locator (URL), Firewall, Proxy Server, HTTP Protocol, HTTPS Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: HTML Web Page Design",
        "content": "HTML Forms, Dynamic HTML (DHTML), XML, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), XHTML Syntax, XHTML Headings, XHTML Linking, XHTML Images, XHTML Special Characters, XHTML Horizontal Rules, XHTML Lists, XHTML Tables, XHTML Forms, XHTML Internal Linking, XHTML Meta Elements"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Introduction to Web Server",
        "content": "Setting Up Apache Tomcat Server, Configuring Apache Tomcat Server, Accessing Pages from Another Machine"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Server Side Programming with PHP",
        "content": "Client Side Programming with JavaScript"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Python Statements and Control Flow",
        "content": "Python Expressions, Python Methods, Python Typing, Python Libraries, Python Developmental Environment, Web Programming using Python"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "H. M. Deitel and P. J. Deitel, Internet & World Wide Web – How to Program, Prentice-Hall.",
      "D. Goodman and M. Morrison, JavaScript Bible, Wiley India.",
      "M. Lutz, Learning Python, 4th ed., O'Reilly Media."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Garfinkle and G. Spafford, Web Security, Privacy and Commerce, O'Reilly, 2002.",
      "L. Atkinson, Core PHP Programming, Prentice Hall.",
      "N. P. Gopalan and Akilandeswari, Web Technology, Prentice-Hall."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Communication Skills": {
    "code": "HUL 101",
    "title": "Communication Skills",
    "outcomes": [
      "Utilize functional English grammar for accurate and enhanced language skills.",
      "Construct and use effective interpersonal and workplace communication",
      "Acquire better reading comprehension, pronunciation and reading skills",
      "Introspect and illustrate the personality traits and soft skills",
      "Develop the skills for better pre and post placement communication through effective presentations, personal interviews and group discussions"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Definition of Communication",
        "content": "Process of Communication, Stages of Communication, Content of the Message, Types of Communication, Transmission Modes, Verbal Communication, Non-verbal Communication (Kinesics, Proxemics, Chronemics, Haptics, Paralinguistic Features), Levels of Communication, Flow of Communication, Communication Networks, Grapevine Communication, Barriers to Communication, Choice of Medium"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Art of Listening",
        "content": "Listening vs Hearing, Advantages of Good Listening, Barriers to Effective Listening, Techniques of Effective Listening, Reading Comprehension, Process of Reading, Techniques of Reading, Skimming, Scanning, Intensive Reading, SQ3R Method, Orientation in Literary and Scholarly Articles"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Types of Speech",
        "content": "Public Speaking, Components of Effective Speech, Stage Presence, Personality Development, Speech Clarity and Fluency, Body Language in Speaking, Barriers to Effective Speaking, Characteristics of Successful Presentation, PowerPoint Presentation, Using Audio Visual Aids"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Group Discussion Do's and Don'ts",
        "content": "Essential Skills for GD, GD Evaluation Pattern, Objectives of Personal Interview, Types of Job Interviews, Employer Expectations, Social Media Profile Do's and Don'ts, Interview Success Factors, Interview Failure Factors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Transformation of Sentences",
        "content": "Punctuation Rules, English Spellings, Mechanics of Writing"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Orient Longman, A Textbook of English for Engineers and Technologists",
      "M. Ashraf Rizvi, Effective Technical Communication. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2009"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Quirk R. and Greenbaum S., A University Grammar of English.",
      "Krishnaswamy N., English Grammar (Longman Publication) (Macmillan India Ltd)",
      "Sanjay Kumar and Pushpa Lata, Communication Skills. Oxford Publication",
      "Meenakshi Raman and Sangita Sharma. Technical Communication. Second Edition. Oxford Publication, 2011"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Mechanics and Graphics": {
    "code": "BEL 101",
    "title": "Mechanics and Graphics",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand and implement Orthographic projection in working objects and develop understanding of theory of projection, improve visualization skills and draw professional engineering projections of engineering objects.",
      "To draw and interpret, render 3D isometric and 2D objects and develop professional skills in CAD Software(s).",
      "To apply equilibrium equations for mechanics of rigid bodies including friction.",
      "To conceptualize the concept of stress and strain. Design of Truss and Beam.",
      "To implement algorithms of computer graphics for scan conversion, geometric transformations, clipping methods."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Concept of Scales",
        "content": "Representative Factor, Engineering Curves (Cycloid, Conic Sections), Orthographic Projection Principal Planes, Projection of Points, Projection of Straight Lines Inclined to Both Principal Planes, True Lengths, True Inclinations, Traces, Projection of Planes, Projection of Right Regular Solids, Development of Surfaces, Conversion of Isometric Views to Orthographic Views, Isometric Projections, Isometric Axes, Isometric Planes, Isometric Views, Conversion of Orthographic Views to Isometric Views"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Introduction to CAD",
        "content": "AutoCAD Modelling Commands, AutoCAD Editing Commands, Concept of Layers, Annotation, 2D Problems in CAD, 3D Problems in CAD, Rendering in AutoCAD, Concept of Block, Layout Building, Solid Editing, Isometric Modelling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Vector Representation of Force System",
        "content": "Moment of Force About Point, Moment of Force About Axis, Couple Moment, Wrench Reduction of Force System, Free Body Diagrams, Support Reactions, Resultant and Equilibrium Analysis, Equilibrium of Planar Force Systems, Equilibrium of Spatial Force Systems, Sliding Friction, Rolling Friction, Wedge Friction, Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies (3-Force Body, 2-Force Body)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Internal Forces in Truss Members",
        "content": "Axial Force Diagram, Beam Free Body Diagram, Shear Force Diagram, Bending Moment Diagram, Twisting Moment Diagram, Normal Stress and Strain, Shear Stress and Strain, State of Stress at Point, Stress-Strain Curve, Hooke's Law, Modulus of Elasticity, Poisson's Ratio, Modulus of Rigidity, Bulk Modulus, Transformation of Stress, 2D Stress System, Volumetric Stress and Strain, Principal Planes and Strains"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Introduction to Computer Graphics",
        "content": "Input/Output Devices, Graphics System Components, Memory Buffer, DDA Line Algorithm, Bresenham's Line Algorithm, Midpoint Line Algorithm, Midpoint Circle Algorithm, Bresenham's Circle Algorithm, Ellipse Generation, 2D and 3D Transformations (Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Shear, Reflection), Window to Viewport Transformation, Cohen-Sutherland Line Clipping, Mid-point Subdivision Clipping Algorithm, Flood Fill Algorithm"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A. Pytel and F. L. Singer, Strength of Materials, 4th ed., Harper & Row Publishers, 1987.",
      "N. D. Bhatt, V. M. Panchal, and P. R. Ingle, Engineering Drawing, 51st ed., Charotar Publishing House, 2012.",
      "N. Krishnamurthy, Introduction to Computer Graphics, illustrated ed., McGraw-Hill, 2002."
    ],
    "references": [
      "R. C. Hibbeler, Engineering Mechanics: Statics & Dynamics, 13th ed., Pearson, 2013.",
      "F. P. Beer and E. R. Johnston, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, Tata McGraw-Hill.",
      "I. H. Shames, Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics, Pearson Education.",
      "J. L. Meriam and L. G. Kraige, Engineering Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons.",
      "S. Timoshenko, Strength of Materials, Part 1, CBS Publishers and Distributors.",
      "E. P. Popov, Mechanics of Deformable Bodies, Prentice-Hall.",
      "D. Jolhe, Engineering Drawing with an Introduction to AutoCAD, Tata McGraw-Hill."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Numerical Methods and Probability Theory": {
    "code": "MAL 201",
    "title": "Numerical Methods and Probability Theory",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand common numerical methods and how they are used to obtain approximate solutions of mathematical problems.",
      "To analyze and evaluate the error and accuracy of common numerical methods.",
      "To apply numerical methods to obtain approximate solutions to mathematical problems.",
      "To understand concepts of probability, conditional probability and independence, random variables and probability distributions.",
      "Application of random processes, autocorrelation and cross-correlation in the field of electronics and communication engineering"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Solutions of Algebraic Equations by Iteration Method",
        "content": "Method of False Position, Newton-Raphson Method, Convergence of Root Finding Methods, Solutions of System of Linear Equations by Gauss Elimination Method, Gauss Seidel Method, LU Decomposition Method, Newton-Raphson Method for System of Nonlinear Equations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Power Method, Jacobi Method for Eigenvalues"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Taylor's Series Method for ODE",
        "content": "Modified Euler's Method, Runge-Kutta Method, Milne's Predictor-Corrector Method, Shooting Method for Boundary Value Problems, Finite Difference Methods for Boundary Value Problems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Discrete Random Variables",
        "content": "Continuous Random Variables, Probability Density Function (PDF), Probability Distribution Function (CDF), Joint Probability Distributions, Mathematical Expectation Definition, Expectation of Functions of Random Variables, Variance and Standard Deviation, Moment Generating Function, Skewness, Kurtosis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Binomial Distribution",
        "content": "Geometric Distribution, Poisson Distribution, Relation between Binomial and Poisson Distribution, Normal Distribution, Relation between Binomial and Normal Distribution"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Continuous Random Processes",
        "content": "Discrete Random Processes, Process Determinism, Process Stationarity, Ergodicity, Correlation Functions, Autocorrelation Function, Cross-Correlation Function, Properties and Applications of Correlation Functions"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Jain, Iyengar, and Jain, Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, Wiley Eastern."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Rohatgi, V. K., and Ehsanes Sateh, A. K. M., An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, John Wiley & Sons.",
      "Cante, S. D., and de Boor, C., Elementary Numerical Analysis: An Algorithmic Approach, McGraw-Hill.",
      "Gerald, C. F., and Wheatley, P. O., Applied Numerical Analysis, Addison-Wesley.",
      "Spiegel, M. R., Theory and Problems of Probability and Statistics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Introduction to Object Oriented Programming": {
    "code": "CSL 202",
    "title": "Introduction to Object Oriented Programming",
    "outcomes": [
      "Evaluate various object-oriented paradigms like abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, information hiding, exception handling, etc.",
      "Identify the implementational differences between different object-oriented programming languages.",
      "Analyse a problem description and design and develop object-oriented software using best coding practices.",
      "Assess object-oriented solutions for various real-world problems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Object Oriented Programming Principles",
        "content": "Features of Object Oriented Programming Languages, Data Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Late Binding"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Concept of Class",
        "content": "Access Control of Members of Class, Instantiating Class, Static Members, Non-Static Members, Overloading Method, Deriving Class from Another Class, Access Control Under Derivation, Ways of Class Derivation, Method Overriding, Run-Time Polymorphism"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Concept of Abstract Class",
        "content": "Concept of Interface, Implementation of Interface, Exception Handling Mechanisms, Study of Exception Handling in Object-Oriented Languages"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Introduction to Streams",
        "content": "Use of Stream Classes, Serialization of Objects, De-serialization of Objects, C++ Templates, Implementation of Linked Lists using OOP, Implementation of Stacks using OOP, Implementation of Queues using OOP, Implementation of Trees using OOP, Implementation of Graphs using OOP, Implementation of Hash Tables using OOP"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Concept of Refactoring",
        "content": "Unified Modeling Language (UML) Modelling Techniques, Software Design Patterns"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, Addison-Wesley",
      "Herbert Schildt, C++: The Complete Reference, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Arnold Ken, Gosling J, The Java Programming Language, Addison-Wesley",
      "Matt Weisfeld, The Object-Oriented Thought Process, Pearson",
      "Cox Brad, Object-Oriented Programming: An Evolutionary Approach, Addison-Wesley"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer System Organisation": {
    "code": "CSL 203",
    "title": "Computer System Organisation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Inspect the basic functional organization of a computing system.",
      "Evaluate the performance of the machines based on the memories, I/O interfaces and pipelined architecture, etc.",
      "Identify and interpret the implementation of memory chips, caches, modules, etc.",
      "Analyse and compare CPU implementations, I/O methods, bus structures, modes of operations, ISA, etc.",
      "Compare and contrast advanced architectures such as GPU in advanced digital systems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Addressing Methods",
        "content": "Implementation of High Level Language Constructs, Data Structures in Memory, Instruction Formats, Expanding Opcode Method, Subroutine Linkage in PDP-11, Subroutine Linkage in 68000, Zero Address Machine Architecture, HP3000 Architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Processing Unit Architecture",
        "content": "Bus Architecture, Execution of Complete Instruction, Control Signals Sequencing, Microprogrammed Control Unit, Microinstruction Format, Microinstruction Sequencing, Bit Slice Concept"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Computer Arithmetic",
        "content": "Number Representations, Fast Address Adder Design, Signed Multiplication, Booth's Algorithm, Bit-Pair Recoding, Computer Division Algorithms, Floating Point Numbers and Operations, Guard Bits, Rounding Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Main Memory Organization",
        "content": "Memory Design Technologies, Higher Order Memory Design, Multimodal Memories, Memory Interleaving, Cache Memory Concept, Cache Mapping Functions, Cache Replacement Algorithms, Input-Output Organization, I/O Mapped I/O, Memory Mapped I/O, Direct Memory Access (DMA), Interrupt Handling Mechanisms, Device Identification, Vectored Interrupts, Interrupt Nesting, I/O Interfaces, Synchronous Data Transfer, Asynchronous Data Transfer, I/O Channels"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Computer Peripherals",
        "content": "Video Terminals, Video Displays, Graphic Input Devices, Printers, Magnetic Disk Storage, Magnetic Tape Storage, CDROM Systems, RISC Philosophy, Basic Pipelining Concepts, Delayed Branch, Branch Prediction, Data Dependency in Pipelining, Influence of Pipelining on Instruction Set Design, Multiple Execution Units, Parallel Processing Concepts, Parallel Architecture Classification"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Computer Organization, Hamacher, Carl V. et al, McGraw Hill",
      "Structured Computer Organization, Tanenbaum A.S, Prentice Hall of India Ltd",
      "Computer Organization & Design, The Hardware/ Software Interface, Patterson D. A J. L. Second Edition. Harcourt, Hennessy Asia"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Computer System Organization": {
    "code": "CSL 203",
    "title": "Computer System Organization",
    "outcomes": [
      "Inspect the basic functional organization of a computing system.",
      "Evaluate the performance of the machines based on the memories, I/O interfaces and pipelined architecture, etc.",
      "Identify and interpret the implementation of memory chips, caches, modules, etc.",
      "Analyse and compare CPU implementations, I/O methods, bus structures, modes of operations, ISA, etc.",
      "Compare and contrast advanced architectures such as GPU in advanced digital systems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Addressing Methods",
        "content": "Implementation of High Level Language Constructs, Data Structures in Memory, Instruction Formats, Expanding Opcode Method, Subroutine Linkage in PDP-11, Subroutine Linkage in 68000, Zero Address Machine Architecture, HP3000 Architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Processing Unit Architecture",
        "content": "Bus Architecture, Execution of Complete Instruction, Control Signals Sequencing, Microprogrammed Control Unit, Microinstruction Format, Microinstruction Sequencing, Bit Slice Concept"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Computer Arithmetic",
        "content": "Number Representations, Fast Address Adder Design, Signed Multiplication, Booth's Algorithm, Bit-Pair Recoding, Computer Division Algorithms, Floating Point Numbers and Operations, Guard Bits, Rounding Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Main Memory Organization",
        "content": "Memory Design Technologies, Higher Order Memory Design, Multimodal Memories, Memory Interleaving, Cache Memory Concept, Cache Mapping Functions, Cache Replacement Algorithms, Input-Output Organization, I/O Mapped I/O, Memory Mapped I/O, Direct Memory Access (DMA), Interrupt Handling Mechanisms, Device Identification, Vectored Interrupts, Interrupt Nesting, I/O Interfaces, Synchronous Data Transfer, Asynchronous Data Transfer, I/O Channels"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Computer Peripherals",
        "content": "Video Terminals, Video Displays, Graphic Input Devices, Printers, Magnetic Disk Storage, Magnetic Tape Storage, CDROM Systems, RISC Philosophy, Basic Pipelining Concepts, Delayed Branch, Branch Prediction, Data Dependency in Pipelining, Influence of Pipelining on Instruction Set Design, Multiple Execution Units, Parallel Processing Concepts, Parallel Architecture Classification"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Computer Organization, Hamacher, Carl V. et al, McGraw Hill",
      "Structured Computer Organization, Tanenbaum A.S, Prentice Hall of India Ltd",
      "Computer Organization & Design, The Hardware/ Software Interface, Patterson D. A J. L. Second Edition. Harcourt, Hennessy Asia"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Data Structures with Applications": {
    "code": "CSL 210",
    "title": "Data Structures with Applications",
    "outcomes": [
      "Ability to design and analyze the applications based on dynamic memory allocation such as linked lists.",
      "Ability to apply and relate the concepts of height balanced trees for comparative analysis, and their applications to real world.",
      "Ability to incorporate the knowledge of tries and skip lists for different applications.",
      "Ability to apply the knowledge of graph data structures for various applications and algorithm design paradigms."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Polynomial Representation using Lists",
        "content": "Multi-Precision Arithmetic, Hash Tables, Radix Sort, Multi-Linked Structures, Sparse Matrix Representation, Priority Queue Implementation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Binary Search Tree (BST) Overview",
        "content": "Height-Balanced (AVL) Trees, AVL Insertion, AVL Deletion, AVL Rotations, Heaps and Heapsort, Multi-way Trees and External Sorting, B-Trees Insertion and Deletion, B+ Trees Insertion and Deletion, Red-Black Trees, Splay Trees"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": "Tries, Multi-Way Tries, Suffix Trees, Segment Trees, Skip Lists, Disjoint Set Representation Data Structures"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Graph Data Structure Definition",
        "content": "Breadth First Traversal (BFT), Depth First Traversal (DFT), Topological Sort, Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm Data Structures, All-Pairs Shortest Paths, Kruskal's Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm, Prim's Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm, Huffman Coding, Network Flow Problem Introduction"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Data Structures & Program Design in C: Robert Kruse, G. L. Tondo and B. Leung PHI-EEE.",
      "Fundamentals of Data Structures in C: E. Horowitz, S. Sahni, and S. Anderson-Freed, University Press"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Aho, Hopcroft and Ullmann, Data Structures and Algorithms, Addison Wesley, 1983."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "IT Workshop – I": {
    "code": "CSP 201",
    "title": "IT Workshop – I",
    "outcomes": [
      "Effectively use the Unix programming environment - shell, file system, scripts, filters, program development tools.",
      "Automate tasks and write simple programs using scripting languages, such as Awk.",
      "Develop good programming style, organization, interface, and documentation habits.",
      "Use of effective procedures and tools for building, debugging, testing, tuning, and maintaining programs.",
      "Use of tools and write programs to assist in developing programs."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: C Program Error Identification Tools",
        "content": "GDB, Concepts of Core Dump, Backtracing using bt, Register Inspection using info, Creating Watch-list and Watch Variables, Data Display Debugger (DDD), Debugging with DDD (Step, Step Into, Step Over), DevCpp Compiler Options, VisualStudio Compiler Options, Linker Options, Unix Tools (Awk, Sed, Emacs), Make Files, Automated Builds"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linux Text Editors",
        "content": "Linux Users, Linux Files, Linux Permissions, Linux Processes, Introduction to Shell, Set and Unset Variables, Displaying using Echo, Using Expr and Test, Getting Input using Read, Header Files of Shell Script using Shebang, Sample Shell Script Program, Assigning Command to Variable, Storing Output to Variable, Assigning Global Value using Export, Command Line Arguments, Conditional Statements, Looping Statements, Shell Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Advanced Commands (SED",
        "content": "Replacing Values in a File, STTY, TOP, Sending Email using MAIL, HERE), Scheduler (Scheduling Job using Crontab, at, nohup), Shell Programming (Essential Systems Administration with Shell Scripting, Elementary Python, Version Control), Advanced Shell Scripting (Monitoring a File, Handling Shell Script Interrupts, Extracting Data from HTML/XML File, Trapping Signals), Database Connectivity (Connecting MYSQL to Shell, Running SQL Queries from Shell Script)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Bash and Bash Scripting",
        "content": "Common Shell Programs, Advantages of BASH, Executing Commands, Scripting Building Blocks, Developing Good Scripting, BASH Variables, BASH Conditionals, BASH Loops, Finding Logged In Users, Writing Scripts, Debugging Scripts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Bash Environment",
        "content": "Shell Initialization Files, Quoting Characters, Shell Expansion, Aliases in Bash, More Options in Bash, Regular Expressions (Meta Characters, Extended Regular Expressions using GREP, Pattern Matching), Python Integration, Testing and Debugging with Software Development Practice"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "C. Negus, Linux Bible, Wiley.",
      "S. Parker, Shell Scripting: Expert Recipes for Linux, Bash & More, Wrox.",
      "R. Petersen, Linux: The Complete Reference, TMH.",
      "R. Collins, Shell Programming and Bash Scripting: Ultimate Beginners Guide Book, CreateSpace."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Microprocessors and Interfacing": {
    "code": "ECL 202",
    "title": "Microprocessors and Interfacing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Illustrate the internal registers and memory organization of microprocessor.",
      "Develop assembly language programs for microprocessor based systems.",
      "Demonstrate the ability to select suitable peripherals as per the system requirement.",
      "Interface external peripheral devices to microprocessor.",
      "Design a system using microprocessor and peripheral devices."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Intel 8085 Microprocessor Architecture",
        "content": "Intel 8086 Microprocessor Architecture, Timing Diagrams, Machine Cycle, T-States, Bus Structure, Instruction Set, Grouping of Instructions, Instruction Cycle, Assembly Language Programming, Stacks and Subroutines, Related Instructions, Interrupts and Associated Instructions, Expanding Interrupts, ALP for Stacks, Interrupt Service Routines"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Memory Interfacing",
        "content": "I/O Mapped I/O Mode, Memory Mapped I/O Mode, Interfacing Input Devices, Interfacing Output Devices, Multiplexed Interfacing, Matrix Interfacing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Interfacing 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface",
        "content": "Interfacing 8254 Programmable Interval Timer, Interfacing 8251 USART, Interfacing 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller, Interfacing 8257/8237 DMA Controller, Interfacing 8279 Keyboard/Display Controller"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Intel 8086 Microprocessor Architecture",
        "content": "8086 Instruction Set, 8086 Memory Interfacing, 8086 Programming, 8087 Coprocessor Interface"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Microprocessors Architecture, Programming and applications with 8085, Gaonkar R.S, Penram Publishing"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Microprocessors and Microcontrollers, Uffenbeck J, Prentice Hall of India",
      "K M Bhurchandi, A K Ray, Advanced microprocessors and Peripherals, McGraw Hill Education India, 2012, 3rd ed"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Discrete Maths and Graph Theory": {
    "code": "CSL 204",
    "title": "Discrete Maths and Graph Theory",
    "outcomes": [
      "Student should be able to use different proof techniques.",
      "Students would be able to argue about limits by using Pigeon Hole principle.",
      "Solve problems based on set theory, Permutations and Combinations, as well as Discrete Probability.",
      "Students will be able to solve mathematical problems on partial orders, and group theory.",
      "Students would be able to model and analyze computational problems in graph theoretical framework."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Set Theory Definition",
        "content": "Countable Sets, Uncountable Sets, Venn Diagrams, Proofs of Set Identities, Relation Definition, Types of Relations, Composition of Relations, Pictorial Representation of Relation, Equivalence Relation, Partial Ordering Relation, Job-Scheduling Problem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Algebraic Structures Definition",
        "content": "Semigroups, Monoids, Groups, Abelian Groups, Group Properties, Subgroups, Cyclic Groups, Cosets, Factor Groups, Permutation Groups, Normal Subgroups, Group Homomorphism, Group Isomorphism, Rings Definition, Fields Definition"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Propositional Logic",
        "content": "First Order Logic, Truth Tables, Tautologies, Contradictions, Algebra of Propositions, Logical Implications, Logical Equivalence, Predicates, Normal Forms, Universal Quantifiers, Existential Quantifiers, Finite State Machines as Models, Finite State Machines as Language Recognizers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Graph Theory Terminology",
        "content": "Planar Graphs, Multigraphs, Weighted Graphs, Isomorphic Graphs, Paths and Connectivity, Shortest Path in Weighted Graph, Eulerian Paths and Circuits, Hamiltonian Paths and Circuits, Graph Coloring, Chromatic Number, Hypergraphs, Transitive Closure, Spanning Trees, Line Graphs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Partially Ordered Sets (Posets)",
        "content": "Hasse Diagrams, Well Ordered Sets, Lattice Properties, Bounded Lattices, Complemented Lattices, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem, Multinomial Coefficients, Recurrence Relations, Generating Functions, Linear Recurrence Relations with Constant Coefficients, Homogeneous Solutions, Particular Solutions, Total Solutions"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "C.L.Liu, Elements of Discrete Mathematics, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.",
      "Trembley, J.P & Manohar, Discrete Mathematical Structure with Application CS, McGraw Hill.",
      "Kenneth H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and its applications, McGraw Hill.",
      "Lipschutz, Discrete mathematics (Schaum), TMH",
      "Deo, Narsingh, Graph Theory With application to Engineering and Computer Science, PHI."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Design and Analysis of Algorithms": {
    "code": "CSL 205",
    "title": "Design and Analysis of Algorithms",
    "outcomes": [
      "Student will be able to derive the recurrence relations for algorithms and analyze the performance of algorithms using asymptotic notations.",
      "Student will be able to perform the amortized analysis and evaluate the cost of various operations on the data structure.",
      "Student will be able to analyze and apply various algorithm design paradigms for real world applications. Also, evaluate the performance of algorithm based on various parameters.",
      "Student will be able to apply and relate various algorithms to solve the problems based on Graphs."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Mathematical Foundations",
        "content": "Summation of Arithmetic Series, Summation of Geometric Series, Bounding Summations using Integration, Recurrence Relations, Solutions of Recurrence Relations using Characteristic Equations, Solutions of Recurrence Relations using Generating Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Asymptotic Notations of Analysis of Algorithms",
        "content": "Analyzing Control Structures, Worst Case Analysis, Average Case Analysis, Amortized Analysis, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort, Bubble Sort, Heap Sort, Lower Bound Proof for Sorting, Elementary and Advanced Data Structures Complexity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Divide and Conquer Basic Strategy",
        "content": "Binary Search, Quick Sort, Merge Sort, Fast Fourier Transform, Greedy Method Strategy, Job Sequencing with Deadlines Problem, Minimum Cost Spanning Trees, Single Source Shortest Path"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Dynamic Programming Basic Strategy",
        "content": "Multistage Graphs, All Pairs Shortest Path, Single Source Shortest Paths via DP, Optimal Binary Search Trees, Traveling Salesman Problem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Basic Traversal and Search Techniques",
        "content": "Breadth First Search, Depth First Search, Connected Components, Backtracking Strategy, 8-Queen's Problem, Graph Colouring, Hamiltonian Cycles, NP-Hard Problems, NP-Complete Problems, Nondeterministic Algorithms, Cook's Theorem, Decision and Optimization Problems, Polynomial Reduction"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Introduction to Algorithms: Cormen T.H. et.al: Prentice Hall of India",
      "Computer Algorithms: Horowitz, Sahani, Rajsekharan, Galgotia Publications Pvt.Ltd",
      "Fundamentals of Algorithms: Brassard, Bratley, Prentice Hall"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Software Engineering": {
    "code": "CSL 206",
    "title": "Software Engineering",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop ideas and techniques for designing, developing, and modifying large software systems.",
      "Discuss the Function-oriented and object-oriented modular design techniques, designing for re-use and maintainability.",
      "Analyse specification and documentation, Verification and validation, Cost and quality metrics and estimation.",
      "Illustrate to work in industry as a team member on a substantial project and used the management skill to handle the crucial project."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Software Engineering Process Generic View",
        "content": "Capability Maturity Model, Waterfall Process Model, Evolutionary Process Model, Incremental Process Model, Unified Process, Agile View, Project Management, Metrics Estimation, Project Scheduling, Risk Management"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Software Engineering Principles and Practice",
        "content": "Communication Practices, Planning Practices, Modeling Practices, System Engineering and Modeling, Business Process Engineering Requirement Analysis, System Analysis, Flow Oriented Modeling, Class Oriented Modeling, Data Modeling Concepts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Software Design Engineering",
        "content": "Design Abstraction, Design Architecture, Design Patterns, Design Modularity, Information Hiding, Design Classes, Refactoring, Design of Web Applications, Architectural Design, Component Level Design, User Interface Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Software Testing Strategies",
        "content": "Testing Object Oriented Software, Testing Web Applications, Validation Testing, Black Box Testing, White Box Testing, Basis Path Testing, Testing for Specialized Environments, Software Quality Concepts, Software Quality Assurance, Software Reviews, Statistical Quality Assurance"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Software Configuration Management System Elements",
        "content": "Process Configuration for Web Engineering, Component-Based Development, Cleanroom Software Engineering, Formal Methods, Software Reengineering, Software Maintenance"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Software Engineering by Ian Sommerville; Pearson Ed",
      "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach by Roger Pressman; Tata-McGraw Hill"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Operating Systems": {
    "code": "CSL 207",
    "title": "Operating Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify the structure and design issues of operating systems.",
      "Summarise the concepts of process management and relate the underlying programming constructs.",
      "Analyse and evaluate the memory management techniques, I/O management and file systems.",
      "Implement general operating system concepts using modern operating systems like Unix and others."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Operating Systems",
        "content": "Basic Hardware Support for Modern OS, Services Provided by OS, System Programs, System Calls, Evolution of OS, Real Time Systems Overview, Distributed Systems Overview, Processes, Three Levels of Scheduling, Process Control Block, Context Switch, Goals of Scheduling, Scheduling Algorithms, User-Level Threads, Kernel-Level Threads"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Process Cooperation",
        "content": "Process Synchronization, Mutual Exclusion Implementation, Semaphores, Conditional Critical Regions, Monitors, Classical Inter-Process Communication Problems, Message Passing, Deadlocks Handling Strategies, Protection and Security Issues, Access Lists, Capabilities"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Contiguous Memory Management",
        "content": "Non-Contiguous Memory Management, Paging, Segmentation, Translation Look-Aside Buffers (TLB), Virtual Memory, Demand Paging, Page Faults, Instruction Restart, Problems of Large Address Spaces, Page Replacement Algorithms, Working Sets"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: File Systems User Interface",
        "content": "Disk Space Management, Space Allocation Strategies, UNIX File System Example, DOS File System Example, Windows File System Example, Directory Structures, Disk Caching, File System Consistency, File System Logs, Disk Arm Scheduling Strategies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Linker and Loader Concepts",
        "content": "Static Relocation, Dynamic Relocation, External Symbols, Design of Linker, Object File Design for Loading Schemes, Common Object File Format (COFF), Structure of Executable File, Symbol Table, Storage Class Concept, Device Drivers Programming, System Drivers, Non-System Drivers, Virtual Drivers, Character Drivers, Block Drivers"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Silberchatz & Galvin, Operating System Concepts, Addison Wesley",
      "Tanenbaum A, Modern Operating Systems, PHI 2nd Ed",
      "William Stallings, Operating Systems, Pearson Publications"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Design Principles of Programming Languages": {
    "code": "CSL 208",
    "title": "Design Principles of Programming Languages",
    "outcomes": [
      "Evaluate different programming paradigms",
      "Identify the advantages using certain programming constructs of a programming language over the other programming languages.",
      "Identify the challenges in the implementation aspects behind different programming constructs.",
      "Design and develop programs using imperative (or procedural), an object-oriented, a functional, and a logical programming language using various programming constructs."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Definition of Programming Language",
        "content": "Syntax, Semantics, High-Level Languages, Implementation of High-Level Languages, Compilers, Software Interpreters, Data Elements, Identifiers Binding, Binding Time, Binding Identifiers to Names, Binding of Attributes, Importance of Binding Time, Concept of R-Value, Concept of L-Value, Effect of Environment on Language, Language Paradigms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Data Type Specification",
        "content": "Elementary Data Types, Structured Data Types, Implementation of Integer Data Type, Implementation of Real Data Type, Implementation of Character Data Type, Implementation of Boolean Data Type, Implementation of Pointer Data Type, Vectors and Arrays, Records and Files, Type Checking, Type Conversion, Variable Initialization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Evolution of Data Type Concept",
        "content": "Abstract Data Type, Encapsulation, Design and Implementation of New Data Types through Subprograms, Subprogram Definition and Activation, Subprogram Implementation, Parameter Passing, Generic Subprograms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Sequence Control Structures in Expressions",
        "content": "Sequence Control between Statements, Sequence Control between Subprograms, Recursive Subprogram Calls, Non-Recursive Subprogram Calls, Referring Environment Data Control, Dynamic Scope, Static Scope, Static Chain Implementation, Display Implementation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Type Definition for New Abstract Data Types",
        "content": "Type Equivalence, Type Definitions with Parameters, Storage Management Issues, Static Storage Allocation, Stack-Based Storage Allocation and Management, Heap-Based Storage Allocation and Management"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Pratt Terence, Programming Languages, Design and Implementation, PHI",
      "Sethi Ravi, Programming Languages, Addison Wesley"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "IT Workshop – II": {
    "code": "CSP 202",
    "title": "IT Workshop – II",
    "outcomes": [
      "Able to assess the technology and business trends impacting mobile applications.",
      "Able to analyze the characterization and architecture of mobile applications.",
      "Able to design and develop mobile applications using an application development framework namely, Android Studio.",
      "Able to design and develop database for the mobile applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Java Source File Structure",
        "content": "Java Compilation and Execution, Lexical Tokens, Identifiers, Keywords, Literals, Primitive Datatypes, Operators and Assignments, Object Oriented Programming Classes, Object Reference, Object Lifetime and Garbage Collection, Creating and Operating Objects, Constructor and Initialization Blocks, Access Control Modifiers, Method Overloading, Java Recursion, Static Members, Finalize Method, Use of 'this' Reference, Use of Modifiers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Package Organizing Classes and Interfaces",
        "content": "CLASSPATH Setting, Making JAR Files for Library Packages, Import and Static Import Conventions, Exception Handling Concept, Exceptions and Errors, Types of Exceptions, Control Flow in Exceptions, JVM Reaction to Exceptions, Try Catch Finally Blocks, Throw and Throws Keywords, Checked and Unchecked Exceptions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Servlets Overview and Architecture",
        "content": "Setting Up Apache Tomcat Server, Handling HTTP GET Requests, Deploying Web Applications, Multitier Applications, Using JDBC from Servlet, Java Server Pages (JSP) Overview, JSP Implicit Objects, JSP Scripting, JSP Standard Actions and Directives, Applets and Multimedia Image Loading and Scaling, Animating Series of Images, Playing Audio Clips"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Concept of Threading",
        "content": "Multi-Threaded Programming Needs, Thread Priorities, Synchronizing Threads, Inter-Thread Communication, Critical Factor in Threads and Deadlock, Event Handling Mechanisms, Delegation Event Model, Event Sources, Event Listeners, MouseEvent Class, JDBC Architecture and Drivers, CRUD Operations Using JDBC, Connecting to Non-Conventional Databases"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Python Data Types",
        "content": "Python Lists, Conditional Statements, Python Functions, Python Packages, NumPy, Matplotlib, Control Flow in Python, Pandas"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Naughton & Schildt, The Complete Reference Java 2, Tata McGraw Hill",
      "Deitel, Java- How to Program, Pearson Education",
      "Horstmann & Cornell, Core Java 2, Sun Microsystems",
      "Ivor Horton's Beginning Java 2, JDK 5 Ed., Wiley India",
      "Russell, Java Programming for the Absolute Beginners, PHI Learning",
      "Mark Lutz, Learning Python, 5th Edition, O'Reilly Media, 2013",
      "Wes McKinney, Python for Data Analysis, O'Reilly Media, 2012"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Database Management Systems": {
    "code": "CSL 301",
    "title": "Database Management Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Student will be able to design and develop database using ER model with various SQL constraints and apply normalization for consistency in database.",
      "Student will be able to write queries using relational algebra, tuple and domain relational calculus, and SQL to retrieve information from database based on data centric applications.",
      "Student will be able to analyze and apply the concept of storage management and query processing to fine tune the performance of database at the time of information retrieval.",
      "Student will be able to analyze and apply the conception of transaction processing, concurrency control and recovery mechanism in database."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Database System Concepts and Architecture",
        "content": "Concept of Relational Database, Relational Data Model, Relational Algebra, SQL Standard, ER Model, EER Model"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Functional Dependencies",
        "content": "Database Normalization, Relational Database Design Algorithms, Practical Database Design, Denormalization, Relational Constraints, Programmatic Way for Implementing Constraints, Database Triggers, Chase Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Physical Database Design",
        "content": "Physical Hierarchy, Logical Hierarchy, Cluster Storage Structures, Index Organized Table, Partitions, Table Storage Parameters, Block Storage Parameters, Index Concepts, B-Trees Indexing, Hash Indexing, Function Indexing, Bitmap Indexing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Database Process Management",
        "content": "Database Memory Management, Database Buffer Management, Log Buffer Management, Two-Tier Architecture, N-Tier Architecture, Data Dictionary, Catalog Information, Database Recovery Techniques, ARIES Recovery Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Query Optimization",
        "content": "Performance Tuning, Strong Equivalence, Weak Equivalence, Cost-Based Optimization, Storage Structures in Query Optimization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Transaction Processing",
        "content": "System Concepts, Desirable Properties of Transaction, Schedules and Recoverability, Serializability of Schedules, Concurrency Control, Lock-Based Protocols, Timestamp-Based Protocols, Read Consistency"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Fundamentals of Database Systems: Elmasiri and Navathe, Addisson Wesley, 2000",
      "Principles of Database Systems: Ullman, Golgotia Publications 1988"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer Networks": {
    "code": "CSL 302",
    "title": "Computer Networks",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyse various issues and their solutions at different layers of network architecture",
      "Design and develop various networking algorithms",
      "Apply networking protocols on a given network to analyze their working",
      "Apply networking concepts to build real world networking systems using most important protocols in use today"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Computer Networks",
        "content": "Network Architecture Layering, Protocol Architecture, Internet Architecture, Implementing Network Software, Socket Application Programming Interface, Delay x Bandwidth Product"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Classes of Links",
        "content": "Network Framing, Error Detection, Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), Internet Checksum Algorithm, Reliable Transmission, Stop-and-Wait, Sliding Window, Ethernet (802.3), Multiple Access Networks, Wi-Fi (802.11)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Datagram Switching",
        "content": "Virtual Circuit Switching, Bridges, LAN Switches, Basic Internetworking (IP), Internetwork Global Addresses, Datagram Forwarding in IP, Subnetting, Classless Addressing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Address Translation (ARP)",
        "content": "Host Configuration (DHCP), Error Reporting (ICMP), Virtual Networks and Tunnels, Distance-Vector Routing (RIP), Link-State Routing (OSPF), Routing Areas, Interdomain Routing (BGP)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Simple Demultiplexer (UDP)",
        "content": "Reliable Byte Stream (TCP), End-to-End Issues, TCP Segment Format, Connection Establishment and Termination, TCP Sliding Window, Triggering Transmission, Adaptive Retransmission, TCP Congestion Control, Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease, Slow Start, Fast Retransmission, Fast Recovery, Resource Allocation in TCP"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Application Protocols Introduction",
        "content": "Electronic Mail (SMTP, MIME, IMAP), World Wide Web (HTTP), Name Service (DNS)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Larry L. Peterson, Bruce S. Davie, Computers Networks: A systems approach, Morgan Kaufmann, 5th Edition."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Tanenbaum A. S, Computer Networks, PHI",
      "James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross: Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 3rd Edition.",
      "William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications, PHI 6th Edition",
      "Behrouz A Forouzan, Data Communication and Networking, 4th Edition",
      "Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley 4th Edition",
      "Douglas Comer, Computer Networks and Internets, Addison Wesley 2nd Edition",
      "Peterson, Simon, Computer Networks: A Systems Approach, Pearson Education, Asia"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Theory of Computation": {
    "code": "CSL 303",
    "title": "Theory of Computation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Solve computational problems based on computability and complexity.",
      "Design computational models for various grammar and languages.",
      "Prove the grammar, language, and automata by using formal mathematical methods.",
      "Apply the concepts of theory of computation in developing engineering applications such as compiler design."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Preliminaries",
        "content": "Preliminaries - Sets, Operations, Relations, Transitive Closure, Countability and Diagonalisation, Induction and Proof Methods, Pigeon-Hole Principle and Simple Applications, Concept of Language, Grammars and Production Rules, Chomsky Hierarchy"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2",
        "content": "Regular Grammars, Deterministic Finite Automata, Non-Determinism, Conversion to Deterministic Automata, E-Closures, Minimization of Automata"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": "Regular Expressions, Regular Sets, Pumping Lemma for Regular Sets, Closure Properties of Regular Sets, Decision Properties for Regular Sets"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4",
        "content": "Context-Free Languages, Parse Trees and Ambiguity, Reduction of CFGs, Chomsky and Griebach Normal Forms, Push-Down Automata (PDA), Non-Determinism, Acceptance by Two Methods and Their Equivalence, CFLs and PDAs, Pumping Lemma for Context-Free Languages, Closure and Decision Properties of CFLs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Turing Machines Variants, Recursively Enumerable (r.e.) Sets, Recursive Sets, TM as Computer of Function, Decidability and Solvability, Halting Problem, Reductions, Post Correspondence Problem (PCP), Unsolvability of Ambiguity Problem of CFGs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6",
        "content": "Primitive Recursive and Partial Recursive Functions, Church-Turing Thesis, Convergence of Viewpoints of What 'Computability' is: Semi-Formal Treatment"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Martin John, Introduction to languages and the theory of computation, TM",
      "Hotwani Hopcroft, Ullman, Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and computation, Pearson Education"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Michael Sipser, Introduction to the theory of Computation, 3rd edition, Cengage Learning"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Compilers": {
    "code": "CSL 304",
    "title": "Compilers",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify the parsing and grammar transformation techniques in the phases of compiler design.",
      "Analyse the lexical, syntactic and semantic structures of a language.",
      "Design a scanner, parser, and semantic analyser for language translation.",
      "Design a language by applying the concepts of language processor."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Compilers and Translators",
        "content": "Phase Structure of Typical Compiler, Number of Passes, Lexical Analysis Overview, Syntax Analysis Overview, Code Optimization Overview, Code Generation Overview, Design of Lexical Analyzer"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Role of Lexical Analyzer",
        "content": "Recognition of Tokens, Specifying Lexical Analyzers Language, Design of Lexical Analyzer Generator, Study of Lex Tool"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Syntax Specification of Programming Languages",
        "content": "Design of Top-Down Parser, Bottom-Up Parsing Technique, LR Parsing Algorithm, Design of SLR Parsers, Design of LALR Parsers, Design of LR Parsers, Dealing with Ambiguity of Grammar, Syntax Directed Definitions, Syntax Directed Translation Schemes, Translation of Expressions, Translation of Control Structures, Translation of Declarations, Translation of Procedure Calls"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Storage Allocation",
        "content": "Run Time Storage Administration, Symbol Table Management, Error Detection and Recovery, Error Recovery in LR Parsing, Error Recovery in LL Parsing, Automatic Error Recovery in YACC"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Important Code Optimization Techniques",
        "content": "Loop Optimization, Control Flow Analysis, Data Flow Analysis, Setting Up Data Flow Equations, Computing Reaching Definitions, Available Expressions, Live Variables, Problems in Code Generation, Simple Code Generator, Code Generation from DAG, Peephole Optimization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Assembler Concepts",
        "content": "Single Pass Assembler Design, Two Pass Assembler Design, Forward Reference Concept, Design of Output File of Assembler, Macro Concept, Macro Call Within Macro, Macro Definition Within Macro, Recursive Macro Calls, Design of Macro Processor"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Principles of Compiler Design: Aho A. V., Ullman J. D., Addison Wesley."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Principles and practice of compiler writing : Aho, Sethi , Ullman , Addison Wesley",
      "Compiler Design in C : Alan Holub , PHI",
      "Crafting a compiler : Fischer and LeBlanc , Addison Wesley"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Cryptography and Network Security": {
    "code": "CSL 305",
    "title": "Cryptography and Network Security",
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognizing the fundamentals of cryptography, types of cryptosystems, digital certifications and control mechanisms.",
      "To analyse different security methods and protocols related to network and software's.",
      "To apply safety measures to protect applications and online services from vulnerabilities.",
      "To create an application resisting different types of online and offline attacks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Classical Ciphers",
        "content": "Affine Cipher, Playfair Cipher, Hill Cipher, Modern Block and Stream Ciphers, DES Algorithm, AES Algorithm, RC4 Stream Cipher, A5/1 Cipher, Block Modes of Operation, ECB Mode, CBC Mode, CFB Mode, OFB Mode, CTR Mode"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Asymmetric Key Cryptosystems",
        "content": "RSA Cryptosystem, Digital Signatures, Digital Signature Standard (DSS), Hash Functions, Message Authentication Code (MAC), SHA-512 Hash Function"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Key Management",
        "content": "Digital Certificates, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), Authentication Protocols, One-Way Authentication, Mutual Authentication, Dictionary Attacks, Centralized Authentication, Needham-Schroeder Protocol, Kerberos Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Network Layer Security",
        "content": "IPSec Protocol, Transport Layer Security, SSL/TLS, Non-Cryptographic Protocol Vulnerabilities, Denial of Service (DoS), Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), Session Hijacking, Session Spoofing, ARP Spoofing, Attacks on DNS"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Software Vulnerabilities",
        "content": "Phishing Attacks, Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities, Cross Site Scripting (XSS), SQL Injection, Viruses, Worms, Internet Scanning Worms, Mobile Malware, Botnets"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Access Control in Operating Systems",
        "content": "Discretionary Access Control (DAC), Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), SELinux, RFIDs Security, E-Passports Security, Electronic Payment Security"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Forouzan, Cryptography and Network Security, TMH",
      "Bernard Menezes, Network Security and Cryptography, Cengage",
      "Radia Perlman Network Security: Private Communication in a Public World, Prentice Hall 2002"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Bruce Schneier Applied Cryptography, 2nd Edition John Wiley & Sons 1996",
      "Douglas Stinson Cryptography Theory and Practice CRC Press 1995",
      "Alfred Menezes, Paul van Oorschot, Scott Vanstone Handbook of Applied Cryptography CRC Press 1997",
      "Pfleeger and Pfleeger, Security in Computing, Pearson"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Mathematics in Data Science": {
    "code": "MAL 304",
    "title": "Mathematics in Data Science",
    "outcomes": [
      "Interpretation and visualization of quantitative data using open source tool like R",
      "Compute and interpret the results of Bivariate and Multivariate Regression",
      "Formulate an appropriate null and alternative hypothesis.",
      "Perform test of Hypothesis for decision making and validation.",
      "Apply these tools and techniques to real world problems/case studies in the areas"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Descriptive Statistics",
        "content": "graphical representation of the data, measures of, locations and variability."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Regression analysis",
        "content": "Simple linear regression, multivariate regression, Reminder on probability, The regression model with one variable, The general linear model, Inference in the linear model, Regression diagnostics tools, One factor ANOVA."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Sampling Distributions",
        "content": "Distributions of the sample mean and the sample, variance for a normal population, Chi-Square, t and F distributions, problems."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Testing of Hypotheses",
        "content": "Null and alternative hypotheses, the critical and acceptance, regions, two types of error, power of the test, the most powerful test, tests for proportions."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Estimation",
        "content": "Unbiasedness, consistency, the method of moments and the method of, maximum likelihood estimation, confidence intervals for parameters in one sample and two sample problems of normal populations, confidence intervals for proportions, problems."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Linear vector spaces",
        "content": "subspaces, linear dependence/independence, bases and, dimensions, range space and rank, null space and nullity, Rank nullity theorem. Linear transformations, matrix representation of a linear transformation, applications of linear transformations in computer graphics. Eigenvalue problems. Matrix norms and condition number."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Inner product spaces",
        "content": "norm, orthonormal sets, Gram Schmidt orthogonalisation, process. Numerical Techniques: Differentiation, integration, root finding, solving linear system of equations (iterative methods). Examples. Probability Theory:"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: & 4:Random variables",
        "content": "discrete and continuous random variables, probability, density function; probability distribution function for discrete and continuous random variable, joint distributions. Definition of mathematical expectation, functions of random variables, the variance and standard deviation, moment generating function, other measures of central tendency. Some special probability distributions like Binomial, Geometric, Poisson and Normal distribution. Correlation and regression. Optimization:"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Classification and general theory of optimization; Linear programming (LP):, formulation and geometric ideas, Simplex algorithm (Big M and Two phase method), duality and primal dual method, sensitivity analysis. Some practical Applications"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Introduction to Gaming": {
    "code": "CSL 106",
    "title": "Introduction to Gaming",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand basic principles of Game Design and Game Design Process.",
      "Understand importance of standards for good quality code and testing and the basics of display technology, Software Development Kit (SDK), Application Programming Interface (API).",
      "Understand basic design guidelines for gaming application, industry wide best practices and various ways in game to grabs inputs from various devices."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Core Game Design Principles",
        "content": "Gameplay Concepts, Game Specification Document, Hardware Abstraction Layer, Problem Domain in Games, Thinking in Game Tokens"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Gaming Technology Overview",
        "content": "Blue-Sky Research, Object Technology in Games, Software Building Bricks Reusability, Game Architecture Tier System"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Game Development Process",
        "content": "Game Code Quality, Coding Priorities, Module Completion Debugging, Display Technologies, 2D and 3D Display Mixing, DirectX Technology, Game User Interface Code, Resource Caching, Game Main Loop"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Smart Pointers in Games",
        "content": "Naked Pointers, Game Memory Management, Game Scripting Languages, Creating Game Projects, Source Code Repositories, Game Version Control, Device State Retrieval, Mouse Input Programming, Joystick Input Programming, Keyboard Input Programming, Game UI Components"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Game Architecture and Programming, Shankarmani, Jain, Sinha, Wiley Publication, India",
      "Fundamentals of Game Design, 3rd Edition, Ernest Adams, Pearson Publication"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Game Theory: An Introduction, E. N. Barron, Wiley Student Edition.",
      "ActionScript 3.0 Game Programming University, 2nd Edition, Gary Rosenzweig, Pearson Education.",
      "Game Architecture and Design, Andrew Rollings and Dave Morris",
      "Professional Game Programming, Mike McShaffry, Dreamtech Press."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Introduction to HCI": {
    "code": "CSL 107",
    "title": "Introduction to HCI",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the Principles of HCI",
      "Apply User-Centered Design Methods",
      "Evaluate and Critique Interfaces",
      "Design and Develop Usable Interfaces",
      "Understand Ethical and Social Implications"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: HCI Definition",
        "content": "Disciplines in HCI, Importance of HCI Study, Psychology of Everyday Things, Principles of HCI, User-Centred Design Principles"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Human Input-Output Channels",
        "content": "Human Memory Structure, Human Thinking and Reasoning, Problem Solving Psychology, Human Emotions, Individual Differences in Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Interaction Models",
        "content": "Ergonomics Principles, Interaction Styles, WIMP Interface, Interactivity Principles, Context of Interaction, User Experience (UX), Paradigms of Interactions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Interaction Design Process",
        "content": "Software Design Process User Focus, Design Scenarios, Navigation Design, Screen Layout Design, Prototyping Techniques, Wire-Framing, UI Execution Frameworks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Usability Principles",
        "content": "Interface Design Standards, Design Guidelines, Golden Rules and Heuristics, User Interface Management Systems (UIMS), Evaluation Goals, Evaluation Criteria, Expert Analysis Evaluation, User Participation Evaluation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Goal and Task Hierarchy Model",
        "content": "Linguistic Interaction Model, Physical and Device Models, Cognitive Architectures, Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Diagrammatic Dialog Design Notations, Computer Mediated Communication, Ubiquitous Computing, Future Trends in HCI"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Alan Dix (2008). Human Computer Interaction. Pearson Education. ISBN 978-81-317-1703-5."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Applied Physics for Gaming": {
    "code": "ASL 103",
    "title": "Applied Physics for Gaming",
    "outcomes": [
      "To identify the components of real-time game physics simulation and to analyse different type of Newtonian Mechanics for game.",
      "To develop the fundamental knowledge of projectile and to use kinematic equations to analyse and solve horizontally and angled launched projectile.",
      "To analyse game objects and understand the corresponding collision impulse and momentum principle to produce the desired interactive effect in game.",
      "To analyse and compare gaming mechanics of cars, motorcycles, boat, buoyancy and things that float.",
      "To analyse the external physics of Airplanes, Rockets and Missiles"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Game Physics Realism",
        "content": "Physics Concepts and Game Performance, Newton's Three Laws of Motion, Force Vectors, Gravitational Force, Friction Force, Centripetal Force, Force Balance Diagrams, Work Energy Power Conservation, Translational Equations of Motion, Rotational Motion and Torque, Angular Acceleration, 2D Particle Kinematics, 3D Particle Kinematics, Rigid Body Centre of Mass, Rolling Motion Physics, Bowling Ball Kinematics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Projectile Properties",
        "content": "Gravity-Only Trajectory Model, Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient, Wind Effects on Projectiles, Magnus Spin Effect, Cannon Ball Trajectories, Bullet Physics, Arrow Trajectories"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Linear Impulse and Momentum",
        "content": "Angular Impulse and Momentum, Elastic Collisions, Inelastic Collisions, Coefficient of Restitution, Collision Direction Detection, Collisions with Movable Objects, Collisions with Immovable Objects, Collisions with Friction, 2D and 3D Collisions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Engine Torque and Power",
        "content": "Gear Shifting Mechanics, Manual and Automatic Transmission Physics, Vehicle Cornering Dynamics, Boat Hull Force Diagrams, Buoyancy and Density Physics, Propeller Dynamics, Skin Friction Drag, Form Drag, Powerboat Turning Physics, Sailing Physics, Surfing Wave Physics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Airplane Terminology",
        "content": "Airfoil Lift Evaluation, Center of Pressure, Jet Engine Thrust, Total Drag Equation, Aircraft Stability, Dynamic Stability, Rocket Engines Types, Specific Impulse, Rocket Altitude Drag Effects, Circular and Elliptical Orbits, Escape Velocity, Multi-Stage Rocket Physics"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Physics for Game Programmers, Grant Palmer, Apress publishers, (2005)",
      "Fundamental Physics, Halliday – Resnick, 8th Edtion, Weiley (2009)",
      "Game Physics, David H. Eberly, Morgan Kaufmann publications, Second Edition (2010)",
      "Classical Mechanics, Herbert Goldstein, 3rd Edition, Addison-Wesley (2002)"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Game Physics Engine Development, Ian Millington, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2nd Edition, CRC press, 2010",
      "Mathematics and Physics for Programmers, John Patrick Flynt & Danny Kodicek, Course Technology, 2012.",
      "Mechanics, Keith R. Symon, 3rd Edition, Addison-Wesley, (1971)",
      "Advanced Physics, M. Nelkon, P. Parker, 7th Edition, Heinemann Educational Books (1970)."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Game Development Design Thinking": {
    "code": "CSL 108",
    "title": "Game Development Design Thinking",
    "outcomes": [
      "To analyse the various design techniques",
      "To develop design methodology by using different technique",
      "Apply reverse engineering to determine the construct of product",
      "To draw the technical drawing for the design of game"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Product Life Cycle",
        "content": "Design Ethics, Four-Step Design Process, Five-Step Design Process, Twelve-Step Design Process, Creativity and Innovation in Design, Design Limitations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Creative Thinking Methods",
        "content": "Generating Design Ideas, Lateral Thinking, Design Analogies, Brainstorming, Mind Mapping, Nominal Group Technique, Synectics, Analytical Thinking"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Reverse Engineering Principles",
        "content": "Reasons for Reverse Engineering, Reverse Engineering Step by Step Case Study"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Communication Through Drawing",
        "content": "Drawing Line Basics, Shape and Form, Value and Colour, Texture Representation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: One Point Perspective Drawing",
        "content": "Two Point Perspective Drawing, Isometric Technical Drawing, Orthographic Drawing, Sectional Views Drawing"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Everett N McKay, UI is Communication: How to Design Intuitive, User Centered Interfaces by Focusing on Effective Communication, 2013.",
      "Don Norman, The Design of Everyday Things: Revised and Expanded Edition, 2013.",
      "Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability, 2nd ed., 2005",
      "Jesse James Garrett, The Elements of User Experience: User-Centered Design for the Web and Beyond, 2nd ed, 2010."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Russ Unger, A Project Guide to UX Design, 2nd ed., 2012.",
      "Jeff Johnson, Designing with the Mind in Mind, 2014",
      "Chris Nodder, Evil by Design: Interaction Design to Lead Us into Temptation, 2013.",
      "Jon Yablonski, Laws of UX: Using Psychology to Design Better Products & Services 1st Edition, 2020.",
      "Andrew Couldwell, Laying The Foundations: How to Design Websites and Products Systematically, 2020."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Applied Electronics": {
    "code": "ECL 103",
    "title": "Applied Electronics",
    "outcomes": [],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Theory of P-N Junction Diode",
        "content": "Junction Transistors Operating Principles, BJT Static Characteristics, Breakdown Voltages, Current Voltage Power Limitations, Field Effect Transistor, MOSFET Operating Principles, MOSFET Characteristics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Diode Rectifiers",
        "content": "Zener Diode Regulators, BJT Biasing Arrangements, Biasing Stability Factor, Small Signal BJT Analysis, High Frequency BJT Analysis, Power Amplifiers, Push Pull Configuration, Complementary Symmetry, Feedback Amplifiers, RC Oscillators, LC Oscillators, Crystal Oscillators"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: K-Map Logic Minimization",
        "content": "Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Decoders, Encoders, Adders, Combinational Multiplier, Code Converters, Basic Latches, Master-Slave Latch, Flip Flops, Storage Registers, Counters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Programmable Logic Array (PLA)",
        "content": "Programmable Array Logic (PAL), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Logic Devices (PLD), FPGAs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Microprocessor Architecture",
        "content": "Bus Structure, Timing Diagrams, T-States, Machine Cycle, Instruction Cycle, Memory Interfacing, I/O Interfacing"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [
      "Electronic devices and circuit theory / Robert L. Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky",
      "Milman and Halkias, Integrated Electronics, Second Edition, 2011, McGraw Hill.",
      "Digital Design by M. Morris Mano and Michael D. Ciletti",
      "Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085 by Ramesh Gaonkar"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Gamification for Learning": {
    "code": "CSL 211",
    "title": "Gamification for Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "To conceptualization the gamification and its usages in different contexts.",
      "Identify major patterns of relevant case studies and summarize them effectively.",
      "Apply management approach towards problem-solving."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Why Games and Gamification and Simulations for Learning",
        "content": "Choosing Between Game Gamification and Simulation, Interactive Learning Event Creation, Engagement and Fun Principles"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Foundational Gamification Elements",
        "content": "Narrative and Storytelling Importance, Engagement and Flow Theory, User Perception of Gamification"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Gamification Idea Sources",
        "content": "Game Storyboarding Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Gamification Theory",
        "content": "Gamification Framework, Gamification Strategy, Legal and Ethical Issues, Effects of Gamification"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Mobile Cricket U Gamification Case Study",
        "content": "Serious Games for Negotiation, Structural Gamification for On-Boarding, Medical Simulation Games, Financial Game-Based Learning"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Karl M. Kapp, The Gamification of Learning and Instruction Fieldbook: Ideas into Practice, Wiley, 2013.",
      "Sangkyun Kim, Gamification in Learning and Education: Enjoy Learning Like Gaming, Springer, 2017."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Yu-Kai Chou, Actionable Gamification. Beyond Points, Badges, and Leaderboards, 2014."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Computer Architecture and Organization": {
    "code": "CSL 212",
    "title": "Computer Architecture and Organization",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify the various components for the construction of CPU.",
      "Design arithmetic operations for the construction of CPU.",
      "Analyze and design control unit for the CPU.",
      "Analyze and design memory mapping for the storage requirements of CPU.",
      "Analyze and evaluate the performance of CPU through system hardware and pipelining."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Basic Functional Blocks of Computer",
        "content": "CPU Instruction Set Architecture, Instruction Execution Cycle, Register Transfer Language (RTL) Interpretation, CPU Addressing Modes, CPU Case Studies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Signed Number Representation",
        "content": "Fixed and Floating Point Representation, Integer Ripple Carry Adder, Carry Look-Ahead Adder, Booth Multiplier, Non-Restoring Division, Restoring Division"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Hardwired Control Unit Design",
        "content": "Micro-programmed Control Unit Design, Amdahl's Law, MIPS Performance Measure, Single Cycle Datapath Design, Multicycle Datapath Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Pipelined Datapath",
        "content": "Pipelined Control, Structural Pipeline Hazards, Data Pipeline Hazards, Control/Branch Pipeline Hazards, Forwarding and Stalling Techniques, Branch Prediction, Exception Handling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Semiconductor Memory Technologies",
        "content": "Memory Interleaving, Cache Memory Concepts, Cache Mapping Functions, Cache Replacement Algorithms, Cache Write Policies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Programmed I/O Transfers",
        "content": "Interrupt-Driven I/O Transfers, Direct Memory Access (DMA), Software Interrupts and Exceptions, Pipeline Throughput and Speedup"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Patterson, David A., and John L. Hennessy. Computer organization and design ARM edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2016.",
      "Parhami, Behrooz. Computer architecture. Oxford University Press, 2005.",
      "Baer, Jean-Loup. Microprocessor architecture: from simple pipelines to chip multiprocessors. Cambridge University Press, 2009."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Hamacher, Carl et al. Computer Architecture. McGraw Hill, 2002."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Human Computer Interaction": {
    "code": "CSL 432",
    "title": "Human Computer Interaction",
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognize the requirements of designing the user centered and highly usable software systems.",
      "Contribute and apply the advancement of Human Computer Interaction theory and practice.",
      "Evaluate methods, quality factors, and data analysis techniques.",
      "Analyze interaction problems from a technical, cognitive, and functional perspective."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: User Experience Concepts",
        "content": "Interaction Design Process, Goals of User Experience, Conceptual Models in HCI, Interface Metaphors, Interaction Types, Cognitive Aspects of HCI, Cognitive Frameworks, Social Interaction, Emotional Interaction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Types of Interfaces",
        "content": "Natural User Interfaces (NUI), Data Gathering Techniques, Data Recording, Interviews, Questionnaires, Observation, Qualitative Analysis, Quantitative Analysis, Theoretical Frameworks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Establishing HCI Requirements",
        "content": "Task Description, Task Analysis, Physical Design, Design Scenarios, Prototypes in Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Interaction Design Basics",
        "content": "Interface Design Rules, Software Lifecycle in HCI, Universal Design Principles, Multimodal Interaction, Design for Diversity, GOMS Model"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Goals of Evaluation",
        "content": "Expert Analysis Evaluation, User Participation Evaluation, Evaluation Frameworks, Observing Users, Testing Users, HCI Case Studies"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Sharp, H., Rogers, Y., and Preece, J, Interaction Design: Beyond Human Computer Interaction, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.",
      "Alan Dix, Janet E. Finlay, Gregory D. Abowd and Russell Beale, Human Computer Interaction, Pearson, Third Edition, 2004."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Wilbert O. Galitz, The Essential Guide to User Interface Design, Third Edition, John Wiley Sons, 2002.",
      "Benyon, D., Turner, P., and Turner, S, Designing Interactive Systems, Addison-Wesley, 2005."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Software Engineering and Game Testing": {
    "code": "CSL 213",
    "title": "Software Engineering and Game Testing",
    "outcomes": [
      "To look at the large scale software development from a broader perspective, and function in multidisciplinary teams.",
      "To apply knowledge gained in the course to practical software development situations in methodical way.",
      "To design software systems to meet desired needs with realistic constraints",
      "To communicate effectively in software development activities.",
      "To get an idea about contemporary issues in Software development and engage in life-long learning, understand professional and ethical responsibility."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Capability Maturity Model (CMM)",
        "content": "Software Process Models, Agile Development View, Project Scheduling, Risk Management, System Engineering Modeling, Business Process Requirement Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Software Design Abstraction",
        "content": "Software Architecture Patterns, Information Hiding, Design Classes, Code Refactoring, Web Application Design, User Interface Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Game Quality Factors",
        "content": "Game Quality Appraisal, Game UI Standards, Game Quality Measurements, Pre-production Test Phase, Alpha Testing, Beta Testing, Gold Testing, Release Certification"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Black Box Game Testing",
        "content": "White Box Game Testing, Build Lifecycle, Writing Bug Reports, Test Progress Metrics, Combinatorial Testing Templates, Combinatorial Economics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Test Flow Diagrams (TFD)",
        "content": "Data Dictionary Applications, Cleanroom Testing, Ad Hoc Testing, Gameplay Testing, Defect Triggers, Regression Testing, Capture/Playback Automation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Game Testing: All in One by Charles Schultz and R. Bryant.",
      "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach by Roger Pressman; Tata-McGraw Hill"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Software Engineering by Ian Sommerville; Pearson Ed.",
      "Game Development Essentials: Game QA & Testing by Luis Levy and Jeannie Novak"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "UI and UX Design": {
    "code": "CSL 306",
    "title": "UI and UX Design",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply the methodology of user experience in the design of UX",
      "Develop an user specific UX design for web, mobile and tablets",
      "Apply the concept of user interface in the design of UI.",
      "Develop web, mobile and tables based application with good UI design",
      "Design and develop user centric applications based in the UX and UI design concepts."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: UX Design Thinking",
        "content": "User Centered Design Principles, Feature Prioritization, Process Models (Waterfall, Agile, Scrum), User Experience Research Methods, User Personas Creation, Scenario Creation, Empathy Mapping, Affinity Mapping, User Interviews, Stakeholder Interviews, Survey Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Competitor Analysis",
        "content": "User Centered Analysis, Heuristic Analysis, Task Flow Evaluation, Google Analytics in UX, Intuitive and Persuasive Design Strategy, User Entry Points, Content Strategy, Low Fidelity Sketching, Paper Prototyping, Site Maps, Information Architecture, Navigational Models, Mental Models, Early Usability Testing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Customer Experience Framework",
        "content": "High Fidelity Models, UX Workflows, Web Mobile and Tablet Prototyping, Interactive Prototyping, Rapid Sprint Prototyping, Minimum Viable Product (MVP), Prototyping Tools (Axure, Balsamiq, Invision), Usability Testing, Remote Usability Testing, Task Grids, Feedback Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Elementor Plugins",
        "content": "No-Code Website Building, Landing Page Design, Typography and Colors in Digital Design, Composition and Contrast, Custom Header and Footer Building, Responsive Web Layouts, Web Animations, Blog Integration, Web SEO, Google Console Integration, Google Analytics Connection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: UI Design Process",
        "content": "Design Psychology, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Storyboard Creation, Color Theory, Layouts, Typography in UI, Infographics, Iconography, Branding Design, Image Editing, Web Template Design, UI Kits and Widgets, High Impact Presentation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Joel Marsh, UX for Beginners, O’Reilly, 2022",
      "Jon Yablonski, Laws of UX using Psychology to Design Better Product & Services O’Reilly 2021",
      "Everett N McKay, UI is Communication: How to Design Intuitive, User Centered Interfaces by Focusing on Effective Communication,",
      "Don Norman, The Design of Everyday Things: Revised and Expanded Edition,",
      "Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability, 2nd ed., 2005",
      "Jesse James Garrett, The Elements of User Experience: User-Centered Design for the Web and Beyond, 2nd ed"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Russ Unger, A Project Guide to UX Design, 2nd ed.",
      "Jeff Johnson, Designing with the Mind in Mind, 2014",
      "Chris Nodder, Evil by Design: Interaction Design to Lead Us into Temptation",
      "Andrew Couldwell, Laying The Foundations: How to Design Websites and Products Systematically",
      "Jenifer Tidwell et al., Designing Interfaces, 3rd Edition, O’Reilly 2020",
      "Steve Schoger, Adam Wathan, Refactoring UI",
      "Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think, Revisited, Third Edition"
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Augmented and Virtual Reality": {
    "code": "CSL 307",
    "title": "Augmented and Virtual Reality",
    "outcomes": [
      "To apply the concepts and perspective of VR/AR landscape i.e. past, present and future for new AR/VR design",
      "To apply the fundamentals of computer vision, computer graphics and human-computer interaction techniques related to VR/AR",
      "To apply the insights to key application areas for VR/AR",
      "Able to design and implement VR/AR experiences"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Virtual Reality (VR) Fundamental Concepts",
        "content": "Components of Virtual Reality, Primary Features of VR, VR Input Interfaces (Trackers, Sensors, Digital Gloves, Movement Capture, Video-based Input, 3D Menus, 3D Scanners), VR Output Interfaces (Visual, Auditory, Haptic Devices)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Computer Graphics Fundamentals in VR",
        "content": "Stereoscopic Display Software and Hardware, Management of Large Scale Environments, Real Time Rendering Techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Body Tracking",
        "content": "Hand Gesture Interaction, 3D Manus Navigation, Virtual Object Grasping"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: VR Software Development Tool Frameworks",
        "content": "X3D Standard, Vega, MultiGen, Virtools"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: VR in Film and TV Production",
        "content": "VR in Physical Exercises, VR in Gaming, Digital Entertainment VR Demonstrations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Augmented and Mixed Reality Taxonomy",
        "content": "Features of Augmented Reality, AR vs VR Comparison, Challenges with AR, AR System Functionality, Visualization Techniques for AR, Wireless Displays in Educational AR, Mobile Projection Interfaces, Marker-Less AR Tracking, Enhancing Interactivity in AR, AR Systems Evaluation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. Schmalstieg and T. Höllerer. Augmented Reality: Principles and Practice. Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2016",
      "Steven M. LaValle. Virtual Reality. Cambridge University Press",
      "Burdea, G. C. and P. Coffet. Virtual Reality Technology, Second Edition. Wiley-IEEE Press",
      "Alan B. Craig, Understanding Augmented Reality, Concepts and Applications, Morgan Kaufmann, 2013",
      "Kelly S. Hale, Kay M. Stanney. Handbook of Virtual Environments, Second Edition"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Alan Craig et al., Developing Virtual Reality Applications, Morgan Kaufmann",
      "Jason Jerald. The VR Book: Human-Centered Design for Virtual Reality"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer Vision Techniques": {
    "code": "CSL 308",
    "title": "Computer Vision Techniques",
    "outcomes": [
      "identify basic concepts, models and methods in the field of computer vision",
      "assess which methods to use for solving a given problem, and analyse the accuracy of the methods",
      "develop and apply computer vision techniques for solving real world problems",
      "choose appropriate image processing methods for image filtering, image restoration, image reconstruction, segmentation, classification and representation"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Fundamentals of Image Formation",
        "content": "Orthogonal Transformation, Euclidean Transformation, Affine Transformation, Projective Transformation, Image Fourier Transform, Spatial Convolution and Filtering, Image Enhancement, Image Restoration, Histogram Processing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Perspective Geometry",
        "content": "Binocular Stereopsis, Camera and Epipolar Geometry, Homography, Image Rectification, Direct Linear Transform (DLT), RANSAC Algorithm, 3D Reconstruction Framework, Camera Auto-calibration"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Canny Edge Detector",
        "content": "LOG Edge Detector, DOG Edge Detector, Hough Transform Line Detection, Harris Corner Detector, Hessian Affine Corner Detector, Orientation Histogram, SIFT Feature Descriptor, SURF Feature Descriptor, HOG Descriptor, GLOH Descriptor, Image Pyramids, Gaussian Derivative Filters, Gabor Filters, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Region Growing Segmentation, Edge Based Segmentation, Graph-Cut Segmentation, Mean-Shift Segmentation, Markov Random Fields (MRFs), Texture Segmentation, Object Detection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Background Subtraction and Modeling",
        "content": "Optical Flow Computation, Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) Feature Tracker, Spatio-Temporal Motion Analysis, Dynamic Stereo, Motion Parameter Estimation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Light at Surfaces Physics",
        "content": "Phong Reflection Model, Reflectance Map, Albedo Estimation, Photometric Stereo, Surface Smoothness Constraint, Shape from Texture, Shape from Color, Shape from Motion, Shape from Edges"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Richard Szeliski, Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Springer-Verlag London Limited",
      "Computer Vision: A Modern Approach, D. A. Forsyth, J. Ponce, Pearson Education"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Christopher M. Bishop; Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer",
      "Richard Hartley and Andrew Zisserman, Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision, Cambridge University Press",
      "K. Fukunaga; Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition, Academic Press",
      "R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "GPU Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 309",
    "title": "GPU Computing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand GPU architectures, streaming multiprocessors, and memory hierarchies.",
      "Program massively parallel algorithms using CUDA and OpenCL framework.",
      "Optimize data-parallel tasks and GPU memory bandwidth."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Streaming Multi-Processors",
        "content": "GPU Cache Hierarchy, Graphics Pipeline Architecture, CPU vs GPU Architectural Differences"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: CUDA Programming Basics",
        "content": "Thread Organization, Multi-Dimensional Data Mapping, Synchronization, Warp Scheduling, Warp Divergence, Memory Access Coalescing, CUDA Matrix-Matrix Multiplication"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Global GPU Memory",
        "content": "Shared GPU Memory, Texture GPU Memory, Optimizing Reduction Kernels, Kernel Fusion, Thread and Block Coarsening, Shared Memory Optimization, Page-Locked Host Memory, Zero-Copy Host Memory"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: OpenCL Basics",
        "content": "OpenCL vs CUDA Comparison, CPU-GPU Program Partitioning, Efficient Neural Network Training on GPU, Multi-GPU Bandwidth Utilization, Multi-GPU Communication Strategies"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Programming Massively Parallel Processors: A Hands-On Approach, 2nd Edition, David Kirk and Wen-mei Hwu, Publisher: Morgan Kaufman, 2012"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Reference material: CUDA: docs.nvidia.com/cuda"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "2D and 3D Game Development": {
    "code": "CSL 310",
    "title": "2D and 3D Game Development",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop programming skills using software environment of a game engine and its scripting language",
      "Apply the concepts of Object-Oriented principle for efficient game code development.",
      "Design and implement new features and game mechanics for different games.",
      "Create and design game ready 2D and 3D models for different game scenarios.",
      "Create realistic scenes and environments for 2D and 3D games, design, implement and deploy games."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: 2D Game Architecture",
        "content": "3D Game Architecture, Gaming Hardware Requirements, Game Types and Genres, Components in Game, Game Engines Architecture, Geometric Primitives, 2D Linear Transforms, 3D Linear Transforms, Homogeneous Matrices"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Game Design Document (GDD) Sections",
        "content": "Image Formats for Games, Polygon File Formats, Creating Sprites, Character Rigging, Sprite-Sheet Animation, Keyframe Animation, Animation Controllers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Tilemap Levels",
        "content": "Visual Continuity in Tiles, Automatic Object Instantiation, Prefabs, RGB Lighting, Texture Mapping Transparency, Collectibles Logic, Pathfinding and Navigation AI"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Physics Engines Integration",
        "content": "Gravity Simulation, Rigid Body Interactions, Point-Circle-Line Collision Detection, Collision Reactions, Collision Correction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Game Layout UI",
        "content": "Menu Systems, Event System, Audio Assets Mixing, Game Shaders, Platformer Game Mechanics, Rhythm Game Mechanics, Cutscenes Implementation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Particle Systems",
        "content": "Menu UI Design Case Studies, Shape Building Techniques"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "2D Game Development: From Zero To Hero. Penaz, et al. Internet Game Community; eBook",
      "Unity 2D game development. Calabrese, Dave. Packt Publishing",
      "Unity 3.x game development essentials: W. Goldstone, Packt publishing"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Jeremy Gibson Bond, Introduction to Game Design, Prototyping, and Development with Unity, Addison-Wesley",
      "Edward Lavieri, Getting Started with Unity 2018, Packt Publishing",
      "Paris Buttfield-Addison et al., Unity Game Development Cookbook, O'Reilly"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Calculus for Data Science": {
    "code": "MAL 105",
    "title": "Calculus for Data Science",
    "outcomes": [
      "To analyze the nature (convergence or divergence) of a sequence or series.",
      "To apply mean value theorems in the study of motion of an object.",
      "To use integration in the calculation of area, volume, mass, and centre of gravity.",
      "To apply multivariable calculus to study the nature of multivariable functions.",
      "To understand the concept of Differential equation and its application"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sequences of Real Numbers",
        "content": "Series, Ratio Test, Root Test"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Review of Limits",
        "content": "Continuity, Differentiability, Rolle's Theorem, Lagrange's Theorem, Cauchy's Theorem, Taylor's Theorem with Remainders, Indeterminate Forms, Curvature, Curve Tracing, Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus, Mean Value Theorems of Integral Calculus, Evaluation of Definite Integrals, Application to Area, Application to Length, Application to Volume, Application to Surface of Solids of Revolution, Improper Integrals, Beta Functions, Gamma Functions, Differentiation Under Integral Sign"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Limits of Functions of Several Variables",
        "content": "Continuity of Functions of Several Variables, Differentiability of Functions of Several Variables, Partial Derivatives, Geometrical Interpretation of Partial Derivatives, Tangent Plane, Normal Line, Total Differentiation, Chain Rules, Taylor's Formula for Several Variables, Maxima and Minima of Several Variables, Lagrange's Method of Undetermined Multipliers, Double Integrals, Triple Integrals, Jacobian, Change of Order of Integration, Change of Variables in Integration, Application to Area, Application to Volume, Application to Mass, Application to Centre of Gravity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Modelling with Differential Equations",
        "content": "Direction Fields, Euler's Method, Linear Differential Equations, Bernoulli's Differential Equations, Nonlinear Differential Equations, Polar Curves, Angle Between Radius Vector and Tangent, Angle Between Two Curves, Pedal Equations, Curvature and Radius of Curvature (Cartesian Form, Parametric Form, Polar Form, Pedal Form), Center and Circle of Curvature, Evolutes, Involutes"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Kreyszig, E., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Piskunov, N., Differential and Integral calculus, Mir publishers Moscow (Vol. 1, Vol. 2)"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Conversational AI": {
    "code": "CSL 110",
    "title": "Conversational AI",
    "outcomes": [
      "Students will understand the concepts of chatbot designing",
      "Students will be able to build their own chatbots",
      "Students will be able to deploy chatbot for its practical use"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Virtual Assistant and Chatbot Introduction",
        "content": "Chatbot Use Cases, Conversational Design Definition, Conversational Design Process, Designing Conversational Flows, Writing Scripts for Conversation, Dialogflow Introduction, Setting Up Dialogflow"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Interaction Model Agents",
        "content": "Types of Intents, Creating Intents, Training Phrases, Entities Definition and Extraction, Configuring Rich Responses, Small Talk Configuration, Salutations Configuration, Configuring Intents on Google Assistant, Testing Intents on Google Assistant, Working on Connected Flows"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Dialogue Actions and Parameters",
        "content": "Understanding Slot Filling, Context Management, Extended Lead Generation, Linear Dialogue Design, Nonlinear Dialogue Design, Webhook Introduction, Fulfillment Concept"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Fulfillment Using Webhook",
        "content": "Basic Setup of Webhook Code, Extracting Parameter Values, Structuring Responses, Fulfillment Using Cloud Function"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Heroku Introduction",
        "content": "Deploying to Heroku, Deploying on Alexa, Model Re-training, Validation and Testing"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Hands-on chatbot with Google Dialogflow, Loonycorn, O'Reilly, Packt publishing",
      "Hands-on chatbots and conversational UI development, Srini Janarthanam, Packt publishing"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "AI, Ethics and Society": {
    "code": "CSL 111",
    "title": "AI, Ethics and Society",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand the power and impact that analytics and AI/ML have on individuals and society.",
      "To understand the underlying components of big data",
      "To understand and apply basic AI/ML techniques to data scenarios, with a focus on identifying fairness and bias issues.",
      "To utilize tools and methods to quantify bias and examine ways to use algorithmic fairness to mitigate this bias."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Power and Impact of Analytics on Individuals",
        "content": "Impact of AI/ML on Society, Fairness and Bias in AI, Ethics of AI, Legality of AI, Data Collection Practices, Public Data Use Policies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Components of Big Data",
        "content": "Statistical Techniques for Data Scenarios, Issues in Learning from Big Data, Data Biases, Overfitting in Big Data, Causation vs Correlation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Basic AI/ML Techniques for Data Handling",
        "content": "Identification of Fairness and Bias, Decision-Making System Design Issues, Facial Recognition in Social and Legal Context, Natural Language Processing Bias, Predictive Algorithms Bias"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Quantifying Bias",
        "content": "Algorithmic Fairness Methods to Mitigate Bias, Uses of Analytics and AI/ML to Transform Biased Datasets into Objective Solutions"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy by Cathy O'Neil (2016)"
    ],
    "references": [
      "AI ethics by mark Coeckelbergh, MIT Press, 2020.",
      "S.Matthew Liao, Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, Oxford University Press, 2020"
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Probability and Statistics": {
    "code": "MAL 106",
    "title": "Probability and Statistics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Solve problems of basic probability, two types of random variables and their probability functions.",
      "Observe and analyze the behaviour of various discrete and continuous probability distributions.",
      "Formulate an appropriate null and alternative hypothesis. Perform test of Hypothesis for decision making and validation.",
      "Perform Regression and correlation analysis.",
      "Apply sampling distributions to testing of hypotheses."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sample Space and Events",
        "content": "Axioms of Probability, Counting Methods, Tree Diagrams, Conditional Probability, Bayes' Theorem, Bayesian Reasoning, Bayesian Inference, Priors, Conjugate Priors, Discrete Random Variables, Continuous Random Variables, Probability Density Function, Probability Distribution Function, Permutations and Combinations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Mathematical Expectation Definition",
        "content": "Functions of Random Variables, Mean, Raw Moments, Central Moments, Variance and Standard Deviation, Moment Generating Function"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Bernoulli Distribution",
        "content": "Binomial Distribution, Geometric Distribution, Poisson Distribution, Sampling Distribution of Means, Continuous Random Variables, Uniform Distribution, Exponential Distribution, Normal Distribution, Joint Probability Distribution, Linearity of Expectation, Conditional Expectation, Markov's Inequality, Chebyshev's Inequality, Weak Law of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Tests of Hypothesis",
        "content": "Point Estimations, Interval Estimations, Bayesian Estimation, Large Samples, Null Hypothesis, Alternate Hypothesis, Type I Error, Type II Error, Critical Region, Confidence Interval for Mean, Testing of Single Variance, Difference Between Means, Confidence Interval for Proportions, Tests of Hypothesis for Proportions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Simple Linear Regression",
        "content": "Multiple Linear Regression, Estimation of Regression Models, Correlation Coefficients Analysis, Hypothesis Tests for Regression, Curvilinear Regression Models, EWMA Time Series Modeling, Autoregressive (AR) Time Series Modeling"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. K. Murugesan & P. Guru Swamy, Probability & Statistics, Anuradha Publications.",
      "G. S. S. Bhisma Rao, Probability & Statistics for Engineers, Scitech Publications.",
      "Spiegel, Murray, Probability and Statistics, Schaum's series"
    ],
    "references": [
      "K.V. Iyengar & B. Krishna Gandhi, Probability & Statistics, S.Chand.",
      "William Mendenhall et al., Probability & Statistics, Cengage Publications.",
      "P. Billingsley, Probability and Measure, John Wiley & Sons.",
      "W. Feller, An introduction to probability theory and its applications, John Wiley and Sons.",
      "Levin, Rubin, Rastogi, Statistics For Management, 8th edition, Pearson."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Introduction to Linear Algebra": {
    "code": "MAL 107",
    "title": "Introduction to Linear Algebra",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe properties of linear systems using vectors and Solve systems of linear equations and interpret their results",
      "Demonstrate an understanding of linear transformations and Perform and interpret matrix operations",
      "Compute and interpret determinants of matrices and Demonstrate an understanding of vector spaces and sub -spaces",
      "Demonstrate an understanding of eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Vectors",
        "content": "Linear Combinations, Dot Products, Vector Lengths, Matrices, Solving Linear Equations, Gaussian Elimination, Matrix Operation Rules, Inverse Matrices, LU Factorization (A=LU), Transposes, Permutations, Vector Spaces, Subspaces, Nullspace of Matrix, Complete Solution to Ax=b"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linear Independence",
        "content": "Basis and Dimension, Dimensions of Four Subspaces, Vector Orthogonality, Orthogonality of Four Subspaces, Projections, Least Squares Approximations, Orthonormal Bases, Gram-Schmidt Process, Determinant Properties, Permutations and Cofactors, Cramer's Rule, Matrix Inverses, Volumes, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Diagonalizing a Matrix",
        "content": "Systems of Differential Equations, Symmetric Matrices, Positive Definite Matrices, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Bases and Matrices in SVD, Principal Component Analysis (PCA by SVD), Geometry of SVD, Linear Transformations Concept"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Matrix of Linear Transformation",
        "content": "Search for Good Basis, Complex Vectors, Complex Matrices, Complex Numbers, Hermitian Matrices, Unitary Matrices, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Graphs and Networks Applications, Matrices in Engineering, Markov Matrices, Population Models, Linear Programming, Fourier Series"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Numerical Linear Algebra",
        "content": "Gaussian Elimination in Practice, Matrix Norms, Condition Numbers, Iterative Methods and Preconditioners, Covariance Matrices, Joint Probabilities, Multivariate Gaussian Distribution, Weighted Least Squares, Matrix Factorization"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Kenneth Hoffman and Ray Kunze: Linear Algebra, Prentice Hall of India limited, New Delhi, 1971.",
      "Gilbert Strang : Linear Algebra And Its Applications, Nelson Engineering (2007).",
      "Introduction to Linear Algebra: Gilbert Strang"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Gilbert Strang: Introduction to Linear Algebra, Wellesley- Cambridge Press, Fourth Edition, 2011.",
      "Jin Ho Kwak and Sungpyo Hong, Linear Algebra, Springer, Second edition, 2004.",
      "V. Krishnamoorthy et. al., An introduction to linear algebra, New Delhi.",
      "Elementary of Linear Algebra Howard Anton"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Foundations of Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 216",
    "title": "Foundations of Computing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Design an appropriate machine for the recognition of a given language.",
      "Prove the grammar, language, and automata by using formal mathematical methods.",
      "Analyse the lexical, syntactic, and semantic structures of a language.",
      "Design a scanner, parser, and semantic analyzer for language translation."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Concept of Language",
        "content": "Grammars and Production Rules, Chomsky Hierarchy, Regular Grammars, Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA), Non-Determinism in Automata, NFA to DFA Conversion, Epsilon Closures, DFA Minimization, Regular Expressions, Regular Sets, Pumping Lemma for Regular Sets"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Context Free Languages (CFL)",
        "content": "Parse Trees, Ambiguity in CFG, CFG Reduction, Chomsky Normal Form (CNF), Greibach Normal Form (GNF), Pushdown Automata (PDA), Pumping Lemma for Context Free Languages, Closure Properties of CFLs, Turing Machine Introduction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Compiler Phase Structure",
        "content": "Compiler Passes, Lexical Analysis Overview, Syntax Analysis Overview, Code Optimization Overview, Code Generation Overview, Lexical Analyzer Token Recognition, LEX Tool Specification"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Top-Down Parser Design",
        "content": "Bottom-Up Parsing Technique, LR Parsing Algorithm, SLR Parser Design, LALR Parser Design, LR Parsers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Syntax-Directed Definitions (SDD)",
        "content": "Syntax-Directed Translation Schemes (SDT) Framework"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Martin John, Introduction to languages and the theory of computation, TM",
      "Hopcroft, Ullman, Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and computation, Pearson Education",
      "Principles of Compiler Design: Aho A. V., Ullman J. D., Addison Wesley."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Michael Sipser, Introduction to the theory of Computation, 3rd edition, Cengage Learning",
      "Aho, Sethi, Ullman, Principles and practice of compiler writing, Addison Wesley",
      "Alan Holub, Compiler Design in C, PHI",
      "Fischer and LeBlanc, Crafting a compiler, Addison Wesley"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "AI-ML Workshop – I": {
    "code": "CSP 203",
    "title": "AI-ML Workshop – I",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the basics of the Python Programming Language.",
      "Understand Lists, Dictionaries in Python.",
      "Create functions and use recursions in python.",
      "Learn about the NumPy, pandas, NLTK, Scipy libraries in Python"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Structured vs Unstructured Data Characteristics",
        "content": "Balanced vs Unbalanced Datasets, Supervised Data Analysis, Unsupervised Data Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Anaconda Platform Environment",
        "content": "Google Colab Hands-On Practice"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Python Basic Syntax",
        "content": "Python Expressions and Variables, Conditional Blocks (if, else, elif), For Loops in Python, Python Inbuilt Containers (Dictionary, Tuples, Lists, Sets, Maps), Defining and Calling Python Functions, Python Recursion"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: NumPy Array and Matrix Mathematical Operations",
        "content": "Pandas Data Analysis Library, NLTK Text Processing Library, SciPy Scientific Computing Library"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Mark Lutz, Programming Python, 4th Edition.",
      "David M. Beazley, Essential Python Reference.",
      "Robert Johansson, Numerical Python: Scientific Computing and Data Science Applications, Apress, 2019."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Charles Severance, Python for Everybody, 2016.",
      "Brett Slatkin, Effective Python, Pearson, 2015.",
      "Zed A. Shaw, Learn Python The Hard Way, Addison-Wesley."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Introduction to Entrepreneurship": {
    "code": "HUL 103",
    "title": "Introduction to Entrepreneurship",
    "outcomes": [
      "Define entrepreneurship and its association with engineering profession, and create basic understanding of conceiving, creating, and managing an entrepreneurial venture.",
      "Identify various characteristics of Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial culture and India’s status with respect to entrepreneurship development.",
      "Recognize the essential complimentary nature of ethics/ values and creativity for entrepreneurship development",
      "Describe the MSMEs, SEZ and entrepreneurship development schemes and financial resources",
      "Demonstrate broad framework of opportunities for smart entrepreneurial efforts and start -up development"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Evolution of Entrepreneurship Concept",
        "content": "Factors Influencing Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur Characteristics and Types, Social Entrepreneurship, Barriers to Entrepreneurship"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Entrepreneurial Motivation Theory",
        "content": "Achievement Theory, National Entrepreneurial Culture, Make in India Practices, Creativity in Entrepreneurship, Decision Making Steps"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Features",
        "content": "Export-Oriented Units, Small Scale Industries (SSI), Government Support Schemes, Financial Assistance Programs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Smart Entrepreneurial Opportunities",
        "content": "Intellectual Property Rights Management, Social Value Creation, E-Commerce Innovations, Emerging Markets Solutions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Idea Selection Methods",
        "content": "Product Selection Criteria, Project Phases, Project Report Content Preparation, Entrepreneurial Case Studies"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Gordon, E., Natarajan, K., Entrepreneurship development, Himalaya publishing house.",
      "Megginson, W.L., Small business management: an entrepreneur's guidebook."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom, Anchor Books, 1999",
      "Peter Weill, IT Governance, Harvard Business School Press"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Machine Learning": {
    "code": "CSL 422",
    "title": "Machine Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the working of various supervised and unsupervised machine learning models",
      "Apply classification and regression models to solve real world problems.",
      "Apply unsupervised learning to solve real world problems.",
      "Evaluate the performance of various machine learning models."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Machine Learning",
        "content": "Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Inductive Classification"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Representing Concepts as Decision Trees",
        "content": "Recursive Induction of Decision Trees, Best Splitting Attribute Selection, Entropy and Information Gain, Occam's Razor, Overfitting, Noisy Data Pruning"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Artificial Neural Networks Motivation",
        "content": "Linear Threshold Units, Perceptrons Representational Limitations, Gradient Descent Training, Multilayer Networks, Backpropagation Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Support Vector Machines (SVM)",
        "content": "Multiclass Classification, Ordinal Classification, Kernel Methods, Naive Bayes Classifier, Parameter Smoothing, Bayesian Networks, Hidden Markov Models (HMM)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering",
        "content": "K-Means Partitional Clustering, Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm, Soft Clustering, Semi-Supervised Learning with EM"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Evaluating Hypotheses",
        "content": "Training and Testing Splits, K-Fold Cross Validation, Confusion Matrix, Estimating Hypothesis Accuracy, Sample Error, True Error"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "T. M. Mitchell, Machine Learning. McGraw-Hill, 1997.",
      "E. Alpaydin, Introduction to Machine Learning, 3rd ed., PHI Learning."
    ],
    "references": [
      "T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, J. Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning, Springer.",
      "C. Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer.",
      "R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart, D. G. Stork, Pattern Classification, Wiley."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "AI-ML Workshop – II": {
    "code": "CSP 204",
    "title": "AI-ML Workshop – II",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the usage of Scikit Learn python library for Machine Learning Algorithms",
      "Apply the knowledge of Deep learning algorithms for various supervised and unsupervised problems.",
      "Use of effective procedures and tools for data analytics using graphical outcomes.",
      "Apply text representation techniques for Knowledge based systems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Scikit-Learn Library Architecture",
        "content": "Machine Learning Implementation using Scikit-Learn"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: TensorFlow Basics (Tensors",
        "content": "Shapes, Types, Sessions, Operators), TensorFlow Computational Graphs, Deep Learning Model Building in TensorFlow, PyTorch Introduction, Keras Library Architecture, Comparison of Deep Learning Frameworks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Matplotlib Chart Plotting",
        "content": "Visualizing Data Distributions and Outputs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Natural Language Processing Introduction",
        "content": "Word2Vec Model Hands-On, GloVe Model Hands-On, Gensim Library Text Representation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Charu C. Aggarwal, Neural Networks and Deep Learning A Textbook, Springer.",
      "Antonio Gulli, Sujit Pal, Deep Learning with Keras, Packt Publishing.",
      "Sosulski, K. Data Visualization Made Simple, CRC Press, 2018.",
      "Bharath Ramsundar & Reza Bosagh Zadeh, TensorFlow for Deep Learning, O'Reilly."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Seth Weidman, Deep Learning from Scratch, O'Reilly."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Artificial Intelligence": {
    "code": "CSL 421",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply and implement various search techniques to solve real world problems",
      "Apply algorithms for designing games and solving constraint satisfaction problem",
      "Represent knowledge using formal logic and apply algorithms to deuce conclusion",
      "Design and develop practical algorithms for solving planning and uncertainty problems"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: History of AI",
        "content": "Intelligent Agents Structure, Agent Environments, Performance Measures, Rationality, Problem Solving Agents, Problem Formulation, Uninformed Search Strategies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Greedy Best-First Search",
        "content": "A* Search, Memory Bounded Heuristic Search, Admissible Heuristic Functions, Local Search Algorithms, Hill-Climbing, Simulated Annealing, Genetic Algorithms, Online Search"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP)",
        "content": "Backtracking Search for CSP, Variable and Value Ordering, Constraint Propagation, Minimax Algorithm for Games, Alpha-Beta Pruning, Imperfect Real-Time Decisions, Games of Chance"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Knowledge-Based Agents",
        "content": "Propositional Logic, Resolution, Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining, DPLL Algorithm, First Order Logic (FOL) Syntax and Semantics, Unification and Lifting, FOL Forward and Backward Chaining, FOL Resolution"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Language of Planning Problems",
        "content": "Planning with State-Space Search, Forward and Backward State-Space Search, Heuristics for Planning, Partial Order Planning, Planning Graphs, Planning with Propositional Logic"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Handling Uncertain Knowledge",
        "content": "Axioms of Probability, Inference using Full Joint Distributions, Bayes' Rule, Conditional Independence, Bayesian Networks Semantics, Exact and Approximate Inference in Bayesian Networks"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. J. Russell and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Pearson.",
      "D. W. Patterson, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, TMH."
    ],
    "references": [
      "E. Rich, K. Knight, and S. B. Nair, Artificial Intelligence, Tata McGraw-Hill.",
      "N. J. Nilsson, Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis, Morgan Kaufmann."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Natural Language Processing": {
    "code": "CSL 433",
    "title": "Natural Language Processing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyse computational treatments of words, sounds, sentences, meanings, and conversations.",
      "Analyse Knowledge-based and statistical approaches to language processing for syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.",
      "Develop models for Text Processing and Part of Speech Tagging with Hidden Markov Model.",
      "Develop models for information extraction, machine translation, automatic summarization, question answering, and interactive dialog systems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: NLP Syntax Tasks",
        "content": "NLP Semantics Tasks, NLP Pragmatics Tasks, Information Extraction, Question Answering, Machine Translation, Ambiguity Problem, Finite-State Automata in NLP, Regular Expressions for Language Phenomena, Computational Morphology"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Language Models",
        "content": "N-gram Models, Parameter Estimation, Smoothing Techniques, Dynamic Programming Sequence Alignment, Edit Distance Calculation, Context-Free Grammars (CFG) for Language, Chomsky Normal Form, Top-Down Parsing, Bottom-Up Parsing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Lexical Syntax",
        "content": "Hidden Markov Models (HMM), Forward Algorithm, Viterbi Algorithm, Expectation-Maximization Training, Probabilistic Language Modeling, Automatically-Trained Spam Filter, Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging, Penn Treebank Corpus, Brown Corpus, Probabilistic Finite State Automata"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Spelling Correction Systems",
        "content": "Information Retrieval Systems, Vector Representation of Words, Bag of Words Model, Continuous Bag of Words (CBOW) Model, Skip-Gram Model, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) in NLP, Word Sense Disambiguation, Text Summarization Systems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Allen, James, Natural Language Understanding, Second Edition, Benjamin/Cumming, 1995.",
      "Charniack, Eugene, Statistical Language Learning, MIT Press, 1993.",
      "Jurafsky, Dan and Martin, James, Speech and Language Processing, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 2008.",
      "Manning, Christopher, Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing, MIT Press, 1999."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Radford, Andrew et. al., Linguistics, An Introduction, Cambridge University Press, 1999."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Reinforcement Learning": {
    "code": "CSL 454",
    "title": "Reinforcement Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "To incorporate and analyse various elements & characteristics of reinforcement learning",
      "To Formulate decision problems and set up, run, and analyse computational experiments",
      "To Apply reinforcement learning for various real -life problems"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Reinforcement Learning History",
        "content": "Probability Axioms, Random Variables, PMF, PDF, CDF, Expectation, Joint Distributions, Conditional Distributions, Correlation and Independence"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Markov Property",
        "content": "Markov Chains, Markov Reward Process (MRP), Bellman Equations for MRPs, Markov Decision Process (MDP), State Value Functions, Action Value Functions, Bellman Expectation Equations, Bellman Optimality Equations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Dynamic Programming for MDPs",
        "content": "Planning Formulation in MDPs, Principle of Optimality, Iterative Policy Evaluation, Policy Iteration, Value Iteration, Banach Fixed Point Theorem, Contraction Mapping Property of Bellman Operators"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: First Visit Monte Carlo",
        "content": "Every Visit Monte Carlo, Monte Carlo Control, On-Policy Learning, Off-Policy Learning, Importance Sampling, Function Approximation Methods, Gradient MC Algorithm, Semi-Gradient TD(0) Algorithm, Eligibility Trace, Experience Replay in Deep Q-Networks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Policy Gradient Methods",
        "content": "Log-Derivative Trick, REINFORCE Algorithm, Bias and Variance in RL, Variance Reduction in Policy Gradients, Advantage Function, Actor-Critic Methods"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction, Sutton and Barto, 2nd Edition.",
      "Algorithms for Reinforcement Learning. C. Szepesvari. Morgan and Claypool Publishers, 2010"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Reinforcement Learning: State-of-the-Art, Marco Wiering and Martijn van Otterlo, Eds.",
      "Deep Learning, Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Neural Networks and Deep Learning": {
    "code": "CSL 446",
    "title": "Neural Networks and Deep Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "Ability to understand the fundamental concepts of deep neural networks and underlying error convergence algorithms such as backpropagation and gradient descent.",
      "Acquire the depth knowledge of various deep models, architectural aspects, comparative analysis and their applications.",
      "Ability to implement, analyze, optimize deep models or the computer vision and natural language processing tasks.",
      "Ability to apply the advancements of deep models for various problems in different domain."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Neural Network Working Principles",
        "content": "Deep Neural Network Overview, Backpropagation Algorithm, Gradient Descent in Deep Networks, Vectorization Operations, Shallow vs Deep Network Comparisons"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Bias Variance Trade-off",
        "content": "Overfitting Remedies, L1 Regularization, L2 Regularization, Dropout Regularization, Hyperparameter Convergence Tuning, Exponentially Weighted Moving Averages, Momentum Optimizer, RMSProp Optimizer, Adam Optimizer, Nesterov Accelerated Gradient, Adagrad, Adadelta, Adamax"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) Architecture",
        "content": "Deep CNN Parameter Sharing, Generalized Parameters Computation, Pretrained CNN Architectures (LeNet, AlexNet, Inception, ResNet), 1x1 Convolution Depth-wise Pooling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Architecture",
        "content": "LSTM Network Architecture, GRU Architecture, Comparative Analysis of RNN LSTM GRU, Character Level Embeddings, Word Level Embeddings, CBOW Model, Skip-Gram Model, Word2Vec, GloVe Embeddings, Attention Model, Hybridization of Deep Models"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Object Detection Concepts",
        "content": "YOLO Object Detector Formulation, Sentiment Analysis in NLP, Tiled Convolution, Dilated Convolution, Deconvolution Transpose Networks, Bidirectional Sequence Models, Multidimensional Sequence Models, Stacked Sequence Models"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Deep Learning by Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, Aaron Courville, MIT Press, 2016.",
      "Deep Learning: A Practitioner's Approach, by Adam Gibson and Josh Patterson, O'Reilly Media, 2017."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Neural Networks and Deep Learning by Michael Nielsen."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Parallel and Distributed Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 317",
    "title": "Parallel and Distributed Computing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand fundamental concepts in parallel computing.",
      "Identify and implement common parallel computing patterns on shared and distributed memory architectures.",
      "Compare efficiency and scalability of a parallel algorithm/application.",
      "Think parallel and solve different computing patterns effectively."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Parallel Processing Landscape Overview",
        "content": "Types of Parallelism, Flynn's Taxonomy, Shared Memory Architecture, Distributed Memory Architecture, Formal Parallelism Definition, Work and Speedup Metrics, Amdahl's Law, Gustafson's Law, Parallel Reduction, Parallel Prefix"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Shared Address Space",
        "content": "Multi-Core Architecture, Data Parallelism, Task Parallelism, OpenMP Fork-Join Model, OpenMP Pragmas, Race Conditions, Hyperthreading, False Sharing, Parallel Pi Calculation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: GPGPU Architecture",
        "content": "GPU Thread Organization, Parallel Vector Addition, Parallel Matrix Multiplication, GPU Memory Model, GPU Memory Optimization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Multi-Node Computing Architecture",
        "content": "MPI Programming Model, MPI Send and Receive Functions, MPI Ping-Pong Program, MPI Broadcast, MPI Scatter, MPI Gather, MPI Reduce"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Parallel Reduction Pattern",
        "content": "Parallel Prefix Sum, Odd-Even Sort, Parallel Radix Sort, Parallel Histogram, Parallel Convolution, Parallel Matrix Transpose, Parallel Matrix Multiplication"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP, Michael Jay Quinn, McGraw-Hill",
      "Introduction to Parallel Computing, Ananth Grama, Anshul Gupta, George Karypis, Vipin Kumar, 2nd Edition, Addison-Wesley"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Programming Massively Parallel Processors A Hands-on Approach, Wen-Mei W Hwu, David B Kirk, 4th Edition, Morgan Kaufmann",
      "Introduction to Parallel Computing From Algorithms to Programming on State-of-the-Art Platforms, Roman Trobec et al., Springer",
      "Structured Parallel Programming: Patterns for Efficient Computation, M. McCool et al., Morgan Kaufmann"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Optimization Techniques in ML": {
    "code": "CSL 318",
    "title": "Optimization Techniques in ML",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop foundational knowledge of optimization techniques and their applications in machine learning.",
      "Formulate and solve different optimization problems relevant to machine learning.",
      "Analyze and compare various optimization algorithms, focusing on convergence and efficiency.",
      "Implement and apply optimization techniques using programming libraries and assess their performance in ML models.",
      "Gain insight into advanced optimization methods and recent research trends in machine"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Overview of Optimization in ML",
        "content": "Types of Optimization Problems, Loss Functions in ML, Optimization in Supervised Learning, Optimization in Unsupervised Learning"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Convex Sets",
        "content": "Convex Functions, Batch Gradient Descent, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Mini-Batch Gradient Descent, Convex Function Convergence Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Constrained Optimization",
        "content": "Lagrange Multipliers, Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) Conditions, Duality Theory, L1 Regularization, L2 Regularization, Regularization Impact on Overfitting"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Stochastic Gradient Descent Variants",
        "content": "Adam Optimizer, RMSprop Optimizer, Adagrad Optimizer, Momentum-Based Optimization, Nesterov Accelerated Gradient"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Parameter Server Framework",
        "content": "Federated Learning Optimization, Large-Scale Optimization Challenges, Grid Search, Random Search, Bayesian Optimization, AutoML, Neural Architecture Search (NAS)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Convex Optimization, Stephen Boyd & Lieven Vandenberghe, Cambridge University Press",
      "Numerical Optimization, Nocedal, Jorge and Wright, Stephen J, Springer"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Convex Optimization Algorithms, Dmitri P. Bertsekas, Athena Scientific",
      "Deep Learning, Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A, MIT Press"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Introduction to Data and Analytics": {
    "code": "CSL 109",
    "title": "Introduction to Data and Analytics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify and describe the methods and techniques commonly used in data science.",
      "Demonstrate proficiency with the methods and techniques for obtaining, organizing, exploring, and analyzing data.",
      "Recognize how data analysis, inferential statistics, modeling, machine learning, and statistical computing can be utilized in an integrated capacity.",
      "Create and modify customizable tools for data analysis and visualization per the evaluation of characteristics of the data and the nature of the analysis.",
      "Demonstrate the ability to clean and prepare data for analysis and assemble data from a variety of sources."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Data Science",
        "content": "Evolution of Data Science, Data Science Roles, Stages in a Data Science Project, Applications of Data Science, Data Security Issues"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Data Collection Strategies",
        "content": "Data Pre-Processing Overview, Data Cleaning, Data Integration and Transformation, Data Reduction, Data Discretization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Exploratory Data Analytics",
        "content": "Descriptive Statistics, Mean, Standard Deviation, Skewness, Kurtosis, Box Plots, Pivot Table, Heat Map, Correlation Statistics, ANOVA"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Data Categorization Elements and Variables",
        "content": "Levels of Measurement, Data Management and Indexing, Introduction to Statistical Learning"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Measures of Central Tendency",
        "content": "Measures of Location of Dispersions, Statistical Hypothesis Generation and Testing, Chi-Square Test, t-Test, Analysis of Variance, Correlation Analysis, Maximum Likelihood Test"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "An introduction to Data Science by Jeffrey Stanton",
      "The Elements of Data Analytic Style by Jeff Leek",
      "Exploratory Data Analysis with R, by Roger Peng",
      "OpenIntro Statistics, by Diez, Barr, and Centinkaya-Rundel",
      "R Programming for Data Science, by Roger Peng"
    ],
    "references": [
      "UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository",
      "World Bank Data Catalog",
      "US Government Data (data.gov)"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Professional Ethics": {
    "code": "HUL 304",
    "title": "Professional Ethics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Define professional ethics associated with engineering profession.",
      "Identify various types of ethics",
      "Recognize the complimentary nature of ethics and human-machine interactions.",
      "Illustrate the workplace responsibilities and ethical dilemmas associated with the",
      "Demonstrate broad framework of responsible technology development and social"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Basic concepts to understand Professional Ethics",
        "content": "Society, Social organization, and Disorganization, Tradition and Modernization, Power and Social Justice, Values, Morality, Ethics, Human actions, Approaches to ethics."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Types of Ethics",
        "content": "General ethics, Professional ethics, Legal ethics, Environmental, ethics, Duty ethics and Right ethics, Corporate/Business ethics, Professional ethics in engineering profession, Code of Ethics in Engineering profession, Ethical Competency."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Professional Responsibility and Ethical Dilemmas",
        "content": "Professional Responsibility, Social Responsibility, Corporate Social Responsibility, Ethical dilemmas, Resolving the ethical dilemmas, The conflict of interests, Whistle- blowing, ethical relativism, safety at work-place"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Technology Development and Professional Ethics",
        "content": "Appropriate Technology, Technology transfer and global justice, Surveillance, Issue of Privacy, Social impact of technology development and engineering solutions."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Interactions between human and internet",
        "content": "Computer, data, and ethics, Data and, sustainable development. Case studies on corresponding modules for practical experiences."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Web Programming": {
    "code": "CSP 101",
    "title": "Web Programming",
    "outcomes": [
      "Build awesome front-end features.",
      "Architect scalable back-end infrastructure.",
      "Test features with minimal effort and deploy features seamlessly to production.",
      "Build a working industry application from scratch."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to HTML 5",
        "content": "Browsers and HTML, Offline and Online Editors, HTML Tags Attribute and Elements, Doctype Element, HTML Comments, Headings and Paragraphs, Formatting Text, HTML Lists and Links, HTML Images, HTML Tables"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Introduction to CSS",
        "content": "Applying CSS to HTML, CSS Selectors, CSS Properties and Values, CSS Colors, CSS Backgrounds, CSS Box Model, CSS Margins Padding Borders, CSS Text and Font Properties"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Introduction to JavaScript",
        "content": "Applying Internal and External JavaScript, JS Syntax, Document and Window Object, JavaScript Variables, JavaScript Operators, Data Types, Number Type Conversion, Math and String Manipulation, JavaScript Objects and Arrays, Date and Time, Conditional Statements, Switch Case, Looping in JS, JavaScript Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: ReactJS Introduction",
        "content": "Templating using JSX, React Components, State and Props, Lifecycle of Components, Rendering Lists, React Portals, React Error Handling, React Routers, Redux, Redux Saga, Immutable.js, Server Side Rendering, Unit Testing, Webpack"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Node.js Overview",
        "content": "Node.js Basics and Setup, Node.js Console, Node.js Command Utilities, Node.js Modules, Node.js Concepts, Node.js Events, Express.js Framework, Node.js Database Access"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: SQL and NoSQL Concepts",
        "content": "Creating and Managing MongoDB, Migration of Data into MongoDB, MongoDB with PHP, MongoDB with NodeJS, Services Offered by MongoDB"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 7: Python Installation and Configuration",
        "content": "Developing Python Application, Connecting MongoDB with Python"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "The Full Stack Developer: Your Essential Guide to the Everyday Skills Expected of a Modern Full Stack Web Developer",
      "Modern Full-Stack Development: Using TypeScript, React, Node.js, Webpack, and Docker",
      "Full-Stack React, TypeScript, and Node: Build Cloud-ready Web Applications Using React 17 with Hooks and GraphQL",
      "Full-Stack React Projects: Learn MERN Stack Development by Building Modern Web Apps Using MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js, 2nd Edition."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Advanced Probability and Statistics": {
    "code": "MAL 202",
    "title": "Advanced Probability and Statistics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop problem-solving techniques needed to calculate probability and conditional probability.",
      "Formulate fundamental probability distribution and density functions, as well as functions of random variables, derive the probability density function of transformations.",
      "Derive the expectation and conditional expectation, and describe their properties.",
      "Describe commonly used univariate and multivariate discrete and continuous probability distributions.",
      "Compute and interpret the results of Bivariate and Multivariate Regression and Correlation Analysis, for prediction and forecasting."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Multivariate Statistics Samples and Populations",
        "content": "Vector Orthogonality in Statistics, Multivariate Variables Relationship Degree, Group Differences Significance"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Group Membership Prediction",
        "content": "Bivariate Correlation and Regression, Data Screening and Transformation, Multiple Regression Analysis, Multiway Frequency Analysis, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Discriminant Function Analysis Equations",
        "content": "Types of Discriminant Analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Factor Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Markov Chain Setup",
        "content": "Stochastic Processes Balance Equations, Non-Parametric Inference, Empirical Distribution Function (eCDF), Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), Plug-In Estimator, Normal-Based Confidence Intervals, DKW Inequality, Method of Moments Estimator (MME)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Properties of MME",
        "content": "Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) Properties, Hypothesis Testing Basics, Wald Test, Student's t-Test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (KS Test), P-Values Interpretation, Permutation Test"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Vijay K Rohatgi and A.K.Md. Ehsanes Saleh, An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed., Wiley.",
      "Linda S. Fidell, Barbara G. Tabachnick, Using Multivariate Statistics, 7th ed.",
      "Suddhendu Biswas and G.L. Sriwastav, Mathematical Statistics, Narosa.",
      "Probability and Statistics for Data Science: Math + R + Data, Chapman & Hall/CRC."
    ],
    "references": [
      "K.V. Iyengar & B. Krishna Gandhi, Probability & Statistics, S.Chand.",
      "William Mendenhall, Probability & Statistics, Cengage Publications.",
      "P. Billingsley, Probability and Measure, John Wiley & Sons.",
      "W. Feller, An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, John Wiley and Sons."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Tools and Practices for Data Science – I": {
    "code": "CSP 205",
    "title": "Tools and Practices for Data Science – I",
    "outcomes": [
      "Use basic excel functions to manipulate data in worksheets.",
      "Summarize and plot the results from spreadsheets.",
      "Learn step-by-step statistical analysis from descriptive statistic.",
      "Gain efficiency in analyzing the statistical procedures.",
      "Learn to interpret and visualize the results"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Excel Spreadsheet Data Manipulation",
        "content": "Excel Spreadsheet Functions, Descriptive Statistics in Excel, Excel Formulas and Pivot Tables, Excel Data Visualization Charts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Statistical Data Analysis with R and Python",
        "content": "Describing Data through Statistics, Discrete Probability Distributions, Continuous Probability Distributions, Sampling Distribution Estimation, Hypothesis Testing in Python/R, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Simple Linear Regression, Multiple Linear Regression"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Stephen L. Nelson, Excel Data Analysis for Dummies, 1st Edition, Wiley, 2015.",
      "Alain F. Zuur, A Basic Guide to Data Exploration and Visualization Using R, 2015.",
      "Dr. Charles Russell Severance, Python for Everybody: Exploring Data in Python 3, 2016.",
      "Ken Black and Sanjeet Singh, Business Statistics: For Contemporary Decision Making, 2022."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Kenneth Berk and Patrick Carey, Data Analysis with Microsoft Excel, Duxbury Press, 2003.",
      "Mervyn G. Marasinghe, SAS for Data Analysis: Intermediate Statistical Methods, Springer, 2008."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Data Handling and Visualization": {
    "code": "CSL 214",
    "title": "Data Handling and Visualization",
    "outcomes": [
      "Design and create data visualizations.",
      "Conduct exploratory data analysis using visualization.",
      "Design and evaluate color palettes for visualization based on principles of perception.",
      "Apply data transformations for visualization.",
      "Acquire, analyze and provide observations from the data using different tools."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Data Acquisition from Web APIs",
        "content": "Open Data Sources, Web Scraping Techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Data Munging",
        "content": "Data Wrangling, Cast and Melt Operations, Data Imputation, Min-Max Transformation, Log Transformation, Z-Score Transformation, Binning and Standardization, Outlier and Anomaly Detection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Data Visualization Design Principles",
        "content": "Python/R Scatter Plots, Bar Charts, Vertical and Horizontal Pie Charts, Coxcomb Plots, Line Charts, Area Charts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Grouped and Stacked Bar Plots",
        "content": "Dot Plots, Heatmaps, Histograms and Density Plots, Q-Q Plots, Empirical Cumulative Distribution Functions (ECDF)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Power BI Tools for Data Handling",
        "content": "Visualization Case Studies"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Sosulski, K. Data Visualization Made Simple: Insights into Becoming Visual, CRC Press, 2018.",
      "Claus Wilke, Fundamentals of Data Visualization, 1st edition, O'Reilly Media, 2019."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Tamara Munzner, Visualization Analysis and Design (VAD), CRC press, 2014.",
      "Edward Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Graphics Press.",
      "Ben Fry, Visualizing Data, O'Reilly."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Sensor Data Analytics": {
    "code": "CSL 215",
    "title": "Sensor Data Analytics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify and describe different sensor types and its usage in Sensor based applications.",
      "Implement sensor data acquisition using microcontrollers and Python programming.",
      "Understand the advantages and challenges of using cloud-based platforms.",
      "Implement data transformation techniques to enhance the quality and usability of sensor data.",
      "Construct end-to-end machine learning pipelines for sensor data analysis."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Common Sensors Design and Behavior",
        "content": "Accelerometer Sensors, Gyroscope Sensors, Temperature Sensors, Sensor Characteristics and Specifications, Sensor Output Signals, Sensor Communication Networks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Arduino Data Acquisition",
        "content": "Raspberry Pi Data Acquisition, NodeMCU Integration, Python Microcontroller Programming, PySerial Library Usage, Hardware Communication Protocols, Encryption and Encoding Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Cloud Sensor Communication DAQ",
        "content": "IBM Watson Platform, Blynk Cloud, Google Firebase Integration, Firebase Arduino IDE Communication, Realtime Databases, REST APIs and Internet Protocols"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Sensor Data Pre-Processing Challenges",
        "content": "Low-Pass and High-Pass Signal Filtering, Band-Pass Filtering, Fourier Transform Frequency Analysis, Time-Frequency Denoising Analysis, Time-Domain Feature Extraction, Frequency-Domain Feature Extraction, Sensor Time Series Visualization, Seasonality in Sensor Data"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Healthcare Sensor Data Analytics Case Study",
        "content": "IoT Environmental Monitoring Case Study, Python Analytics Libraries (NumPy, SciPy, Scikit-Learn, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly, Pandas, Keras)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Arshdeep Bahga and Vijay Madisetti, Internet of Things (IoT): A Hands-On Approach.",
      "Gastón C. Hillar, Internet of Things with Python, Packt Publishing.",
      "Alice Zheng and Amanda Casari, Feature Engineering for Machine Learning, O'Reilly."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Peter Waher, Learning Internet of Things, Packt Publishing, 2015.",
      "T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, J. Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning, 2008.",
      "Christopher Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, 2006."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Web Analytics": {
    "code": "CSL 217",
    "title": "Web Analytics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand how website visitors view and interact with website pages and features.",
      "Analyze data on customer purchasing patterns and demographics leading to business intelligence.",
      "Understand demanding trends to make effective strategic decisions.",
      "Perform web and text analytics."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Business Intelligence Overview",
        "content": "Computerized Decision Support Systems (DSS), Business Analytics Fundamentals, Big Data Analytics Introduction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Text Analytics Definitions",
        "content": "Text Mining Applications, Text Mining Process, Text Mining Tools, IBM Watson Text Mining"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Capturing Web Data via Web Logs",
        "content": "Capturing Web Data via JavaScript Tags, Clickstream Data Quality, Unique Page Definition Identification, Cookies in Web Analytics, Link Coding Issues"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Page Views Metric",
        "content": "Unique Visitors Metric, Bounce Rate Optimization, AdWords Campaign Optimization, Google Analytics Real Time Reports, Google Analytics Traffic Source Reports, Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Selection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Web Analytics 1.0 vs 2.0 Comparison",
        "content": "Competitive Intelligence Data Sources (Toolbar, Panel, ISP Data), Google Analytics Benchmarking, Organic vs Paid Traffic Analysis, Google Website Optimizer"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Clifton B., Advanced Web Metrics with Google Analytics, Wiley Publishing, 2010.",
      "Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, Efraim Turban, Business Intelligence and Analytics, Pearson."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Rajiv Sabherwal, Business Intelligence – Practice, Technologies and Management, Wiley 2011.",
      "Kaushik A., Web Analytics 2.0, Wiley Publishing, 2010."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Tools and Practices for Data Science – II": {
    "code": "CSP 206",
    "title": "Tools and Practices for Data Science – II",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand different types of data.",
      "Apply various data preprocessing techniques.",
      "Extract features from different types of data.",
      "Perform spatial data analysis."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Structured Data",
        "content": "Unstructured Data, Image Data Representation, Grayscale Image Data, Audio Discretization and Quantization, Text Data Formats (Plain Text, JSON, CSV), Video Frames and Rates, Tabular Numerical Data Formats, Image Augmentation, Histogram Equalization, Spatial Domain Filtering, Frequency Domain Filtering, Audio Feature Extraction (MFCC, Spectrograms), Text Tokenization and Lemmatization, TF-IDF Feature Extraction, Word2Vec Embeddings, GloVe Embeddings, Tabular Data Scaling and One-Hot Encoding, Data Balancing Techniques, Spatial Location Data, QGIS Spatial Data Analysis"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E., Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education, 2018.",
      "Spanias, A. et al., Audio Signal Processing and Coding, Wiley, 2006.",
      "Zheng, A., Casari, A., Feature Engineering for Machine Learning, O'Reilly, 2017.",
      "Jafari, R., Hands-On Data Preprocessing in Python, Packt Publishing, 2022."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Osborne, J. W., Best Practices in Data Cleaning, SAGE Publications, 2013.",
      "Bird, S. et al., Natural Language Processing with Python, O'Reilly Media, 2009."
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Data Privacy and Security": {
    "code": "CSL 311",
    "title": "Data Privacy and Security",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the state of the art in differential privacy.",
      "Understand about the actual difference in data privacy and data security.",
      "Extract both the high-level ideas and low-level details when reading a mathematical model of data privacy and security.",
      "Understand about the importance of data hiding and methods."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Randomized Response",
        "content": "Laplace Mechanism, Composition Theorems in Privacy, Exponential Mechanism, Multiparty Differential Privacy, Computational Differential Privacy, Secure Multiparty Computation, Differential Privacy in Learning Theory"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Pan-Private Streaming Algorithms",
        "content": "Continual Observation Privacy, Anonymized Social Networks Attacks, Edge-Level vs Node-Level Privacy, Releasing Graph Cuts, Mechanism Design via Differential Privacy, Private Equilibrium Computation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Privacy-Preserving Statistical Estimation",
        "content": "Privacy-Preserving SVMs, Zero-Knowledge Privacy, Crowd-Blending Privacy, Concentrated Differential Privacy, k-Anonymity and Variants, Query Auditing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Caesar Cipher",
        "content": "Monoalphabetic Cipher, Homophonic Substitution, Beaufort Cipher, Polyphonic Ciphers, Turning Template Transposition, Stream Ciphers, Linear Shift Registers, Cellular Automata Cryptography, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, RSA Public Key Cryptography"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: LSB Encoding",
        "content": "BPCS Steganography, Lossless Data Hiding, Spread Spectrum Steganography, Quantization Data Hiding, Signature Casting in Images, Frequency Domain Watermarking, Public-Key Steganography"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Differential Privacy Techniques-Based Information Security for Cyber Physical System Applications: An Overview.",
      "Data Privacy And Security (Hb) by Salomon D."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Navigating the Data Age: Governance Privacy and Security Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley",
      "Data Protection and Privacy Volume 12, Bloomsbury Publishing"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Tools and Practices for Data Science – III": {
    "code": "CSP 301",
    "title": "Tools and Practices for Data Science – III",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop web/mobile application with front end and back -end tools.",
      "Learn to deploy applications using various methodologies/tools"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Tableau Dashboard Design",
        "content": "Power-BI Dashboard Tools, Data Connections Setup, Chart Mapping, Interactive Dashboard Deployment"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Responsive Front-End UI Design",
        "content": "Web Screen Design, Mobile UI Controls Design, Bootstrap Framework, Flutter Framework"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Web Servers Architecture",
        "content": "HTTP Requests Handling, SQL Databases, NodeJS Server Development, ExpressJS Framework"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Git Source Code Management",
        "content": "Git Push and Pull Commands, Open-Source Platform App Deployment, Dockerization, Cloud Deployment"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Jon Duckett, HTML and CSS: Design and Build Websites",
      "Eric Meyer, CSS: The Definitive Guide"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Martin Kleppmann, Designing Data-Intensive Applications"
    ],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Computer Vision and Deep Learning": {
    "code": "CSL 313",
    "title": "Computer Vision and Deep Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply fundamental image processing and computer vision techniques.",
      "Implement feature extraction, segmentation, and object detection algorithms.",
      "Develop and apply deep learning models for image classification and segmentation.",
      "Evaluate the performance of Vision Transformers and generative models in computer vision tasks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Computer Vision Basics",
        "content": "Image Representation, Affine Transformation, Perspective Transformation, Orthogonal Transformation, First and Second Order Image Gradients, Image Blurring Filters, Image Sharpening Filters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Sobel Edge Detection",
        "content": "Canny Edge Detection, LoG Filter, Harris Corner Detector, Hessian Affine Detector, SIFT Descriptors, SURF Descriptors, HOG Descriptors, Thresholding Segmentation, Region-Based Segmentation, Edge-Based Segmentation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)",
        "content": "Modern CNN Architectures, R-CNN Object Detection, YOLO Object Detection, U-Net Semantic Segmentation, Mask R-CNN"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Auto Encoders",
        "content": "Variational Auto Encoders (VAE), Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), DCGAN Architecture, CycleGAN Architecture, Image Synthesis Applications, Neural Style Transfer"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Transformers Introduction",
        "content": "Self-Attention Mechanisms, Vision Transformers (ViTs), Transformer Object Detection, Transformer Image Segmentation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Deep Learning, Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A., MIT Press",
      "Dive into Deep Learning, Aston Zhang, Zachary C. Lipton, Mu Li, Alexander J. Smola, Cambridge Univ Press"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Digital Image Processing, Gonzalez, R. C., & Woods, R. E., Pearson",
      "Programming Computer Vision with Python, Jan Erik Solem, O'Reilly Media",
      "Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Richard Szeliski, Springer"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Big Data Analytics": {
    "code": "CSL 444",
    "title": "Big Data Analytics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Explain fundamental concepts and processes involved in data analytics.",
      "Apply statistical analysis and hypothesis testing for data interpretation.",
      "Implement data mining techniques including clustering and classification methods.",
      "Design effective data visualizations using modern visualization tools.",
      "Evaluate ethical issues, data privacy, and emerging analytics trends."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Big Data Platform Overview",
        "content": "Challenges of Conventional Systems, Intelligent Data Analysis, Qualities and Skills of Data Analyst, Data Analytics vs Data Analysis, Data Requirement Specifications, Data Collection Process, Qualitative Analysis Methods, Quantitative Analysis Methods, Text Analysis, Statistical Analysis Methods, Diagnostic Analysis, Predictive Analysis Methods, Real World Data Cleaning Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Statistical Hypothesis Generation and Testing",
        "content": "Chi-Square Test, Student's t-Test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Correlation Analysis, Maximum Likelihood Test, Regression Analysis, Classification Techniques, Cluster Analysis, Association Rules Analysis, Introduction to Data Analysis Tools (Excel, Tableau, Power BI, Fine Report, R, Python, SAS)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Data Mining Functionalities",
        "content": "Pattern Interestingness, Classification of Data Mining Systems, Data Mining Task Primitives, Integration with Data Warehouse, Data Preprocessing, Cluster Analysis Methods, K-Means Clustering, Partitioning Methods, Hierarchical Clustering Methods, Density-Based Methods (DBSCAN), Grid-Based Methods, Model-Based Clustering, Clustering High Dimensional Data, Constraint-Based Cluster Analysis, Outlier Analysis, Data Mining Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Basics of Data Visualization",
        "content": "Principles of Good Visualization Design, Data Visualization Workflow, Visual Encoding Techniques, Chart Types, Chart Families, Categorical Charts, Hierarchical Charts, Relational Charts, Temporal Charts, Spatial Charts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Data Science Ethics",
        "content": "Owners of Data, Valuing Privacy Aspects, The Five Cs (Consent, Clarity, Consistency, Trust, Control, Transparency, Consequences), Diversity and Inclusion, Data Masking Importance, Data Masking Techniques, Types of Data Masking, Data Masking Challenges"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Anil Maheshwari, Data Analytics Made Accessible, 3rd Ed., Amazon Digital Services, 2018.",
      "Pang -Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach, Vipin Kumar, Introduction to Data Mining , Pearson Education, 2nd Ed., 2019."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Wes McKinney, Python for Data Analysis , 3rd Ed., O’Reilly Media, 2022.",
      "Foster Provost and Tom Fawcett, Data Science for Business, O’Reilly Media, 2013.",
      "Vasant Dhar and Roger Stein, Doing Good Data Science, MIT Press, 2023."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Data Mining and Warehousing": {
    "code": "CSL 436",
    "title": "Data Mining and Warehousing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify the scope and necessity of Data Mining & Warehousing for the society.",
      "Describe the designing of Data Warehousing so that it can be able to solve the root problems.",
      "To understand various tools of Data Mining and their techniques to solve the real time problems.",
      "To develop ability to design various algorithms based on data mining tools.",
      "To develop further interest in research and design of new Data Mining techniques."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Data Warehousing Applications",
        "content": "Data Warehouse Development Life Cycle, Data Warehouse Analysis, CUBE Queries, ROLL UP Queries, STAR Queries"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Massive Denormalisation",
        "content": "STAR Schema Design, Data Warehouse Architecture, OLAP Systems, ROLAP Architecture, MOLAP Architecture, Fact Table Concepts, Dimension Table Concepts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Warehouse Storage Schemas",
        "content": "B-Tree Indexing in Warehouses, Hash Indexing, Clusters Storage, Bitmap Indexing, Functional Indexing, Domain Indexing, Data Partitions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Data Warehouse Query Optimization",
        "content": "Memory Management in Warehouses, Process Management, I/O Management for Data Warehouse"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Association Rule Mining",
        "content": "Apriori Algorithm, FP-Trees Algorithm, Association Mining Constraints"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Cluster Analysis Paradigms",
        "content": "DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm, Partitioning Clustering Algorithms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 7: Decision Tree Mining Tools",
        "content": "Decision Tree Applications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber, Data mining - Concepts & Techniques, Morgan Kaufmann",
      "Michale Corey, Michale Abbey, Oracle 8i Data Warehousing, Tata McGraw Hill.",
      "Navathe and Elmasry, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Addison Wesley, 2000",
      "Arun Pujari, Data Mining, Orient Longman, 2003"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Design Thinking": {
    "code": "CSL 314",
    "title": "Design Thinking",
    "outcomes": [
      "Appreciate various design process procedures",
      "Generate and develop design ideas through different techniques",
      "Identify the significance of reverse Engineering to Understand products",
      "Draw technical drawing for design ideas"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Understanding Design Thinking",
        "content": "Shared Model in Team Design, Theory and Practice in Design Thinking, Prototyping Minimum Viable Product (MVP)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Real-Time Design Interaction Capture",
        "content": "Digital Space Collaboration Tools, Empathy in Design, Distributed Design Collaboration"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Business Process Modelling via Design Thinking",
        "content": "Virtual Collaboration Agile Methods, Scenario Based Prototyping"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Design Thinking Storytelling",
        "content": "Strategic Foresight, Value Redefinition, Experience Design Standardization, Business Model Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Design Thinking Workshop (Empathize",
        "content": "Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "John.R.Karsnitz et al., Engineering Design, Cengage learning",
      "Roger Martin, The Design of Business: Why Design Thinking is the Next Competitive Advantage, Harvard Business Press",
      "Hasso Plattner et al., Design Thinking: Understand Improve, Apply, Springer",
      "Idris Mootee, Design Thinking for Strategic Innovation, John Wiley & Sons"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Yousef Haik and Tamer M.Shahin, Engineering Design Process, Cengage Learning",
      "Jeanne Liedtka et al., Solving Problems with Design Thinking, Columbia Business School Publishing"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Signals and Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 201",
    "title": "Signals and Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Perform various operations on different types of continuous and discrete time signals and systems.",
      "Describe an LTI system by impulse/frequency response",
      "Apply suitable continuous / discrete transforms to examine signals and systems.",
      "Inspect and analyse signals and systems using frequency domain transformation tools.",
      "Synthesize systems for various applications in Communications, Control, and Signal Processing"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Unit Impulse Function",
        "content": "Unit Step Function, Continuous Time Signals, Independent Variable Transformations, Exponential Signals, Sinusoidal Signals, Continuous Time System Properties"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Continuous Time LTI System",
        "content": "Discrete Time LTI System, LTI System Properties, Linear Constant Coefficient Differential Equations Representation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Fourier Series Representation",
        "content": "Fourier Series Convergence, Properties of Fourier Series, Fourier Series in LTI Systems, System Filtering Concepts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Aperiodic Signal Representation",
        "content": "Fourier Transform for Periodic Signals, Properties of Fourier Transform, Frequency Domain Convolution, Magnitude and Phase Response"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Laplace Transform for Continuous Signals",
        "content": "Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions of LTI Systems, Region of Convergence (ROC), Poles and Zeros of System Functions, Properties of Laplace Transform, LTI System Characterization using Laplace Transform, Unilateral Laplace Transform Applications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A.V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky, and S. H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 2003.",
      "J.G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing. Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, 4th ed., Pearson International, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Haykin and B. V. Veen, Signals and Systems, 2nd ed., Wiley, 2007.",
      "B.P. Lathi, Principles of Linear Systems and Signals, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2009."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Analog ICs": {
    "code": "ECL 203",
    "title": "Analog ICs",
    "outcomes": [
      "Through the course, students are able to understand the basics of analog IC design.",
      "To understand the Frequency response, stability and noise issues in amplifiers.",
      "To understand the implementation of linear and non -linear analog block implementation and their testing.",
      "Demonstrate the use of analog circuit analysis to analyze the operation and behavior of various modern analog integrated circuits .",
      "Analyze active filters and oscillators and a comprehensive understanding of key integrated circuits used in various electronic systems and applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Differential Amplifier Configurations",
        "content": "Differential Amplifier DC Analysis, Differential Amplifier AC Analysis, Constant Current Bias, Current Mirror, Cascaded Differential Amplifier Stages, Level Translator"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Op-Amp Inverting Configuration",
        "content": "Op-Amp Non-Inverting Configuration, Differential Amplifier Configuration, Op-Amp Negative Feedback, Op-Amp Voltage Gain, Input Impedance, Output Impedance, Op-Amp Bandwidth, Input Offset Voltage, Input Bias Current, Input Offset Current, Thermal Drift, Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR), Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR), Op-Amp Frequency Response"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Linear Applications of Op-Amp",
        "content": "DC Amplifiers, AC Amplifiers, Summing Differential Amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier, Voltage to Current Converter, Current to Voltage Converter, Op-Amp Integrator, Op-Amp Differentiator"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Nonlinear Applications of Op-Amp",
        "content": "Comparators, Schmitt Trigger, Clipping Circuits, Clamping Circuits, Absolute Value Circuits, Peak Detectors, Sample and Hold Circuits, Logarithmic Amplifiers, Antilogarithmic Amplifiers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: First Order Active Filters",
        "content": "Second Order Active Filters, Low Pass Active Filter, High Pass Active Filter, Bandpass Active Filter, Band Reject Active Filter, All Pass Filter, RC Phase Shift Oscillator, Wien Bridge Oscillator, Square Waveform Generator, Triangular Waveform Generator, IC Study (LM741, LM555, LM566, LM565, LM339, LM723)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R. A. Gaikwad, Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits, 4th ed., Pearson Education, 2015.",
      "B. Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2017."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Franco, Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1998.",
      "J. M. Fiore, Op Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits: Concepts and Applications, 1st ed., Cengage Learning, 2010."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Network Theory": {
    "code": "ECL 204",
    "title": "Network Theory",
    "outcomes": [
      "Demonstrate the ability to analyze electrical networks.",
      "Develop driving point functions and transfer functions for two -port networks.",
      "Examine the steady -state and transient response of electrical networks",
      "Understand behavior of electrical networks as filters.",
      "Identify the stability of electrical networks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Node Analysis",
        "content": "Mesh Analysis, Matrix Approach to Networks, Dependent Voltage and Current Sources, Source Transformation, Network Duality"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Superposition Theorem",
        "content": "Reciprocity Theorem, Thevenin's Theorem, Norton's Theorem, Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, Compensation Theorem, Tellegen's Theorem Applied to AC Circuits"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: First Order RC Networks",
        "content": "First Order RL Networks, RLC Networks with Initial Conditions, Laplace Transform Analysis of Initial Conditions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: AC Instantaneous Power",
        "content": "AC Average Power, RMS Value, Apparent Power, Power Factor, Two-Port Network Parameters (Z, Y, G, H, ABCD, A'B'C'D'), Interconnection of Two-Port Networks, Driving Point Immittance Functions, Transfer Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Series Resonant Circuits",
        "content": "Parallel Resonant Circuits, Low Pass Filters, High Pass Filters, Band Pass Filters, Band Reject Filters, Transient Response, Complex Frequency Concept, Poles and Zeros of Immittance Functions, Sinusoidal Response from Pole-Zero Integration"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall of India, 2015.",
      "Hayt William, Kemmerly J. E., Durbin S. M., Engineering Circuit Analysis, 8th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. Sudhakar and S. P. Shyammohan, Circuits and Network, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994.",
      "C. Alexander and M. Sadiku, Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, TMH, 2008."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Digital Signal Processing": {
    "code": "ECL 205",
    "title": "Digital Signal Processing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Relate the time and frequency domain effects of sampling",
      "Examine the effects of poles and zeros on frequency response.",
      "Design and realize appropriate causal, linear-phase digital FIR filters based of frequency-domain specifications",
      "Design and realize appropriate digital IIR filters through classical approach of analog filter design",
      "Compute DFT using DIT and DIF techniques for filtering"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sampling Theorem in Time Domain",
        "content": "Analog Signal Sampling and Recovery, Mapping Analog to Digital Frequency, Vector Signal Representation, Basis Functions and Orthogonality, Basic DSP Elements, Advantages of Digital Signal Processing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Definition",
        "content": "Frequency Domain Sampling, Properties of DFT, Circular Convolution, Linear Convolution via Circular Convolution, Radix-2 Decimation in Time (DIT) FFT, Radix-2 Decimation in Frequency (DIF) FFT, Overlap-Add Linear Filtering, Overlap-Save Linear Filtering, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) Intro"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Relation between Laplace and Z Transform",
        "content": "Relation between Fourier and Z Transform, Properties of Region of Convergence (ROC), Z-Transform Properties, Pole Locations vs Time Domain Behavior, Causality and Stability of LTI Systems, Inverse Z-Transform Power Series Method, Partial Fraction Expansion Method, Difference Equations Solutions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: IIR Filter Design Approximation of Derivatives",
        "content": "IIR Impulse Invariance Method, Bilinear Transformation Method, Frequency Warping Effect, Butterworth Filter Design, Chebyshev Filter Design, Elliptic Filters, Direct Form IIR Realization, Cascade Form IIR Realization, Parallel Form IIR Realization, Finite Word Length Effect in IIR Filters, FIR Filter Design Windowing Techniques (Gibbs Phenomenon), Linear Phase FIR Filter Design, Frequency Sampling Method, Direct/Cascade/Lattice FIR Realizations, Finite Word Length Effect in FIR Filters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Multirate DSP Concepts",
        "content": "Fractional Sampling Rate Conversion, Two Stage Sampling Rate Converter Design, General DSP Processor Architecture, Code Composer Studio Introduction, Voice/Music/Image/Radar DSP Applications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "J.G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing. Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, 4th ed., Pearson International, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S.K. Mitra, Digital Signal Processing A Computer -Based Approach, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2001.",
      "A.V. Oppenheim, and R.W. Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing, 3rd ed., PHI Ltd, 2014."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Analog Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 206",
    "title": "Analog Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand signal multiplexing, modulation and demodulation; bandwidth requirements for analog communication systems.",
      "Analyze analog communications in time domain and frequency domain.",
      "Understand issues related to transmission of signals through communication channels",
      "The students will be able to evaluate the performance of analogue communications in the presence of noise",
      "Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing communication systems through associated laboratory activities."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Fourier Series Signal Analysis",
        "content": "Fourier Transform Properties, Signal Distortionless Transmission Criteria, Ideal Filters, Practical System Distortions, Signal Power and Energy"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Need for Amplitude Modulation",
        "content": "Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC) AM, Single Sideband (SSB-SC) AM, Vestigial Sideband (VSB) Modulation, AM Broadcast Transmitters, Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Noise in AM Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Frequency Modulation (FM)",
        "content": "Phase Modulation (PM), Reactance FET Modulator, Armstrong FM Method, Foster-Seely Discriminator, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Detector, Stereophonic FM, Spectrum of Narrowband and Wideband FM, FM Transmitters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Noise in FM Systems",
        "content": "Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF) Receiver, Superheterodyne Receiver, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), FM Receiver Sensitivity and Selectivity, Image Frequency Rejection, Mobile Wireless Transceivers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)",
        "content": "Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Noise in Pulse Modulation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Haykin, Simon, and M. Moher. Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications. 2nd eds., Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2014.",
      "Lathi, B. P., and Zhi Ding. Modern analog and digital communication systems. Oxford University Press, 4th Edition, 2017."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Kennedy George, Davis B. & Prasanna S.R.M., Electronic Communication Systems. 6th Edition., McGraw Hill Education, 2018.",
      "Frenzel. Communication Electronics Principles and Applications. 3rd Edition., TMH, 2008.",
      "Robert J. Schoenbeck. Electronic Communication Modulation and Transmission. Second Edition., PHI, 2009."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Control Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 207",
    "title": "Control Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Students will learn the modelling of linear dynamic systems via differential equations and transfer functions utilizing state-space and input- output representations.",
      "They can analysis of control systems in the time and frequency domains and using transfer function and state-space methods.",
      "Learn various systems exhibiting control mechanisms and understand their operation,",
      "Represent Mathematical model of Feedback Control Systems.",
      "Evaluate the concept and significance of a Control System model and its applicability."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Automatic Control and Feedback Concept",
        "content": "Mathematical Modeling of Systems, Transfer Functions, Block Diagrams, Signal Flow Graphs, Servomechanisms and Regulators, Control System Electrical/Hydraulic/Pneumatic Components"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Time Response of First Order Systems",
        "content": "Time Response of Second Order Systems, Standard Test Signals, System Time Constants, Steady State Error, Error Constants, Higher Order System Approximations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Root Locus Method",
        "content": "Pole-Zero Placement Effects, Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion, Relative Stability Analysis, Linear System Frequency Response Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Nyquist Plots",
        "content": "Bode Plots, Open Loop and Closed Loop Frequency Responses, Nyquist Stability Criterion, Gain Margin, Phase Margin"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: State Variable Method of Analysis",
        "content": "Choice of State Representation Vectors, State Transition Matrix, Relation between Transfer Function and State Variables"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, Control System Analysis, 6th eds., New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 2018.",
      "J.J. D’Azzo and C.H. Houpis, Linear Control System Analysis and Design: Conventional and Modern, 2nd eds., McGraw-Hill, 1995."
    ],
    "references": [
      "B. C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, Prentice Hall, 1991.",
      "N. S. Nise, Control System Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.",
      "M. Gopal, Control Systems: Principles and Design, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2012."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electromagnetics": {
    "code": "ECL 208",
    "title": "Electromagnetics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply vector calculus for static electric and magnetic fields in different coordinate systems.",
      "Calculate electric and magnetic field due to various charge and current distributions.",
      "Solve boundary value problems for electromagnetic fields.",
      "Analyze electromagnetic wave propagation in different mediums.",
      "Examine the power associated with an EM wave."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Cartesian Coordinate System",
        "content": "Cylindrical Coordinate System, Spherical Coordinate System, Differential Lengths Surfaces and Volumes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Coulomb's Law",
        "content": "Electric Field Intensity, Electric Flux Density, Gauss's Law, Divergence Theorem, Potential Difference, Potential Gradient, Electric Dipole Moment, Electrostatic Energy"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Biot-Savart's Law",
        "content": "Ampere's Circuital Law, Curl Operation, Stokes' Theorem, Magnetic Flux Density, Scalar Magnetic Potential, Vector Magnetic Potential"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Faraday's Law",
        "content": "Displacement Current, Maxwell's Point Equations, Maxwell's Integral Equations, Retarded Potentials, Phasor Maxwell Equations, Uniform Plane Wave Equation, Intrinsic Impedance, Wave Velocity and Wavelength, Conductor and Dielectric Wave Propagation, Skin Depth, Poynting's Vector Theorem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Normal Incidence Wave Reflection",
        "content": "Standing Waves, Laws of Reflection, Oblique Incidence Wave Reflection, Brewster's Angle"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "W. H. Hayt, and J. A. Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics, 8th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2012.",
      "E. C. Jordon, and K. G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Fields and Radiating Systems, 2nd Ed., PHI, 1968."
    ],
    "references": [
      "M. N. O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, 7th ed., Oxford University Press, 2018.",
      "G. Raju, Antennas and Wave Propagation, Pearson Education India, 2006.",
      "J. D. Kraus, Antennas for All Applications, McGraw-Hill, 2004.",
      "R. Shevgaonkar, Electromagnetic Waves, McGraw-Hill Education, 2017."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Computer Architecture and Organisation": {
    "code": "ECL 209",
    "title": "Computer Architecture and Organisation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understanding computer's work and basic principles.",
      "Analyze computer performance.",
      "Design ALU and Control Unit of a computer.",
      "Perform interfacing of memory with the processor.",
      "Examine the issues affecting modern processors (caches, pipelines etc.)."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Basic Structure of Computers",
        "content": "Functional Units, Software and Hardware Performance Issues, Machine Instructions, Instruction Formats, Assembly Language, Stacks, Queues, Subroutine Linkage"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Processor Organization",
        "content": "Information Representation, Number Formats, Multiplication ALU Design, Division ALU Design, Floating Point Arithmetic, IEEE 754 Floating Point Formats"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Control Unit Design",
        "content": "Instruction Sequencing, Instruction Interpretation, Hard-Wired Control Design Methods, CPU Control Unit"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Microprogrammed Control Concepts",
        "content": "Minimizing Microinstruction Size, Multiplier Control Unit, Microprogrammed Computers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Memory Organization",
        "content": "RAM Device Characteristics, ROM Device Characteristics, Memory Management, Cache Memory Concepts, Associative Memories, Virtual Memory, Input-Output Systems, Interrupt Handling, Direct Memory Access (DMA), Standard I/O Interfaces, Parallel Processing Concepts, Pipelining Concepts, Interconnect Networks"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. M. Mano, Computer System Architecture, 3rd ed., Pearson, 1993.",
      "V. C. Hamacher, Z. G. Vranesic, and S. G. Zaky, Computer Organization, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2011."
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. S. Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, 1st ed., Prentice-Hall, 1976.",
      "Y. Chu, Computer Organization and Microprogramming, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall India, 2006.",
      "C. W. Gear, Computer Organization and Programming, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1980.",
      "J. P. Hayes, Computer Architecture and Organization, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1988."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Hardware Description Languages": {
    "code": "ECL 303",
    "title": "Hardware Description Languages",
    "outcomes": [
      "Model digital systems using Verilog HDL constructs.",
      "Implement combinational and sequential circuits through gate-level, dataflow, and behavioral modeling techniques, while analyzing synthesis outcomes.",
      "Design and optimize Finite State Machines (FSMs) using behavioral Verilog, incorporating proper state encoding and timing constraints.",
      "Develop efficient RTL designs leveraging SystemVerilog enhancements.",
      "Create comprehensive testbenches and implement verification protocols to validate digital system functionality."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: VLSI Design Flow",
        "content": "CAD Evolution, Emergence of HDLs, Verilog Lexical Conventions, Verilog Data Types, Verilog Modules and Ports, Hierarchical Modeling, Top-Down Design Methodology, Bottom-Up Design Methodology, Synthesizable vs Non-Synthesizable Code, Testbench Structure"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Module Instances",
        "content": "Gate-Level Modeling, Verilog Primitives, Delay Modeling, Dataflow Modeling, Continuous Assignments, Behavioral Modeling, Always and Initial Blocks, Blocking vs Non-Blocking Assignments, Combinational Logic Modeling, Sequential Logic Modeling, Switch-Level Modeling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Verilog Conditional Statements",
        "content": "Verilog Loops, Verilog Tasks and Functions, Moore FSM Design, Mealy FSM Design, FSM State Encoding, Setup and Hold Timing Constraints, Sequential vs Parallel Blocks (Fork-Join), Parameterized Modules, Introduction to FPGA"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: SystemVerilog Data Types (logic",
        "content": "bit, enum, typedef), SystemVerilog Dynamic Arrays, SystemVerilog Associative Arrays, SystemVerilog Queues, SystemVerilog Structures and Unions, SystemVerilog Interfaces, SystemVerilog Packages"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: SystemVerilog OOP Basics",
        "content": "Static Methods and Properties, Class Inheritance, Class Polymorphism, Shallow Copy vs Deep Copy, Parameterized Classes, Immediate Assertions, Concurrent Assertions, SVA Sequences and Properties, Functional Coverage Basics"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. Palnitkar, Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design & Synthesis, 2nd ed., Pearson, 2003.",
      "M. M. Mano and M. D. Ciletti, Digital Design, 5th ed., Pearson, 2013."
    ],
    "references": [
      "P. P. Chu, FPGA Prototyping by Verilog Examples, Wiley-Interscience.",
      "T. L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed., Prentice Hall, 2009.",
      "S. Sutherland et al., SystemVerilog for Design, 2nd ed., Springer."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Waveguides and Antennas": {
    "code": "ECL 307",
    "title": "Waveguides and Antennas",
    "outcomes": [
      "Examine the guided wave propagation.",
      "Analyze and design transmission line based systems and components.",
      "Illustrate the radiation theory, antenna theory and terminology.",
      "Investigate the proficiency of antenna array analysis and design.",
      "Design various types of antennas and related technologies for different applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Maxwell's Equations for Time Varying Fields",
        "content": "Physical Significance of Curl Divergence Gradient, Waves Between Parallel Planes, Transverse Electric (TE) Waves, Transverse Magnetic (TM) Waves, TEM Waves, Attenuation in Parallel Plane Waveguides, Wave Impedance"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: TE and TM Waves in Rectangular Waveguides",
        "content": "Impossibility of TEM Mode in Rectangular Waveguides, Group Velocity in Waveguide, Phase Velocity in Waveguide, Guide Wavelength, Rectangular Waveguide Wave Impedance"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Transmission Line Equations and Solutions",
        "content": "Transmission Line Parameters, Characteristic Impedance, Propagation Constant, Attenuation Constant, Phase Constant, Distortionless Transmission Lines, Reflection Coefficient, Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), Smith Chart, Stub Matching, Power Radiated by Current Element, Radiation Resistance of Dipole, Antenna Reciprocity Theorem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Antenna Gain",
        "content": "Antenna Aperture, Radiation Intensity, Directivity, Beam Width, Radiation Patterns, Front-to-Back Ratio (FBR), Antenna Bandwidth, Broadside Antenna Arrays, End Fire Antenna Arrays, Pattern Multiplication Principle, Binomial Antenna Arrays, Chebyshev Array Synthesis, Parabolic Reflectors, Yagi-Uda Antenna, Horn Antenna, Patch and Microstrip Antennas, Helical Antenna, Smart Antennas, Digital Beamforming"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Antenna Gain Measurement",
        "content": "Radiation Pattern Measurement, Time Domain Gating, Antenna Noise Temperature, Cellular Radio Handset Antenna Measurement"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "K. D. Prasad, Antenna and Wave Propagation, 3rd ed. (reprint), Satya Prakashan, 2003.",
      "E. C. Jordan and K. G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, 2nd ed., Pearson, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "G. S. N. Raju, Antennas and Wave Propagation, Pearson Education India, 2009.",
      "J. D. Kraus, Antennas for All Applications, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2017.",
      "M. N. O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, 7th ed., Oxford University Press, 2018."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Embedded Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 308",
    "title": "Embedded Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply development flow for designing an embedded system.",
      "Demonstrate the ability to select and program suitable microcontroller for embedded system.",
      "Identify suitable peripheral devices as per requirement of embedded system.",
      "Rectify faults and revamp embedded system's design as per the requirement.",
      "Manage resources for different tasks in embedded system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Embedded Systems Introduction and Characteristics",
        "content": "Real-Time Systems Concepts, Challenges in Embedded System Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Embedded Design Requirements",
        "content": "Specifications Analysis, Architecture Design, Component Designing, Embedded System Integration"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: CISC Instruction Set Architecture",
        "content": "RISC Instruction Set Architecture, DSP Processor Architecture, Harvard Architecture (PIC Microcontrollers)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Embedded Memory Interfacing",
        "content": "I/O Device Interfacing Protocols, I/O Peripheral Interfacing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Operating Systems for Embedded Systems Basic Features",
        "content": "Kernel Features, Processes and Threads, Context Switching, Real-Time Scheduling, Inter-Process Communication (IPC), Real-Time Memory Management, Embedded System Design Examples"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "K. J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller: Architecture, Programming, and Applications, Delmar Cengage Learning, 1996.",
      "M. A. Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C, Pearson Education, 2005."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. W. Valvano, Embedded Microcomputer Systems: Real-Time Interfacing, Cengage Learning, 2012.",
      "J. Ganssle, The Art of Designing Embedded Systems, Newnes, 2008."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Digital Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 320",
    "title": "Digital Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "The students will have the deep knowledge of components of the digital communication system.",
      "The students will be able to critically think and solve problems related to digital transmission and reception in baseband format.",
      "Apply the knowledge of digital electronics and describe the error control codes like block code, cyclic code.",
      "Describe and analyze the digital communication system with spread spectrum modulation and its applications in wireless communication.",
      "Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing communication systems through associated laboratory activities."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Analog vs Digital Communication Comparison",
        "content": "Source Coding of Analog Sources, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Delta Modulation (DM), Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM), Differential PCM (DPCM), ADPCM"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)",
        "content": "Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), Constellation Diagrams, M-ary Signalling Bandwidth Efficiency, Coherent Demodulation, Probability of Error Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Line Coding Fundamentals",
        "content": "Transmission Formats Spectral Requirements, Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI), Nyquist Criterion for Zero ISI, Eye Pattern Analysis, Adaptive Equalization, Geometric Signal Representation, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Information Measure",
        "content": "Entropy, Shannon's Source Coding Theorem, Huffman Coding Algorithm, Prefix Codes, Matched Filter Receiver Performance, Correlator Receiver, White Noise Threshold Setting, Error Probability Calculation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: PN Sequences Properties",
        "content": "Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), Slow Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Fast FHSS, Carrier and Symbol Synchronization, Shannon's Channel Capacity Theorem, Linear Block Codes, Hamming Distance, Cyclic Codes Generation, Convolutional Codes, Viterbi Decoding Algorithm, CDMA, OFDM, MIMO Systems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Haykin, Simon, and M. Moher. Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications. 2nd eds., Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2014.",
      "B. P. Lathi and Z. Ding, Modern Analog and Digital Communication Systems, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2017."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Haykin, Digital Communications, Wiley, 1988.",
      "J. G. Proakis, Digital Communication, 5th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2014."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Wireless Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 311",
    "title": "Wireless Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "To accustom the student's deep knowledge in modern digital communication systems at the theoretical & practical level",
      "To understand modern digital wireless communication systems including the cellular concept, mobile radio environment, signals generation, modulation & processing.",
      "To accustom the students with the most advanced standards, the future of digital wireless communication systems & networks.",
      "Students should be able to work in the communication industry & in mobile communication networks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Wireless Channel Modeling",
        "content": "Path Loss, Shadowing, Fast Fading, Rayleigh Fading Channels, Ricean Fading Channels, Bit Error Rate (BER) Performance, Antenna Diversity (Maximal Ratio Combining - MRC), BER Performance with Diversity, Types of Diversity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: WSSUS Channel Modeling",
        "content": "RMS Delay Spread, Doppler Fading, Jakes Model, Autocorrelation, Jakes Spectrum, Cellular Frequency Reuse, Frequency Management, Channel Assignment, Handoff Strategies, Trunking Theory, Coverage and Capacity Improvements, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Introduction to CDMA",
        "content": "Walsh Codes, Variable Tree OVSF Codes, Pseudo-Noise (PN) Sequences, Multipath Diversity, RAKE Receiver Architecture, CDMA Synchronization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Introduction to OFDM",
        "content": "Multicarrier Modulation, Cyclic Prefix, Channel Model SNR Performance, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Issue, Frequency Offset"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Introduction to MIMO",
        "content": "MIMO Channel Capacity, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of MIMO Channel, Eigenmodes of MIMO Channel, BLAST Spatial Multiplexing, Alamouti Space-Time Diversity, OSTBC, MIMO Beamforming (MRT), MIMO-OFDM System"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Theodore Rappaport. Wireless Communication: Principles and Practices. Pearson Education 2nd Ed., 2010.",
      "Kamilo Feher. Wireless Digital Communication. PHI, 2009."
    ],
    "references": [
      "John Proakis. Digital communication. Tata-McGraw-Hill, 3rd Ed., 1995.",
      "Simon Haykin. Digital communication. Wiley, 2006."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "CMOS Design": {
    "code": "ECL 312",
    "title": "CMOS Design",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply the fundamental principles of VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) circuit design and layout.",
      "Examine CMOS design fabrication technologies.",
      "Analyse the basic building blocks of large scale CMOS digital integrated circuits along with timing analysis and noise margin constraints.",
      "Design of Analog CMOS circuits.",
      "Investigate the designs of various memories and its performances."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: MOS Structure and Operation",
        "content": "MOS I-V Characteristics, Threshold Voltage Equation, Body Effect, Second Order Effects in MOS, Scaling Theory, Limitations of Scaling, Short-Channel Effects, MOS Small Signal Equivalent Circuit, MOS Capacitors, MOS Switch, Noise in MOS Transistors, Latch-Up Mechanism"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: CMOS Circuit Design Flow",
        "content": "CMOS Fabrication Process Steps, Layout Design Rules"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: CMOS Inverters",
        "content": "Static Logic Gates, Transmission Gates, Dynamic Logic Gates, Noise Margin Computation, Digital Logic Sizing using Logical Effort, Propagation Delay Estimation, Clock Skew, Clock Jitter, Clock Distribution Techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: 6T SRAM Memory Cell",
        "content": "4T DRAM Cell, 3T DRAM Cell, 2T DRAM Cell, 1T DRAM Memory Cell"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: MOS Analog Device Models",
        "content": "Current Sources and Sinks, Voltage References, CMOS Differential Amplifiers, CMOS Operational Amplifiers, Phase Lock Loop (PLL)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "B. Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2017.",
      "R. J. Baker, H. W. Li, and D. E. Boyce, CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, 2nd Ed., Wiley-IEEE Press, 2004"
    ],
    "references": [
      "B. Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2014.",
      "S.-M. Kang and Y. Leblebici, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2002."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Advanced Wireless Networks": {
    "code": "ECL 420",
    "title": "Advanced Wireless Networks",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand various channel model",
      "To understand the principles and algorithms for processing both deterministic and random signals.",
      "To understand the capacity of vector channel",
      "To understand Capacity of MIMO systems",
      "Describe the layering architecture of computer networks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Wireless Channel Models",
        "content": "Frequency Flat Fading Model, Frequency Selective Fading Model, Rayleigh Fading Model, Ricean Fading Model, CDMA, OFDM"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Capacity of Scalar Wireless Channels",
        "content": "Channel Capacity Notion, Capacity of Time Invariant Channels, Capacity of Time Varying Fading Channels"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Capacity of Vector Channels",
        "content": "MISO Channel Capacity, SIMO Channel Capacity, MIMO Channel Capacity, Spatial Multiplexing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Capacity of MIMO Systems",
        "content": "V-BLAST, D-BLAST, Space-Time Block Codes (STBC), Space-Time Trellis Codes (STTC), Multiuser Detection (MUD), Linear Decorrelator, MMSE MUD, Adaptive MUD"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Network Layer Services",
        "content": "Packetizing, Routing and Forwarding, Packet Switching, Datagram Approach, Virtual Circuit Approach, IPv4 Addresses, Address Space, Classful Addressing, Classless Addressing, DHCP, Network Address Resolution, Forwarding of IP Packets, Internet Protocol (IP), Datagram Format, IP Fragmentation, IPv4 Options, Security of IPv4 Datagrams, ICMPv4 Messages, ICMPv4 Debugging Tools, Mobile IP Addressing, Mobile IP Agents, Three Phases of Mobile IP, Inefficiency in Mobile IP"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. Tse and P. Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communication. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.",
      "Forouzan, Data Communications and Networking, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2016 ISBN: 1-25-906475-3"
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.",
      "W. Tomasi, Introduction to Data Communication and Networking, Pearson Education, 2007, ISBN:0130138282",
      "J. G. Proakis, Digital Communications, 5th ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2007.",
      "A. J. Paulraj, R. Nabar, and D. Gore, Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Radio Frequency Circuit Design": {
    "code": "ECL 413",
    "title": "Radio Frequency Circuit Design",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe the components of RF circuits.",
      "Analyze the various diodes and their performances.",
      "Describe the design of RF amplifiers.",
      "Analyze the RF power amplifier.",
      "Describe the components used in analog communication circuits"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: RF Passive Component Characteristics",
        "content": "Passive RLC Networks, Transmission Line Two-Port Modeling, S-Parameter Model, Smith Chart RF Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: SiGe MOSFET Active Devices",
        "content": "GaAs pHEMT, Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBT), MESFET Devices, PIN Diode Device Parameters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Single Stage RF Amplifiers",
        "content": "Multi-Stage RF Amplifiers, Analog Filter Review (Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass, Band Reject), RF Bandwidth Estimation Methods, RF Voltage References and Biasing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) Topologies",
        "content": "LNA Noise Characterization, Power Match vs Noise Match in LNA, LNA Large-Signal Linearity, Class A Power Amplifiers, Class B Power Amplifiers, Class C Power Amplifiers, Class D/E/F Switch-Mode Power Amplifiers, Power Amplifier Modulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: RF Mixers",
        "content": "RF Phase-Locked Loops (PLL), RF Oscillators, RF Synthesizers, Transceiver Architecture Design"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "B. Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill, 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "T. H. Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, 2nd ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.",
      "B. Leung, VLSI for Wireless Communication. Pearson Education, 2002."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Biomedical Engineering": {
    "code": "ECL 430",
    "title": "Biomedical Engineering",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe and characterize the sources of biomedical signals and needs of using biomedical instruments & their limitations.",
      "Understand & describe pc based medical instrumentation & regulation of medical devices.",
      "Describe and characterize medical instruments as per their specifications, static & dynamic characteristics and understand data acquisition system.",
      "Understand, describe, characterize, and design various medical recording systems & their components.",
      "Understand and describe patient monitoring systems and their necessity in healthcare system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Human Body Physiology",
        "content": "Sources of Biomedical Signals, Basic Medical System, Performance Requirements of Medical Instrumentation, Microprocessors in Medical Instruments, Design Constraints of Medical Systems, Regulation of Medical Devices"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Specifications of Medical Instruments",
        "content": "Medical Instrument Static Characteristics, Medical Instrument Dynamic Characteristics, Classification of Measurement Errors, Statistical Analysis in Medical Measurements, Medical Reliability, Accuracy, Fidelity, Speed of Response, Linearization Techniques, Medical Data Acquisition System"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Origin of Bioelectric Signals",
        "content": "Electrodes, Electrode-Tissue Interface, Galvanic Skin Response, Motion Artifacts, Instrumentation Amplifiers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Basic Recording Systems",
        "content": "Measurement of Electrical Quantities in Body, Measurement of Non-Electrical Quantities in Body, Signal Conditioners, Medical Preamplifiers, Isolation Amplifiers, Electrocardiograph (ECG), Vector Cardiograph, Phonocardiograph, Electroencephalograph (EEG), Electromyography (EMG)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Patient Monitoring Systems",
        "content": "Cardiac Monitor, Bedside Patient Monitors, Central Patient Monitors, Heart Rate Meter, Pulse Rate Meter, Holter Monitor, Cardiac Stress Test, Cardiac Catheterization Instrumentation, Patient Isolation, Accident Prevention in Healthcare"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio-Medical Instrumentation, 2nd ed. Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.",
      "L. Cromwell, F. J. Weibell, and E. A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement, 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall of India, 2003."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. Webster, Bioinstrumentation. Wiley & Sons, 2003.",
      "J. D. Bronzino, The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2000."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electronic System Design": {
    "code": "ECL 313",
    "title": "Electronic System Design",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the basic principles and operations of devices such as Bipolar Junction Transistors, Operational Amplifiers, Filters, Data converters (D/A, A/D), Timer and Power Supply Systems.",
      "Design and analyze digital systems.",
      "Understand the coupling mechanisms that occur in a cable during signal transmission, grounding principles, and shielding methods.",
      "Implement balancing and filtering techniques in electronic systems for optimized power line quality and apply ESD protection measures effectively to enhance system reliability.",
      "Analyze the influence of packaging on electronic system performance and design factors affecting packaging."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Passive Component Specifications",
        "content": "Non-Ideal Passive Behavior, Op-Amp DC Bias Offset and Drift, Op-Amp Slew Rate and Noise, Instrumentation Amplifier Design Issues, Error Budget Analysis, Isolation Amplifiers, Active Filter Design, ADC and DAC Interfacing, Full Wave Bridge Regulated Power Supply Design, Mixed Signal Circuit Layout and Grounding"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: CMOS and BiCMOS Logic Datasheets",
        "content": "CMOS Logic Electrical Behavior, 5V to 3.3V Logic Level Migration, CMOS/TTL Interfacing, JTAG IEEE 1149.1 Considerations, Design for Testability (DFT), Digital System Reliability Estimation, PCB Design Rules for Reduced EMI"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Capacitive Cable Coupling",
        "content": "Inductive Cable Coupling, Magnetic Shielding, Coaxial vs Shielded Twisted Pair Cables, Safety Grounds, Signal Grounds, Single-Point Ground Systems, Multipoint Ground Systems, Hybrid Ground Layout, Hardware Ground Loops"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Power Line Filtering",
        "content": "Power Supply Decoupling, High Frequency Filtering, System Bandwidth, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Static Generation, Human Body Model (HBM), Equipment ESD Protection, Software ESD Protection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Electronic System Environmental Specifications",
        "content": "Enclosure Design, Influence of Packaging, Heat Transfer Mechanisms, Thermal Calculations for Electronics, Heat Sink Selection"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "K. R. Fowler, Electronic Instrument Design, 1st ed. Oxford Univ. Press, 1996.",
      "H. W. Ott, Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, 1988."
    ],
    "references": [
      "W. Bosshart, Printed Circuit Boards: Design and Technology, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1983.",
      "J. F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and Practices, Prentice Hall, 2000."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Satellite Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 433",
    "title": "Satellite Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe the motion dynamics of satellites.",
      "Discuss the subsystems of the satellite.",
      "Examine the uplink and downlink communication design.",
      "Analyzing the different modulation techniques for satellite communications.",
      "Describe the Earth station system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Orbital Aspects of Satellite Communication",
        "content": "Orbit Mechanisms, Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, Equation of Orbit, Locating Satellite in Orbit, Orbital Elements, Orbital Area Coverage, Look Angles, Slant Range Calculation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS)",
        "content": "Telemetry Tracking and Command System (TTC), Satellite Transponders, Satellite Power Subsystems, Communications Subsystems, Satellite Antennas"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Satellite Link Design",
        "content": "System Noise Temperature, G/T Ratio, Downlink Design, Uplink Design, Baseband Noise Signal C/N Ratio"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Digital Satellite Links",
        "content": "Frequency Allocations, Channel Allocations, QPSK Modulation, QAM Modulation, Bit Error Rate (BER) Analysis, Satellite Medium Access Methods"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Earth Station Technology",
        "content": "Low Noise Earth Station Design, Earth Station Equipment, VSAT Systems Overview, VSAT Access Control Protocols, VSAT Multiple Access Selection, VSAT Coding and Interference Issues"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "T. Pratt, C. Bostian, and J. Allnutt, Satellite Communications, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2003.",
      "W. L. Pritchard, H. G. Suyderhoud, and R. A. Nelson, Satellite Communication Systems Engineering, 4th Ed., Pearson Education, 2008."
    ],
    "references": [
      "W. Tomasi, Advanced Electronic Communications Systems, 6th ed., Prentice Hall of India, 2015.",
      "D. Roddy, Satellite Communications, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2003."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "RADAR Engineering": {
    "code": "ECL 434",
    "title": "RADAR Engineering",
    "outcomes": [
      "To learn Radar Fundamentals like Radar Equations, Operating frequencies and applications.",
      "To understand the basic concepts of different types of Radars for surveillance and tracking.",
      "To know the various types of tracking techniques involved.",
      "To understand Radar Receivers and its related applications.",
      "To know about MTI filters, displays and antennas."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Maximum Unambiguous Range",
        "content": "Radar Waveforms, Simple Form of Radar Equation, Radar Block Diagram, Radar Frequencies and Applications, Range Performance Prediction, Minimum Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, Modified Radar Range Equation, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Envelope Detector, False Alarm Time, False Alarm Probability, Integration of Radar Pulses, Target Radar Cross Section, PRF Ambiguities, System Losses"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Doppler Effect",
        "content": "CW Radar Block Diagram, Transmitter and Receiver Isolation, Non-Zero IF Receiver, Receiver Bandwidth Requirements, FM-CW Radar, Range Measurement, Doppler Measurement, FM-CW Altimeter, Multiple Frequency CW Radar"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: MTI Radar with Power Amplifier Transmitter",
        "content": "MTI Radar with Power Oscillator Transmitter, Delay Line Cancellers, Blind Speeds, Double Cancellation, Staggered PRFs, Range Gated Doppler Filters, MTI vs Pulse Doppler Radar, Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Monopulse Tracking Radar, Amplitude Comparison Monopulse, Range Tracking, Scanning Patterns"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Detection of Radar Signals in Noise",
        "content": "Matched Filter Receiver Characteristics, Matched Filter Derivation, Correlation Function Receiver, Cross-Correlation Receiver, Efficiency of Non-Matched Filters, Matched Filter with Non-White Noise"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Radar Receivers Noise Figure",
        "content": "Noise Temperature, Radar Display Types, Phased Array Antennas Concepts, Phased Array Radiation Pattern, Beam Steering, Beam Width Changes"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar Systems, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "B. Edde, Radar Principles, Technology, Applications, Pearson Education, 2004.",
      "P. Z. Peebles Jr., Radar Principles, New York: Wiley, 1998.",
      "M. A. Richards et al., Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles, Yesdee Publishing, 2013."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Optical Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 436",
    "title": "Optical Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "Enables students to develop a full understanding of the components and the design and operation of optical fiber communication systems",
      "To understand the principles of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems, RF photonic systems and passive optical networks (PONs).",
      "To understand the characteristics and limitations of system components like laser diodes, external modulators, optical fiber, and optical amplifiers.",
      "Students will be able to analyze the performance of both analog and digital optical fiber systems",
      "Students will be able to calculate the system bandwidth, noise, probability of error and maximum usable bit rate of a digital fibre system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Optical Fibre Concepts",
        "content": "Nature of Light, Light as Electromagnetic Wave, Light Polarization, Interference, Transmitting Light on Fibre, Refractive Index, Fibre Refractive Index Profiles"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Modes of Propagation",
        "content": "Light Propagation in Multimode Fibre, Snell's Law in Fibre, Critical Angle, Numerical Aperture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)",
        "content": "Semiconductor Junction Diode, Construction and Operation of LEDs, Heterojunction LEDs, Characteristics of LEDs, LASER Principle, Semiconductor Laser Diodes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Photoconductors",
        "content": "Photodiodes, P-N Diodes, P-I-N Diodes, Schottky-Barrier Photodiodes, Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs), Hetero-Interface Photodetectors, Traveling Wave Photodetectors, Phototransistors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Point-to-Point Transmission Systems",
        "content": "Optical Modulation Techniques, On-Off Keying, Multi-State Coding, Forward Error Correction, Receiving Signal in Optical Links, Timing Recovery, Bandwidth Occupancy"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "J. M. Senior, Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice, 3rd Ed. Pearson Education, 2009."
    ],
    "references": [
      "D. C. Agrawal, Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, 3rd Ed. Wiley, 2002.",
      "G. Keiser, Optical Fiber Communications, 4th Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2010"
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "IC Fabrication": {
    "code": "ECL 340",
    "title": "IC Fabrication",
    "outcomes": [
      "To enable the students to understand how a silicon wafer is turned into an operating chip by learning the fundamentals of IC design.",
      "To develop the basis of IC fabrication by learning the initial processing of wafer by crystal growth and epitaxy.",
      "To analyse the series of processes that establishes the shapes, dimensions and placement of required physical components of IC on the wafer surface layer, understands different types of lithography. The principles and practice of the oxidation, doping techniques, diffusion and ion implantation.",
      "Carry out the process integration needed to produce NMOS and CMOS transistors.",
      "Design of Integrated Circuit by understanding the IC packaging."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: IC Classifications",
        "content": "IC Design Flow, Crystal Growth Czochralski (CZ) Method, Wafer Terminology, Silicon Crystalline Orientations, Silicon Crystal Defects"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Epitaxial Growth Techniques",
        "content": "Clean Room Requirements, Thermal Oxidation of Silicon, Dopant Diffusion Mechanisms, Ion Implantation Technology"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Thin Film Deposition and Growth",
        "content": "Chemical Etching, Dry Etching, Wafer Cleaning, Photolithography Process Steps, Metallization Interconnects"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Process Integration",
        "content": "Basic NMOS Fabrication Sequence, CMOS Fabrication Process Flow"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Die Separation Techniques",
        "content": "IC Package Types, Die Attachment Methods"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. K. Ghandhi, VLSI Fabrication Principles: Silicon and Gallium Arsenide, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1994.",
      "S. M. Sze, VLSI Technology, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1998."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. Y. Chen, CMOS Devices and Technology for VLSI, 1st Ed., Prentice Hall, 1990.",
      "P. Van Zant, Microchip Fabrication: A Practical Guide to Semiconductor Processing, 6th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2013."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Neuro Fuzzy Techniques": {
    "code": "BEL 402",
    "title": "Neuro Fuzzy Techniques",
    "outcomes": [
      "This course intends to give students the fundamentals of image and video processing and communications.",
      "Students would learn various standard image and video codecs",
      "Students would have learn the architectures of the state -of-the-art image and video codecs",
      "Students would have lea rn the Fuzzy Set and Fuzzy Logic Controller.",
      "Students would have learn the Fuzzy Neurons"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: History of Neural Networks",
        "content": "Biological Neuro-System Overview, Mathematical Neuron Models, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Architectures"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Supervised Learning Paradigms",
        "content": "Unsupervised Learning Paradigms, Reinforcement Learning Rules, Learning Tasks Formulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Single Layer Perceptron Training",
        "content": "Multilayer Perceptron Training, Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Applications of Artificial Neural Networks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Fuzzy Sets Operations",
        "content": "Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy Implication Rules, Approximate Reasoning Principles, Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Implementing Fuzzy IF-THEN Rules by Trainable Neural Nets",
        "content": "Fuzzy Neurons Architecture, Hybrid Neural Networks, Neuro-Fuzzy Classifiers"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "T. J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, McGraw-Hill, 2004.",
      "S. Haykin, Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, Prentice-Hall, 1999."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J.-S. R. Jang et al., Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing, Prentice-Hall, 1997.",
      "K. Mehrotra et al., Elements of Artificial Neural Networks, MIT Press, 1997."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electronic Engineering Materials": {
    "code": "ASL 301",
    "title": "Electronic Engineering Materials",
    "outcomes": [
      "To recall the concept of various properties of the material and their applications in designing electronic devices and components.",
      "To analyse behaviour of dielectric and magnetic materials under various conditions.",
      "To analyse behaviour of Conductive and superconducting materials under various conditions.",
      "To identify the appropriate engineering materi als considering its electrical, magnetic, other relevant properties, cost and safety factors for specific engineering applications",
      "To learn to think and work like professional scientists and engineers."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Static Field Dielectric Polarization",
        "content": "Dielectric Constant, Ferroelectric Materials, Piezoelectric Materials, Pyroelectric Materials, Alternating Field Dielectrics, Complex Dielectric Constant, Dipolar Relaxation, Dielectric Loss Tangent, Dielectric Breakdown, Capacitor Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Soft Magnetic Materials",
        "content": "Hard Magnetic Materials, Ferrites Properties, Transformer Magnetic Cores, Relays, Memory Elements, Magnetic Resistors, Magnetic Tapes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Multiferroic Materials Introduction",
        "content": "Types of Multiferroics, Multiferroic Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Pure Metals Conductivity",
        "content": "Alloy Conductivity, Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity, High Conductivity Materials, Fixed Resistors, Variable Resistors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Superconductivity Fundamentals",
        "content": "Type-I Superconductors, Type-II Superconductors, High Temperature Superconductivity Mechanisms, Applications of Superconductivity"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A. J. Dekker, Electrical Engineering Materials. Prentice-Hall of India, 1992.",
      "S. P. Seth, A Course in Electrical Engineering Materials, Dhanpat Rai, 2003.",
      "S. O. Kasap, Principles of Electronic Materials and Devices, McGraw-Hill, 2002."
    ],
    "references": [
      "M. A. Joshi, Electronic Components and Materials, SPD Publications, 2006.",
      "S. O. Pillai, Solid State Physics, New Age International Publishers, 1999."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electromagnetic Interference - Electromagnetic Compatibility": {
    "code": "ECL 443",
    "title": "Electromagnetic Interference - Electromagnetic Compatibility",
    "outcomes": [
      "Examine the concepts of Real -world EMC design.",
      "Justify the basic electromagnetic compatibility problems.",
      "Prioritize Interconnection Techniques along with Cable routing & connection.",
      "Plan high speed Printed Circuit board with minimum interference.",
      "Design electronic systems that function without errors or problems related to Electromagnetic compatibility."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Common EMC Units",
        "content": "EMC Requirements for Electronic Systems, Radiated Emissions, Conducted Emissions, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: EMC Application Wires",
        "content": "PCB Lands EMC Design, Component Leads Parasitics, Resistors EMC Behavior, Capacitors EMC Behavior, Inductors EMC Behavior, Ferrites, Electromechanical Devices EMC, Mechanical Switches Noise Suppression"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Wire Emission Models",
        "content": "PCB Trace Crosstalk, Digital Circuit Reflection Issues, Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN), Power Supply EMI Filters, SMPS Noise Mitigation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Three Conductor Line Crosstalk",
        "content": "Shielded Wires, Twisted Pair Wires, Multiconductor Lines Incident Field Effects, Electromagnetic Shielding, Hardware ESD Event Prevention"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: EMC System Grounding Architectures",
        "content": "System Configuration, PCB Design for Signal Integrity, EMI Standards and Regulations"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "C. R. Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2nd Ed. Wiley -Interscience, 2006.",
      "D. A. Weston, Electromagnetic Compatibility: Methods, Analysis, Circuits, and Measurement, 3rd Ed. CRC Press, 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "R. Schmitt, Electromagnetics Explained: A Handbook for Wireless/RF, EMC, Elsevier, 2002.",
      "V. P. Kodali, Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2nd Ed. IEEE Press, 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Process Instrumentation": {
    "code": "ECL 457",
    "title": "Process Instrumentation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze the process control system and evaluation.",
      "Applications of electronic and pneumatic controller in control systems.",
      "Illustrate PID controller for improving the transient response.",
      "To discuss final control elements",
      "Compare and analysis of conventional and smart tuning techniques."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Process Control System Evaluation Metrics",
        "content": "ON-OFF Control Logic, Time Proportional Control, Proportional Action, Integral Action, Derivative Action, Time-Domain Feedback Control Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Pneumatic P/PD/PI/PID Controllers",
        "content": "Hydraulic Controllers, Electronic Controllers, Ratio Control Systems, Split Range Control, Cascade Control, Feed Forward Control"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Rate Feedback Actions",
        "content": "Closed Loop Steady State Behaviour, Open Loop Transfer Function Types, Steady State Error Improvement"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Control Valve Principles",
        "content": "Valve Plug Characteristics, Control Valve Selection, Valve Sizing Calculations, Pneumatic Actuators, Hydraulic Actuators"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Ziegler-Nichols Controller Tuning",
        "content": "Classical Controller Tuning Methods, Genetic Algorithm (GA) Tuning Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Tuning"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. P. Eckman, Automatic Process Control. Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2003.",
      "D. Patranabis, Principles of Process Control, 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw-Hill, 1999."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. K. Singh, Industrial Instrumentation, 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.",
      "C. D. Johnson, Process Control Instrumentation Technology, 8th Ed. Prentice Hall, 2006."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electronic Instrumentation": {
    "code": "ECL 309",
    "title": "Electronic Instrumentation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Examine the working principle of basic electronic instruments.",
      "Measure various electrical quantities with desired accuracy, precision and resolution.",
      "Mathematically model and analyse an electronic instrument.",
      "Design an instrument as per the requirements of measurand.",
      "Demonstrate ability to select suitable instruments for measurement of physical quantity."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Accuracy and Precision",
        "content": "Significant Figures, Types of Measurement Errors, Statistical Error Analysis, Probability of Errors, Limiting Errors, Instrument Functional Elements, Active Transducers, Passive Transducers, Analog vs Digital Operation Modes, Null Deflection Methods, Measuring Instrument Input-Output Configuration"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: PMMC Galvanometer",
        "content": "DC Ammeters, DC Voltmeter, Series Type Ohmmeter, Shunt Type Ohmmeter, Multimeter, Electrodynamometer Wattmeter, Instrumentation Transformer, Wheatstone Bridge Operation, Wheatstone Measurement Errors, Guarded Wheatstone Bridge, Kelvin Double Bridge, Maxwell's Bridge, Hay Bridge, Schering Bridge, Wien Bridge, Amplified DC Meter, AC Voltmeter, Electronic Multimeter, Digital Voltmeter (DVM), Q-Meter"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Transducers as Input Elements",
        "content": "Force Measurement Methods, Torque Measurement, Pressure Measurement, Sound Measurement, Temperature Measurement Standards, Calibration Methods, Thermocouples, Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD), Semiconductor Temperature Sensors, Digital Thermometers, Bonded Strain Gauges, Unbonded Strain Gauges, Gauge Factor, Temperature Compensation Methods, Biomedical Measurement Sensors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Block Diagram",
        "content": "CRT Circuits, Oscilloscope Deflection Systems, Delay Line in Oscilloscope, Multiple Trace Oscilloscope, Simple Frequency Counters, Strip XY Recorder, Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO), Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO), Transducer Signal Conditioning Techniques, Gain Clipping, Signal Filtering, Signal Amplification, Data Logger, IEEE 488 Bus Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Introduction",
        "content": "Relay Logic, PLC Ladder Diagram Programming, SCADA Systems Introduction"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "W. D. Cooper and A. D. Helfrick, Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Prentice-Hall of India, 2002.",
      "E. O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems: Application and Design, McGraw-Hill, 2003."
    ],
    "references": [
      "H. S. Kalsi, Electronic Instrumentation, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2010.",
      "A. K. Sawhney, Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, 2011."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Sensors and Antennas for Biomedical Applications": {
    "code": "ECL 341",
    "title": "Sensors and Antennas for Biomedical Applications",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the basic working principles of various sensors and antennas for biomedical applications.",
      "Identify and analyze various sensor structures and sensing principles.",
      "Understand, analyze and infer how wearable and implantable antennas can be used for health care applications.",
      "Understand the importance of telemetry link and safety regulations involved in biomedical applications",
      "Analyze wireless power transfer between wearable/implantable medical devices with external units ."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Biomedical Sensors Classification",
        "content": "Static and Dynamic Measurement Characteristics, Patch Antennas, Slot Antennas, Linear Polarized Patch Antenna, Circular Polarized Patch Antenna, Wideband Antennas, Fractal Antennas"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Thermoresistive Effect",
        "content": "Thermoelectric Effect, Piezoelectric Sensing Effect, Pyroelectric Sensing Effect, Mechanical Sensors in Biomedicine, Ultrasound Imaging Sensors, Magnetic Field Sensors, Inkjet-Printed Smart Skins for Wearables"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Wearable Antennas Application",
        "content": "Implantable Antennas Application, Wearable Antenna Size Challenges, Impedance Matching Challenges, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), 5G Wearable Antennas, Body Tissue Phantom Models (Skin, Muscle, Fat), Body Tissue Antenna Impact, Antenna Orientation inside Body, Link Budget Calculation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Biomedical Telemetry Device Design",
        "content": "Biosensor Communication Technologies, Telemetry Propagation Issues, Biomedical Telemetry Safety and Security, Health Regulatory Bodies and Standards"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Implantable Device Battery Wireless Charging",
        "content": "Near Field Wireless Power Transfer, Far Field Wireless Power Transfer, Power Transfer Efficiency in Implantable Environment"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "T. Togawa et. al., Biomedical Sensors and Instruments, CRC Press, 2011",
      "C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 4th Ed., Wiley, 2016."
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. W. Rudge, The handbook of Antenna Design, IEE Electromagnetic Wave Series, 1982",
      "G. Harsanyi, Sensors in Biomedical Applications, CRC Press, 2000.",
      "K. S. Nikita, Handbook of Biomedical Telemetry, 1st Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2014."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Microsystems and MEMS": {
    "code": "ECL 460",
    "title": "Microsystems and MEMS",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand and apply concepts of microfabrication and micromachining.",
      "Understand working of micro -sensors and their fabrication.",
      "Understand working of micro -actuators and their fabrication.",
      "Understand different surface micromachining techniques.",
      "Study and understand modern MEMS areas."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Integrated Circuit Fabrication Processes",
        "content": "Bulk Micromachining Isotropic Etching, Anisotropic Silicon Etching, Wafer Bonding Techniques, High Aspect-Ratio LIGA Process"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Physical Micro-Sensors Classification",
        "content": "Smart Sensors, Thermal Sensors, Electrical Sensors, Mechanical Sensors, Chemical Micro-Sensors, Biosensors"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Electromagnetic Micro-Actuation",
        "content": "Thermal Micro-Actuation, Micro-Valves, Micro-Pumps, Micro-Motors, Ink-Jet Printer Heads, Micro-Mirror TV Projector"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Surface Micromachining Sacrificial Layer Process",
        "content": "Polysilicon Surface Micromachining, Silicon Dioxide Thin Films, Silicon Nitride Thin Films, Piezoelectric Materials, Surface Micro-Machined Gear Trains"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: 3-D Electromagnetic Actuators",
        "content": "Photonic MEMS Devices, DNA-Chip Medical Microsystems, Micro-Arrays, RF MEMS Components in Communications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. A. Campbell, The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication, Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.",
      "G. K. Ananthasuresh et al., Micro and Smart Systems, Wiley-India, 2010."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. M. Sze, Modern Semiconductor Device Physics, Wiley Eastern, 1998.",
      "J. W. Gardner et al., Microsensors, MEMS, and Smart Devices, Wiley, 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Microwave Devices": {
    "code": "ECL 461",
    "title": "Microwave Devices",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe the use of Microwave frequency and components.",
      "Describe the use and advantages of compound semiconductor -based devices.",
      "Describe the limitation of conventional vacuum devices.",
      "Analyze the linear Microwave devices.",
      "Analyze the cross -field Microwave devices"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Microwave Frequencies Band",
        "content": "Scattering Parameters (S-Parameters), E-Plane Tee, H-Plane Tee, Magic Tee, Two-Hole Directional Coupler, Microwave Isolator, Microwave Circulator"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Gunn-Effect Diodes",
        "content": "Ridley-Watkins-Hilsum (RWH) Theory, Differential Negative Resistance, Two-Valley Model Theory, LSA Diode, InP Diode Modes of Operation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Read Diode Physical Description",
        "content": "Avalanche Multiplication, IMPATT Diode Structure, TRAPATT Diode Operation, BARITT Diode Output Power, PIN Microwave Diode"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Limitations of Vacuum Devices at Microwave Frequencies",
        "content": "Reentrant Cavities, Two-Cavity Klystron Velocity Modulation, Reflex Klystron Current Modulation, Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) Slow-Wave Structure"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Linear Magnetrons",
        "content": "Cylindrical Magnetrons, Forward-Wave Cross-Field Amplifier, Backward-Wave Cross-Field Amplifier, Backward-Wave Cross-Field Oscillator"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S.Y. Liao, Microwave Devices and Circuits, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall, 1990.",
      "A. Das and S. K. Das, Microwave Engineering, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2020."
    ],
    "references": [
      "D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 3rd ed. John Wiley India, 2008.",
      "S. Das, Microwave Engineering, 2nd ed. Oxford Higher Education, 2015."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Digital Image Processing": {
    "code": "ECL 415",
    "title": "Digital Image Processing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Review the fundamental concepts of a digital image processing system",
      "Analyze images in the spatial and frequency domain using various transforms.",
      "Evaluate the techniques for image enhancement and image restoration.",
      "Able to apply various image compression and Segmentation used in digital image processing",
      "Implement selected algorithms in real time applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Elements of Visual Perception",
        "content": "Digital Image Fundamentals, Basic Image Processing Steps"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: 2D Image Transforms",
        "content": "Spatial Domain Image Enhancement, Frequency Domain Image Enhancement, Linear Gray Level Transformations, Histogram Equalization, Histogram Specification, Spatial Smoothing Filters, Spatial Sharpening Filters, Image Degradation Models, Image Restoration, Inverse Filtering, Wiener Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Image Reconstruction from Projections",
        "content": "Radon Transform, Projection Theorem of Computerized Tomography"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Morphological Image Dilation",
        "content": "Morphological Erosion, Morphological Thinning Algorithms, Edge Detection Operators, Edge Linking, Boundary Detection, Watershed Segmentation Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Object Recognition Introduction",
        "content": "Color Image Processing, RGB Color Model, HSI Color Model, Gray Level to Color Transformation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R.C. Gonzalez, and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, 2002.",
      "A. K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, 1st Ed., Prentice-Hall Inc., 1989."
    ],
    "references": [
      "W.K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, 3rd Ed., JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Pattern Recognition": {
    "code": "ECL 421",
    "title": "Pattern Recognition",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply basic concepts in pattern recognition",
      "Gain knowledge about state-of-the-art algorithms used in pattern recognition research,",
      "Analyze pattern recognition theories, such as Bayes classifier, linear discriminant analysis.",
      "Apply pattern recognition techniques in practical problems.",
      "To solve engineering value problem using ANN."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Probability",
        "content": "Independence of Events, Conditional Probability, Joint Probability, Bayes Theorem, Stationary Random Processes, Non-stationary Random Processes, Expectation, Autocorrelation, Cross-Correlation, Spectra"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Inner Product",
        "content": "Outer Product, Inverses, Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, Singular Values, Singular Vectors, Bayes Decision Theory, Minimum-Error-Rate Classification, Classifiers, Discriminant Functions, Decision Surfaces, Normal Density, Discrete Features"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Maximum-Likelihood Estimation",
        "content": "Maximum a Posteriori Estimation, Bayesian Estimation, Unsupervised Learning, Clustering Criterion Functions, K-Means Clustering, Hierarchical Clustering, Cluster Validation, Gaussian Mixture Models, Expectation-Maximization Method, Maximum Entropy Estimation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Sequential Pattern Recognition",
        "content": "Discrete Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), Continuous HMMs, Parzen-Window Method, K-Nearest Neighbour Method, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Fisher Discriminant Analysis, Eigenvectors as Dictionaries, Factor Analysis, Total Variability Space, Non Negative Matrix Factorization, Gradient Descent Procedures, Perceptron, Support Vector Machines"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Multilayer Perceptron",
        "content": "Feedforward Neural Network, Deep Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, Recurrent Neural Networks, Non-Metric Classification Methods, Decision Trees, Classification and Regression Trees (CART)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R.O. Duda, P.E. Hart, and D.G. Stork, Pattern Classification, 2nd Ed., JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. , 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "T.M. Mitchell, Machine learning, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997.",
      "S. Theodoridis, and K. Koutroumbas, Pattern recognition, 2nd ed., Academic Press, Elsevier, 2003."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Image and Video Communication": {
    "code": "ECL 416",
    "title": "Image and Video Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "This course intends to give students the fundamentals of image and video processing and communications.",
      "Students would learn filtering techniques in spatial and frequency domains.",
      "Students would learn various standard image and video codecs",
      "Students would have learn the architectures of the state-of-the-art image and video codecs",
      "Students will learn to implement selected algorithms in MATLAB or C-language."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Color Image Capture",
        "content": "Color Image Representation, Color Coordinate Conversion, Contrast Enhancement, Spatial Domain Linear Convolution Filtering, Median Filtering, Morphological Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: 2D Fourier Transform",
        "content": "Frequency Domain Linear Convolution, 2D Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), 2D DFT Domain Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Image Sampling",
        "content": "Image Resizing, Geometric Transformations, Image Registration, Video Motion Characterization, Video Motion Estimation, Video Stabilization, Panoramic View Generation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Entropy Coding Techniques",
        "content": "Vector Quantization, Predictive Coding, Transform Coding, JPEG Image Compression Standard, Wavelet Transform, JPEG2000 Standard, Adaptive Spatial Video Prediction, Temporal Video Prediction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: MPEGx Video Coding Standards",
        "content": "H26x Video Coding Standards, Stereo Image Processing, Multi-View Video Processing, Depth from Disparity, Disparity Estimation, Video Synthesis"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Y. Wang, J. Ostermann, and Y.Q. Zhang, Video Processing and Communications, Prentice Hall, 2002."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. W. Woods, Multidimensional Signal, Image and Video Processing and Coding, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2012.",
      "R.C. Gonzalez, and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, 2002."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Wavelets": {
    "code": "ECL 411",
    "title": "Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Wavelets",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze multirate DSP systems.",
      "Determine coefficients for perfect reproduction filter banks and wavelets.",
      "Choose parameters to take a wavelet transform, and interpret and process the result.",
      "Analytical Solution for real time solutions using wavelet techniques.",
      "Designing of digital signal processing system for image and video compression"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Origin of Wavelets",
        "content": "Haar Wavelet, Dyadic Wavelet, Dilates and Translates of Haar Wavelets, L2 Norm of Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Equivalence of Functions and Sequences",
        "content": "Angle Between Functions Decomposition, Direct-Sum Concept, Haar Analysis Filter Bank in Z-Domain, Haar Synthesis Filter Bank in Z-Domain"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Frequency Response of Haar Low Pass Filter Bank",
        "content": "Frequency Response of Haar High Pass Filter Bank, Two-Band Filter Banks, Realizable Two-Band Filter Bank, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) of Images"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Fourier Transform of Scaling Functions",
        "content": "Construction of Scaling Functions, Construction of Wavelet Functions, Scaling and Wavelet Demonstrations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Speech Compression",
        "content": "Audio Compression, Image Compression, Video Compression, Wavelet Signal Denoising, Wavelet Feature Extraction, Inverse Problems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. Vetterli, and J. Kovacevic, Wavelets and Subband Coding, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1995.",
      "S. Mallat, A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, Elsevier, 1999."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J. C. Goswami, Fundamentals of Wavelets: Theory, Algorithms, and Applications, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2011.",
      "G. Strang, and T. Q. Nguyen, Wavelets and Filter Banks, Wellesley-Cambridge Press, 1997."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Adaptive Signal Processing": {
    "code": "ECL 414",
    "title": "Adaptive Signal Processing",
    "outcomes": [
      "To gain the importance of signal processing in non stationary environment through various applications and to understand the basics of adaptive filters as a means for adaptive signal processing.",
      "To develop the understanding of mathematical modelling of various adaptive filters.",
      "To develop the understanding of various error (cost) functions",
      "To develop the understanding of various error minimization schemes.",
      "To extend the knowledge gained about adaptive filter theory to some signal processing applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Adaptive Filter Structures",
        "content": "Adaptive Filter Cost Functions, Applications of Adaptive Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Mean Ergodic Theorem",
        "content": "Correlation Matrix Properties, Stochastic Models, Eigen Analysis of Stochastic Processes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Principle of Orthogonality",
        "content": "Minimum Mean-Squared Error (MMSE), Wiener-Hopf Equations, MMSE Cost Function, Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance Filter, Forward Linear Prediction, Backward Linear Prediction, Levinson Algorithm, Lattice Adaptive Filters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Steepest-Descent Algorithm Stability",
        "content": "Least Mean Square (LMS) Algorithm Properties, Eigen System Decomposition, Gradient Search Technique, Recursive LMS (RLMS) Algorithm, Least Squares Principle, Recursive Least Squares (RLS) Algorithm Properties"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Mathematical Modelling of Adaptive Filter Theory for Practical Signal Processing Applications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory, 5th Ed., Pearson, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J.R. Treichler, C. R. Johnson Jr., M.G. Larimore, Theory and Design of Adaptive Filters, Prentice Hall, 2001.",
      "B. Widrow, and S.D. Stearns, Adaptive Signal Processing, Prentice Hall-PTR, 1985."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Coding Techniques": {
    "code": "ECL 439",
    "title": "Coding Techniques",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand the mutual information and channel capacity.",
      "To Illustrate source coding and channel coding techniques.",
      "To Examine the channel performance using information theory.",
      "Mathematically formulate the error correction codes.",
      "Design a digital communication system using appropriate error correcting codes."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Information Theory Introduction",
        "content": "Entropy Properties, Source Coding Theorem, Huffman Coding, Shannon-Fano Coding, Lempel Ziv Algorithm, Run Length Encoding, Discrete Memoryless Channel, Mutual Information, Audio Compression, Video Compression, JPEG Coding"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Channel Capacity",
        "content": "Channel Coding Theorem, Differential Entropy, Information Capacity Theorem, Linear Block Codes, Syndrome Error Detection, Standard Array Syndrome Decoding, Single Parity Check Codes, Repetition Codes, Dual Codes, Hamming Code, Golay Code, Interleaved Code"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Galois Field",
        "content": "Primitive Elements, Primitive Polynomials, Generator Polynomial for Cyclic Codes, Generator Matrix for Systematic Cyclic Code, Syndrome Decoding of Cyclic Codes, Binary BCH Code, Reed-Solomon (RS) Codes, Cyclic Hamming Code, Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Code, Forward Error Correction (FEC), Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Convolutional Code Introduction",
        "content": "State Diagram, Convolutional Code Polynomial Description, Generator Matrix of Convolutional Code, Tree Diagram, Trellis Diagram, Sequential Decoding, Viterbi Decoding Algorithm, LDPC Codes, Turbo Codes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Error Probability Plane",
        "content": "Nyquist Minimum Bandwidth, Shannon Hartley Theorem, Bandwidth Efficiency Plane, Modulation and Coding Tradeoffs, Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Euclidean Distance in TCM, Asymptotic Coding Gain, Set Partitioning Mapping, Ungerboeck's TCM Design Rules"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R. Bose, Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography, 2nd Ed. McGraw -Hill, 2008.",
      "J. C. Moreira and P. G. Farrell, Essentials of Error -Control Coding. Wiley, 2006."
    ],
    "references": [
      "B. Sklar, Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd Ed. Pearson Education, 2001.",
      "S. Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2001.",
      "S. Lin and D. J. Costello, Error Control Coding, 2nd ed. Pearson, 2004.",
      "K. Sayood, Introduction to Data Compression, 3rd ed. Morgan Kaufmann, 2006."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Wireless Sensor Networks": {
    "code": "ECL 432",
    "title": "Wireless Sensor Networks",
    "outcomes": [
      "Familirize with the WSN",
      "Understanding issues with MAC protocols in WSN",
      "Understnanding data transmission protocols associated with WSN",
      "Able to apply QoS parameters in WSN for different applications.",
      "Capability to design node architecture."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sensor Networks Overview",
        "content": "Unique Constraints and Challenges, Applications of WSN, MANETs vs Wireless Sensor Networks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Enabling Technologies for WSN",
        "content": "Routing Protocols in WSN, MAC Protocols Classification, S-MAC Protocol, B-MAC Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: IEEE 802.15.4 Standard",
        "content": "ZigBee Protocol, Data Dissemination Protocols, Data Gathering, Data Fusion, Quality of Sensor Network"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Real-Time Traffic Support",
        "content": "WSN Security Protocols, WSN Design Principles, Gateway Concepts, WSN to Internet Communication"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Single-Node Hardware Architecture",
        "content": "Hardware Components, Design Constraints, Operating Systems for WSN, TinyOS, nesC Programming"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "W. Dargie and C. Poellabauer, Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks: Theory and Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.",
      "P. Levis and D. Gay, TinyOS Programming, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Soloman, Sensors Handbook, McGraw-Hill.",
      "F. Zhao and L. Guibas, Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach, Morgan Kaufmann."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Biomedical Signal Processing": {
    "code": "ECL 459",
    "title": "Biomedical Signal Processing",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand the principle of different medical imaging modalities.",
      "To understand basic operations on deterministic signals.",
      "To study algorithms for biomedical image processing.",
      "To study random signals from the point of view of statistical and probabilistic properties",
      "Computer vision applications related to the biomedical domain."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Cardiac Electrophysiology",
        "content": "Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signal Components, Speech Production Source-Filter Model, Spectrographic Speech Analysis, Speech Vocoders, Ultrasound Imaging Modality, X-ray Modality, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), PET Imaging, SPECT Imaging, Surgical Medical Image Processing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Biomedical Time Sampling",
        "content": "Signal Aliasing, Signal Quantization, Discrete-Time Difference Equations, FIR Filters, IIR Filters, Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Overlap-Save Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: 2-D Signal Filtering Extension",
        "content": "2-D Image Interpolation, Image Noise Reduction Methods, Homomorphic Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Probability Density Functions (PDFs) of Bio-Signals",
        "content": "Bayesian Classification, Time Averages, Ensemble Averages, Autocorrelation Functions, Cross Correlation Functions, Power Spectra, Wiener Filtering, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Filtering, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) Artifact Removal"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Biomedical Image Morphological Operators",
        "content": "Connected Components Segmentation, Rigid Image Transformations, Non-Rigid Image Transformations, Joint Entropy Image Registration"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "E.N. Bruce, Biomedical Signal Processing and Signal Modelling, 1st Ed., Wiley, 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "D.C. Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing: Principles and Techniques, McGraw Hill, 2005.",
      "K. Najarian, and R. Splinter, Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, 2nd Ed., CRC Press, 2012"
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Devices and Modelling": {
    "code": "ECL 314",
    "title": "Devices and Modelling",
    "outcomes": [
      "Explain the fundamental principles of semiconductor materials and carrier transport mechanisms.",
      "Analyze junction devices and their characteristics, including breakdown, Schottky barriers, and heterojunctions.",
      "Analyze MOSFET operation and apply basic modeling techniques to evaluate device behavior under various conditions.",
      "Explore advanced solid -state devices and assess their potential applications in modern electronics.",
      "Analyze semiconductor device structures and behavior using modeling tool."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Crystal Structures",
        "content": "Photoelectric Effect, Quantum Mechanics, Energy Bands in Solids, Band Slicing, E-K Diagram, Density of States (DOS), Carrier Drift, Carrier Diffusion, Carrier Generation and Recombination, Continuity Equation, Thermionic Emission, Tunneling, Ballistic Transport"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Semiconductor Equilibrium Condition",
        "content": "Contact Potential, Fermi Level, Space Charge at Junction, Reverse Bias Breakdown, Zener Breakdown, Avalanche Breakdown, Schottky Barrier, Ohmic Contacts, Diode Capacitance, Heterojunctions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: MOS Energy Band Diagram",
        "content": "Flat Band Voltage, Accumulation Region, Depletion Region, Inversion Region, MOS Effective Mobility, Level 1 MOS Models, Short Channel Effects, Velocity Saturation, Channel Length Modulation, DIBL, GIDL, Punch Through Phenomenon, Oxide Capacitances"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Junctionless Transistors",
        "content": "FinFETs, Tunnel FETs (TFET), High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMT), Optoelectronic Photodetectors, Quantum Well Devices, Device Simulation, TCAD Modeling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: SPICE Simulation Introduction",
        "content": "SPICE AC and DC Sweep Analysis, Transfer Functions, Frequency Response Analysis, Feedback Control Analysis, Transient Response Simulation, Semiconductor SPICE Device Models"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. M. Sze and K. K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 3rd Ed. Wiley-Interscience, 2006.",
      "B. G. Streetman and S. Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, 7th Ed. Pearson, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "K. Hess, Advanced Theory of Semiconductor Devices, IEEE Press.",
      "Y. Taur and T. H. Ning, Fundamentals of Modern VLSI Devices, Cambridge University Press."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer Communication Networks": {
    "code": "ECL 410",
    "title": "Computer Communication Networks",
    "outcomes": [
      "This course provides students with an overview of the concepts and fundamentals of data communication and computer networks.",
      "Through the course, students will be able to understand the fundamental concepts of computer networking and familiar with the basic taxonomy and terminology of the computer networking area.",
      "The student will understand TCP/IP and ISO OSI network layer.",
      "The students will understand LAN, WAN, MAN and VLAN and study various layer functions.",
      "The course introduces the student to advanced networking concepts and gains expertise in some specific areas of networking such as the design and maintenance of individual networks."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Network Topologies",
        "content": "Switching Methods, OSI Model, TCP/IP Model, Standardization Organizations, Telephone Network Architecture, PCM-TDM Based IDN, Circuit Switching, Space and Time Division Switching, Store-and-Forward Switching, ISDN Fundamentals, SS#7 Protocol, Frame Relay Networks, ATM Networks, SONET, SDH"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Pure ALOHA",
        "content": "Slotted ALOHA, CSMA, CSMA/CD Protocols, IEEE 802.3 MAC Frame Format, Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps), Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps), LAN Switches, Bridges, Virtual Private Networks (VPN), Wireless LANs, Client-Server Architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Network Layer Datagram Subnets",
        "content": "Virtual Circuit Subnets, Routing Algorithms, Congestion Control Algorithms, Internetworking Principles, IPv4 Protocol, IPv6 Protocol, Domain Name System (DNS), Internet Routing Protocols"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: TCP Connection Setup and Termination",
        "content": "TCP Flow Control, TCP Timer Management, ICMP Protocol, IGMP Protocol, UDP Protocol, BOOTP Protocol, DHCP Protocol, World Wide Web (HTTP), Web Servers and Browsers, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, MIME, Streaming Audio and Video Networking"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Cryptography Principles",
        "content": "Network Authentication, Message Integrity, Key Distribution and Certification, Secure E-mail, Firewalls, Network Management Infrastructure (MIB, SNMP, RMON, ASN1)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A.S.Tanenbaum, Computer networks. Pearson Education India, 4th Ed,. PHI, 2003.",
      "A.B. Forouzan, Data communications and networking. Huga Media, 4th Ed., TMH, 2007."
    ],
    "references": [
      "J.F. Kurose, Computer networking: A top-down approach featuring the internet, Pearson Education India, 2005.",
      "A.M. Gallo, Computer communications and networking technologies. Brooks/Cole, 2002."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Statistical Signal Analysis": {
    "code": "ECL 437",
    "title": "Statistical Signal Analysis",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand the concept of estimation theory.",
      "To understand the concept of detection theory.",
      "Able to design statistical signal processing systems.",
      "To design estimators for various signal processing and communication problems",
      "To design a parametric model with optimal model parameters."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Sample Space",
        "content": "Algebra of Random Variables, Probability Distributions, Probability Densities, Characteristic Functions, Moment Generating Functions, Transformation of Random Variables, Conditional Expectation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Convergence of Sequences of Random Variables",
        "content": "Statistical Independence, Uncorrelation of Random Variables, Joint Probability Densities, Marginal Probability Densities"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Wide Sense Stationary Processes",
        "content": "Orthogonal Increment Processes, Wiener Process, Ergodicity, Mean Square Continuity"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Stochastic Calculus Mean Square Derivative",
        "content": "Stochastic Calculus Mean Square Integral"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Response of Linear Dynamic Systems to Stochastic Inputs",
        "content": "Correlation Function, Power Spectral Density Function, Linear Least Square Estimation, Mean Square Error Analysis"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A. Papoulis, and S.U. Pillai, Probability Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, 4th Ed., Mc Graw Hill, 2002."
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. Larson and B.O. Schubert, Stochastic Processes, Vol. I and II, Holden -Day, 1979.",
      "A.L. Gracia, Probability and Random Processes for Electrical Engineer, 3rd Ed. Pearson Education, 2008."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Computer Vision": {
    "code": "ECL 441",
    "title": "Computer Vision",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply development flow for designing a Computer Vision system.",
      "Demonstrate the ability to select and perform suitable image and video processing followed by post processing operations as required by Computer Vision system.",
      "Identify suitable processing device for CV as per the application.",
      "Rectify algorithmic steps to improve accuracy of Computer Vision system.",
      "Manage resources for different tasks in Computer Vision system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Homogenous Coordinate System",
        "content": "Epipolar Geometry, Monocular Camera Calibration, Binocular Camera Calibration, Camera Matrices"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Depth Perception in Binocular Vision",
        "content": "3D Images Generation using Depth Information"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Motion Estimation",
        "content": "Motion Compensation, Optical Flow Computation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Edge Features Extraction",
        "content": "Corner Features, Blob Features, Ridge Features, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HoG)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Introduction to Machine Learning in CV",
        "content": "Adaboost Learning for Face Detection, Deep Learning Based Object Detection, Deep Learning Object Recognition"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R. Szeliski, Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, 2nd Ed., Springer, 2010."
    ],
    "references": [
      "T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, The Elements of Statistical Learning, 2nd Ed., Springer, 2009.",
      "D. Forsyth, and J. Ponce, Computer Vision: A Modern Approach, 2nd Ed., Pearson, 2012."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Robotics": {
    "code": "ECL 442",
    "title": "Robotics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply knowledge of robotics for understanding, formulating and solving engineering problems.",
      "Acquire knowledge and hands -on competence in applying the concepts in the design and development robots",
      "Demonstrate creativeness in designing and development of robotics.",
      "Identify, analyze and design of robots useful to the society.",
      "Work effectively with multidisciplinary robots."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Fixed Automation",
        "content": "Flexible Automation, Evolution of Robots, Laws of Robotics, Manipulator Anatomy, Arm Configuration, Robot Workspace, Human Arm Characteristics, Robot Actuators, Robot Sensors, Robot Vision, Robot Programming, Material Handling Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Coordinate Frames",
        "content": "Space Objects Description, Vector Transformations, Inverting Homogeneous Transforms, Rotation Matrices, Links and Joints Description, Manipulator Kinematic Modeling, Denavit – Hartenberg Notation, Manipulator Transformation Matrix"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Direct Kinematic Models",
        "content": "Inverse Kinematic Models, Robotic Manipulator Position Analysis, Velocity Analysis, Jacobian Matrix"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Robotic Sensing Technologies",
        "content": "Position Sensors, Velocity Sensors, Acceleration Sensors, Force Sensors, Proximity Sensors, Touch Sensors, Slip Sensors, Robotic Vision Imaging Architecture, Image Acquisition Components"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Joint Space Trajectory Planning",
        "content": "Cartesian Space Trajectory Planning, Open Loop Control, Close Loop Control, Linear Control Schemes, Industrial Robot Applications, Assembly Applications, Robot Safety"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R.K. Mittal & I.J. Nagrath, Robotics and Control, 1st Ed., TMH Publications, 2003.",
      "Saced B. Niku, Introduction to Robotics Analysis, Systems Applications, Pearson, 2001."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Howie Choset, Principles Of Robot Motion, MIT Press, 2005",
      "R.S.Hartenberg and J. Denavit Kinematics and Synthesis of Linkages, McGraw Hill, 1964."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Estimation Theory of Signals and Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 453",
    "title": "Estimation Theory of Signals and Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "To understand the concept of random variables and random process .",
      "To understand the concept of Estimation and Detection.",
      "Implement the system identification using a system model.",
      "Design the dynamic system according to the behaviour of input.",
      "Implement the estimator using the filter model."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Probability Theory",
        "content": "Random Variables, Function of Random Variable Joint Density, Mean and Variance, Random Vectors, Random Processes through Linear Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linear Mean Square Error Estimation",
        "content": "Autocorrelation Estimation, Power Spectrum Estimation, Innovation Concept, Linear Minimum Mean Square Estimation (LMMSE), Batch Least Squares Estimation, Optimal IIR Filters, Adaptive Filters Introduction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: State Estimation Principles",
        "content": "Kalman Filter Model Derivation, Estimator Algebraic Properties, Estimator Probabilistic Properties, Time Invariant Kalman Filter, Kalman Filter with Colored Noise"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Linear Regression Recursive Least Squares (RLS)",
        "content": "Least Squares Estimation Variants, Model Order Selection Residual Tests, Dynamic System Identification Issues"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Stochastic Processes Stationarity",
        "content": "Ergodicity, Second-Order Theory, Instrumentation and Control Estimation Problems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "B. Hajek, Random Process For Engineers, 1st ed., Cambridge University Press, 2015.",
      "J.L. Speyer, and W.H Chung, Stochastic Processes, Estimation and Control, SIAM Publications, 2008."
    ],
    "references": [
      "G. Grimmett, and D. Stirzaker, Probability and Random Processes, 3rd Ed., Oxford University Press, 2001.",
      "L. Ljung, System Identification: Theory for the User, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1999."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Deep Learning for Computer Vision": {
    "code": "ECL 454",
    "title": "Deep Learning for Computer Vision",
    "outcomes": [
      "Conceptualize computer vision and deep learning to mimic human visual system.",
      "Understand individual components computer vision and deep learning.",
      "To estimate the requirements and choose pre -processing and deep neural model for the system.",
      "To analyze and troubleshoot the deep learning model for computer vision system",
      "To design a complete computer vision systems using deep learning."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Image Formation",
        "content": "Image Capture, Image Representation, Linear Filtering, Correlation, Convolution, Edge Detection, Blob Detection, Corner Detection, Scale Space Selection, SIFT Features, SURF Features, HoG Descriptors, LBP Descriptors, Visual Bag-of-Words, VLAD, RANSAC Matching, Optical Flow, Multilayer Perceptron Review, Backpropagation Review"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)",
        "content": "AlexNet, ZFNet, VGG Architecture, InceptionNets, ResNets, DenseNets, Kernel Visualization, Deconvolution Methods, Deep Dream, Neural Style Transfer, Class Activation Mapping (CAM), Grad-CAM, SmoothGrad"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Siamese Networks",
        "content": "Triplet Loss, Contrastive Loss, Object Detection Background, R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, YOLO Object Detector, Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), RetinaNet, Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) for Segmentation, SegNet, U-Net, Mask-RCNN"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Review",
        "content": "Spatio-Temporal Video Models, Action and Activity Recognition, Attention Models in Vision, Image Captioning, Visual Question Answering (VQA), Spatial Transformers, Transformer Networks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)",
        "content": "Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), PixelRNNs, Normalizing Flows, Image Editing via GANs, Image Inpainting, Super-Resolution, CycleGANs, Progressive GANs, Pix2Pix Models"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "R. Szeliski, Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, 2nd Ed., Springer, 2010.",
      "S.J.D. Prince, Computer Vision: Models, Learning, and Inference, Cambridge University Press, 2012."
    ],
    "references": [
      "I. Goodfellow, Y. Bengio, and Aaron Courville, Deep Learning, MIT Press, 2016.",
      "M. Nielsen, Neural Networks and Deep Learning, Determination Press, 2016."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Finite Element Methods": {
    "code": "BEL 401",
    "title": "Finite Element Methods",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply knowledge of finite element method for understanding, formulating and solving engineering problems.",
      "Acquire knowledge and hands -on competence in applying the concepts finite element method in the analysis of structural and thermal systems.",
      "Demonstrate creativeness in designing new systems components and processes in the field of engineering.",
      "Work effec tively with engineering and science teams as well as with multidisciplinary problems.",
      "Apply FEM to real world problems"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Formulation of Finite Element Equations",
        "content": "Governing Differential Equations, Domain Residual Minimization, Weighted Residual Method, Weak Form Formulation, Trial Functions, 1D Bar Element Formulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Potential Energy Minimization",
        "content": "Rayleigh-Ritz Method, Rayleigh-Ritz Finite Element Formulation, Bar Element Formulation, Heat Transfer Element Formulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: 1D Finite Element Analysis",
        "content": "Total Potential Generic Form, Linear Bar Shape Functions, Quadratic Bar Shape Functions, Structural Mechanics Stiffness Matrix, Heat Conduction 1D Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Beam Element Stiffness Matrix",
        "content": "Frame Element Stiffness Matrix, 2D Finite Element Analysis, Three Node Triangular Element, Four Node Rectangular Element, Six Node Triangular Element, Natural Coordinates, Gauss Quadrature Integration"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Plane Stress Analysis",
        "content": "Plane Strain Analysis, 2D Strain Displacement Matrix, 2D Integrals, Scalar Field Problems Analysis"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "P. Seshu, Textbook of Finite Element Analysis, Prentice-Hall of India, 2003.",
      "D. V. Hutton, Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2004."
    ],
    "references": [
      "C. R. Alavala, Finite Element Method: Basic Concepts and Applications, PHI Learning.",
      "T. R. Chandrupatla and A. D. Belegundu, Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering, Pearson."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Multi-rate and Filter banks": {
    "code": "ECL 455",
    "title": "Multi-rate and Filter banks",
    "outcomes": [
      "Characterize the practical multi -rate system.",
      "Determine the mathematical interpretation for decomposition and realization of digital filters.",
      "Examine and identify the building blocks in multi -rate system.",
      "Classify the signals which are non -stationary.",
      "Design of multi -rate system for compression of signals and images."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Multirate DSP Introduction",
        "content": "Sampling and Nyquist Criterion, Signal Reconstruction, Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous Signals"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Decimator Properties",
        "content": "Upsampler Properties, Downsampler Properties, Fractional Sampling Rate Change, Noble Identities, Polyphase Decomposition"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Multirate Filter Banks Overview",
        "content": "Spectral Analysis of Filter Banks, Trans-multiplexer, Maximally Decimated Filterbanks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Two-Channel Filter Banks",
        "content": "Quadrature Mirror Filters (QMF) Design, Applications of Multirate Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Multirate Multicarrier Modulation",
        "content": "M-Channel Multicarrier Transceiver, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A.V. Oppenheim, and R.W. Schafer, Digital-Time Signal Processing, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall, 2010."
    ],
    "references": [
      "P. P. Vaidyanathan, Multirate Systems and Filter Banks, 1st Ed., Prentice Hall Inc., 1993.",
      "F.J. Harris, Multirate Signal Processing for Communication Systems, Prentice Hall PTR, 2004."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS)": {
    "code": "ECL 458",
    "title": "Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS)",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understanding the features of operating systems.",
      "Understanding different scheduling approaches of real time systems.",
      "Developing the ability to create the real time systems.",
      "Implementation of real time system using ARM processor.",
      "Develo p embedded multitasking application."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Operating Systems Structures",
        "content": "Types of Operating Systems, Memory Management Subsystems, I/O Subsystems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Real-Time System Structure",
        "content": "Hard Real-Time Systems, Soft Real-Time Systems, Real-Time Performance Metrics, Execution Time Prediction, Source Code Static Analysis, IDEs for Real-Time Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Single-Processor Task Allocation",
        "content": "Multiprocessor Task Scheduling, Clock-Driven Task Scheduling, Priority-Based Real-Time Scheduling, Fault Tolerant Task Scheduling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: ARM Cortex-M Hardware Case Study",
        "content": "FreeRTOS Implementation on ARM Architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Implementation of Real-Time Systems using ARM Controller",
        "content": "Real-Time Systems Simulation"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "J. W. S. Liu, Real-Time Systems. Pearson Education, 2006.",
      "C. M. Krishna and K. G. Shin, Real-Time Systems. McGraw-Hill, 1997."
    ],
    "references": [
      "A. Silberschatz et al., Operating System Concepts, 7th Ed. Wiley, 2005.",
      "R. Mall, Real-Time Systems: Theory and Practice. Pearson Education, 2007."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Fundamentals of Machine Learning": {
    "code": "ECL 462",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Machine Learning",
    "outcomes": [
      "To explore different applications of machine learning and to get acquainted with basics of ML.",
      "To understand formulation of regression and non -parametric classification algorithms.",
      "To understand formulation of parametric classification algorithms.",
      "To unde rstand formulation of artificial neural network.",
      "To understand formulation of different unsupervised learning algorithms along with applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Machine Learning Terminologies",
        "content": "Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning Types, Confusion Matrix Metrics, Area Under ROC Curve, Hypothesis Space, Bias and Variance Tradeoff, K-Fold Cross Validation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linear Regression Formulation",
        "content": "Logistic Regression Formulation, Bayesian Decision Theory, Bayesian Networks, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier",
        "content": "Kernel Tricks, Decision Trees Representation, Recursive Induction of Decision Trees, Entropy Splitting Attribute, Information Gain, Occam's Razor Principle, Overfitting Remedies, Stacking Ensemble, Bagging Ensemble, Boosting Ensemble, Random Forest Classifier, AdaBoost Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Biological Neuron Motivation",
        "content": "Perceptron Learning Rule, Activation Functions, Multilayer Perceptron Network, Gradient Descent Back-propagation, Weight Initialization Methods, Model Regularization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)",
        "content": "Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm, K-Means Clustering, Agglomerative Clustering, Mean Shift Clustering, Fuzzy K-Means Clustering, Semi-Supervised Learning with EM"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "T. M. Mitchell, Machine Learning. McGraw-Hill, 1997.",
      "E. Alpaydin, Introduction to Machine Learning, 3rd Ed. MIT Press, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "C. M. Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer, 2006.",
      "R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart, Pattern Classification, 2nd ed. Wiley, 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Introduction to IoT": {
    "code": "ECL 104",
    "title": "Introduction to IoT",
    "outcomes": [
      "Conceptualize interaction of IoT device with the physical world environment.",
      "Understand individual components of IoT systems.",
      "Build a system with sensors and actuators using Arduino.",
      "To conceptualize the sensor node for capturing data from the physical world.",
      "To conceptualize complete IoT systems using components of IoT system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to IoT",
        "content": "Sensing in IoT, Actuation in IoT, Basics of IoT Networking, Connectivity Technologies"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Wireless Sensor Networks",
        "content": "UAV Networks, Machine-to-Machine Communications, Interoperability in IoT"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Introduction to Arduino Programming",
        "content": "Integration of Sensors with Arduino, Integration of Actuators with Arduino, Introduction to Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Programming, Implementation of IoT with Raspberry Pi, Introduction to Software Defined Networking (SDN), SDN for IoT"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Data Handling and Analytics",
        "content": "Cloud Computing in IoT, Fog Computing, Introduction to Industrial IoT"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Smart Cities Case Study",
        "content": "Smart Homes Case Study, Connected Vehicles Case Study, Smart Grid Case Study, Agriculture IoT Case Study, Healthcare IoT Case Study, Activity Monitoring Case Study"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A. Bahga and V. Madisetti, Internet of Things: A Hands-on Approach, 1st Ed., Universities Press, 2015.",
      "S. Monk, Raspberry Pi Cookbook: Software and Hardware Problems and Solutions, 2nd Ed., O'Reilly Media, 2016."
    ],
    "references": [
      "P. Waher, Learning Internet of Things, Packt Publishing, 2015.",
      "O. Vermesan and P. Friess, Eds., Internet of Things – From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment, River Publishers, 2014."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Electrical Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 105",
    "title": "Electrical Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Demonstrate application of fundamental laws to analyze dc electric and magnetic circuits",
      "Apply fundamental laws and phasor method to analyze ac circuits",
      "Illustrate working principle, equations and determine transformer parameters, regulation and efficiency",
      "Demonstrate working principle, equations and application of dc machines and induction motor",
      "Demonstrate principle of basic protection and power electronic circuits"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Circuit Elements (Resistance",
        "content": "Inductance, Capacitance), Series and Parallel DC Circuits, Star-Delta Transformation, Voltage Current Power Energy Concepts, Voltage Source, Current Source, Practical Voltage Source, Voltage Division Rule, Current Division Rule, Kirchhoff's Current Law, Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, Source Transformation, Mesh Analysis, Nodal Analysis, Supermesh Analysis, Supernode Analysis, Superposition Theorem, Magnetic Circuit Flux, Magnetomotive Force (MMF), Magnetic Reluctance, Analogy with Electric Circuits, B-H Curve, Calculations for Composite Magnetic Circuits"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Periodic Functions in AC",
        "content": "Average Value of AC Signals, RMS Value of AC Signals, Sinusoidal Excitation Steady State Behavior, Phasor Representation, Inductive Reactance, Capacitive Reactance, Circuit Impedance, Series AC Circuits, Parallel AC Circuits, Power Factor, Single Phase Voltage Generation, Three Phase Voltage Generation, Three Phase Balanced Circuits, Star Connection, Delta Connection, Voltage and Current Relations in Star and Delta, Power in Balanced Three Phase AC Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Transformer Introduction",
        "content": "Transformer Basic Principles, Transformer Construction, Phasor Diagram for Transformer under No Load Condition, Transformer On Load, Balance of MMF on Transformer Sides, Transformer Equivalent Circuit, Open Circuit Test, Short Circuit Test, Transformer Voltage Regulation, Transformer Efficiency"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: DC Shunt Motor Construction",
        "content": "DC Series Motor Construction, DC Motor Working Principle, DC Motor Characteristics, DC Motor Speed Control, DC Motor Applications, Single Phase Induction Motor Construction, Working Principle of Single Phase Induction Motor, 3-Phase Induction Motor Construction, Working Principle of 3-Phase Induction Motor, Induction Motor Torque-Slip Characteristics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Basics of Electrical Protection",
        "content": "Fuse Operation, Relay Principles and Types, Power Electronic Converters Introduction, AC to DC Converters, DC to AC Inverters, Power Systems Elementary Idea, Renewable Energy Systems, Electric Vehicles Overview"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. P. Kothari and I. J. Nagrath, Basic Electrical Engineering, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2019.",
      "D. C. Kulshreshtha, Basic Electrical Engineering, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2019."
    ],
    "references": [
      "E. Hughes, Electrical and Electronics Technology, 10th Ed., Pearson, 2008.",
      "V. Deltoro, Electrical Engineering Fundamentals, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall India, 1989."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Digital System Design with HDL": {
    "code": "ECL 106",
    "title": "Digital System Design with HDL",
    "outcomes": [
      "Represent a digital system using basic digital blocks.",
      "Apply Boolean Algebra in digital circuit design.",
      "Illustrate and design various building blocks of combinational and sequential circuits.",
      "Design and describe digital systems at different levels of abstraction.",
      "Develop reusable and synthesizable RTL code."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Number Systems Conversions",
        "content": "Signed and Unsigned Numbers, Complements, Binary Codes, Boolean Algebra Axioms, Boolean Functions Truth Tables, Logic Gates, Canonical and Standard Forms, K-Map Minimization of SOP and POS Forms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Half Adder",
        "content": "Half Subtractor, Full Adder, Full Subtractor, Code Converters, Magnitude Comparators, Decoders, Encoders, Multiplexers, Demultiplexers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Basic Latches",
        "content": "R-S Flip Flop, J-K Flip Flop, D Flip Flop, T Flip Flop, Master-Slave Flip Flop, Asynchronous Counters, Synchronous Counters, Shift Registers, Finite State Machines (FSM)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: VLSI Design Flow",
        "content": "Verilog Syntax, Verilog Data Types, Verilog Operators, Modules and Ports, Vector Representation, Structural Modeling, Dataflow Modeling, Hierarchical Design, Testbenches Creation, Delay Modeling Concepts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Behavioral Modeling Concepts",
        "content": "Procedural Statements, Timing Control, Blocking Assignments, Non-Blocking Assignments, Combinational Circuit Modeling, Sequential Circuit Modeling, Verilog FSM Modeling"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. Mano and M. D. Ciletti, Digital Design, 4th Ed., Pearson Prentice-Hall.",
      "S. Palnitkar, Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall."
    ],
    "references": [
      "D. E. Thomas and P. R. Moorby, The Verilog Hardware Description Language, Springer.",
      "T. L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th Ed., Prentice Hall."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Analog IC and Fabrication": {
    "code": "ECL 107",
    "title": "Analog IC and Fabrication",
    "outcomes": [
      "Through the course, students are able to understand the Basics of analog IC design.",
      "To understand the Frequency response, stability and noise issues in amplifiers.",
      "To understand the implementation of linear and non – linear analog block implementation and their testing.",
      "Demonstrate the use of analog circuit analysis to analyze the operation and behavior of various modern analog integrated circuits.",
      "Attain a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of the IC fabrication process."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Differential Amplifier Configurations",
        "content": "Differential Amplifier DC Analysis, Differential Amplifier AC Analysis, Constant Current Bias, Current Mirror, Cascaded Differential Amplifier Stages, Level Translator"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Op-Amp Inverting Configuration",
        "content": "Op-Amp Non-Inverting Configuration, Differential Amplifier Configuration, Op-Amp Negative Feedback, Op-Amp Voltage Gain, Input Impedance, Output Impedance, Op-Amp Bandwidth, Input Offset Voltage, Input Bias Current, Input Offset Current, Thermal Drift, Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR), Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR), Op-Amp Frequency Response"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Linear Applications of Op-Amp",
        "content": "DC Amplifiers, AC Amplifiers, Summing Differential Amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier, Voltage to Current Converter, Current to Voltage Converter, Op-Amp Integrator, Op-Amp Differentiator, Op-Amp Comparators, Schmitt Trigger, Clipping Circuits, Clamping Circuits, Absolute Value Circuits, Peak Detectors, Sample and Hold Circuits, Logarithmic Amplifiers, Antilogarithmic Amplifiers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: First Order Active Filters",
        "content": "Second Order Active Filters, Low Pass Active Filter, High Pass Active Filter, Bandpass Active Filter, Band Reject Active Filter, All Pass Filter, RC Phase Shift Oscillator, Wien Bridge Oscillator, Square Waveform Generator, Triangular Waveform Generator"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Introduction to IC Technology",
        "content": "IC Fabrication Process Flow, Crystal Growth, Wafer Preparation, Thermal Oxidation, Dopant Diffusion, Ion Implantation, Thin Film Deposition, Thin Film Growth, Etching and Cleaning, Photolithography, Metallization, IC Packaging"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "J. G. Graeme, G. E. Tobey, and L. P. Huelsman, Operational Amplifiers: Design and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 1971.",
      "R. A. Gaikwad, Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits, 4th Ed., Pearson Education, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Franco, Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill, 1998.",
      "J. M. Fiore, Op Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits: Concepts and Applications, Cengage Learning, 2010."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "IoT Workshop - I": {
    "code": "ECP 101",
    "title": "IoT Workshop - I",
    "outcomes": [
      "Examine the working principle of basic electronic systems.",
      "To conceptualize simulation of IoT systems.",
      "Model a physical component for the IoT system.",
      "Design an IoT system using components for the IoT.",
      "Troubleshoot the connectivity among the components of IoT."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: ESP32 System Interfacing",
        "content": "HC-SR04 Sensor Integration, Seven Segment Display Data Rendering, DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor Logging, Rolling Message LCD Display, Blynk Mobile App Integration, WhatsApp API ESP32 Integration, Telegram API ESP32 Integration, Peer-to-Peer Wireless ESP32 Communication"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Instrumentation Techniques": {
    "code": "ECL 109",
    "title": "Instrumentation Techniques",
    "outcomes": [
      "Examine the working principle of basic electronic instruments.",
      "Measure various electrical quantities with desired accuracy, precision and resolution",
      "Mathematically model and analyse an electronic instrument.",
      "Design an instrument as per the requirements of measurand.",
      "Demonstrate ability to select suitable instruments for measurement of physical quantity"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Accuracy and Precision",
        "content": "Significant Figures, Types of Errors, Statistical Error Analysis, Probability of Errors, Limiting Errors, Functional Elements of Instrument, Active Transducers, Passive Transducers, Analog Mode of Operation, Digital Mode of Operation, Null Deflection Methods, Input-Output Configuration of Measuring Instrument"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: PMMC Galvanometer",
        "content": "DC Ammeters, DC Voltmeter, Series Type Ohmmeter, Shunt Type Ohmmeter, Multimeter, Electrodynamometer for Power Measurement, Power Factor Meter, Instrumentation Transformer"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Wheatstone Bridge Basic Operation",
        "content": "Wheatstone Measurement Errors, Thevenin's Equivalent Circuit, Guarded Wheatstone Bridge, Kelvin Bridge Lead Effects, Kelvin Double Bridge, AC Bridge Balance Equation, Maxwell's Bridge, Hay Bridge, Schering Bridge, Wien Bridge, Unbalanced Bridge Conditions, Amplified DC Meter, AC Voltmeter, Electronic Multimeter, Digital Voltmeter, Q Meter"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Transducers as Input Elements",
        "content": "Force Measurement Methods, Torque Measurement Methods, Pressure Measurement, Sound Measurement, Temperature Measurement Standards and Calibration, Thermal Expansion Methods, Thermocouples, Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD), Junction Semiconductor Sensors, Digital Thermometers, Bonded Electrical Strain Gauges, Unbonded Electrical Strain Gauges, Gauge Factor, Temperature Compensation Methods, Biomedical Sensors for Body Processes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Oscilloscope Block Diagram",
        "content": "Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), CRT Circuits, Deflection Systems, Delay Line in Oscilloscope, Multiple Trace Oscilloscope, Simple Frequency Counters, Strip XY Recorder, Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO), LED Display, LCD Display, Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO), Signal Conditioning Gain Clipping, Signal Conditioning Filtering, Signal Conditioning Amplification, Data Logger, IEEE 488 Bus Principles and Protocols"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A. D. Helfrick and W. D. Cooper, Modern Electronic Instrumentation & Measurement Techniques. Prentice Hall of India, 2008.",
      "E.O Doeblin, Measurements System: Application and Design, 4th Ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1990."
    ],
    "references": [
      "F. E. Terman, Electronic Instrumentation, McGraw-Hill, 1990.",
      "B. M. Oliver and J. M. Cage, Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation, McGraw-Hill, 1971.",
      "A. K. Sawhney, Electronic Measurement and Measuring Instruments, Dhanpat Rai & Co., 2005."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Applied Signals and Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 211",
    "title": "Applied Signals and Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand various properties of continuous time signals.",
      "Analyse the frequency spectrum of continuous time signals.",
      "Describe a LTI system with impulse/frequency response.",
      "Analyse magnitude/phase response of various LTI systems.",
      "Analyse systems commonly used in communications, control and signal processing."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Unit Impulse Function",
        "content": "Unit Step Function, Continuous Time Signals, Independent Variable Transformations, Exponential Signals, Sinusoidal Signals, Continuous Time System Properties"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Continuous Time LTI System",
        "content": "Discrete Time LTI System, LTI System Properties, Linear Constant Coefficient Differential Equations Representation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Fourier Series Representation",
        "content": "Fourier Series Convergence, Continuous Fourier Transform (CTFT), Frequency Domain Convolution, Magnitude and Phase Response, Laplace Transform Region of Convergence (ROC), Unilateral Laplace Transform Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT)",
        "content": "Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Z-Transform Region of Convergence, Solution of Difference Equations via Z-Transform"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Random Signals Probability Functions",
        "content": "Probability Density Function (PDF), Random Process Classification, Autocorrelation Function, Cross Correlation Function, Spectral Density, LTI System Response to Random Inputs"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A.V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky, and S. H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 2003.",
      "J.G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing. Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, 4th Ed., Pearson International, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "S. Haykin and B. V. Veen, Signals and Systems, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 2007.",
      "B.P. Lathi, Principles of Linear Systems and Signals, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press, 2009."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Programming Techniques for IoT": {
    "code": "CSL 217",
    "title": "Programming Techniques for IoT",
    "outcomes": [
      "Write, debug and test program using python",
      "Interact with sensors, actuators and shields and work with real time IoT",
      "Prototype and develop IoT solutions from scratch with python",
      "Develop IoT projects with Arduino and Raspberry PI along with python"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Python Foundation Tools",
        "content": "Special Output and Functions, Local and Global Variables, Repetition Structures, Strings, Python Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries, File Operations and Extensions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Microcontroller Python Interfacing",
        "content": "PySerial Installation, Temperature Sensor Data Logging, DHT Humidity Sensor Testing, Smart Trashcan Programming, Water Level Sensor Logic"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Single Board Computer (SBC) GPIO Controls",
        "content": "LED Blinking Program, Reading User Input for LED State, Push Button Input Detection, Code Optimization via Lists and Functions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Python Module Installation from Terminal",
        "content": "File Manipulation via Terminal, Writing Python Terminal Scripts, Automated SBC Email Alerts with Attachments"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Camera Module Enablement",
        "content": "Photo and Video Capture from Terminal, Photo and Video Capture via Python, Flask Web Server Setup, Connecting Flask Web Routes to SBC GPIOs"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "G. C. Hillar, Internet of Things with Python, 1st ed., Packt Publishing, 2016."
    ],
    "references": [
      "B. Klones, Python Codebook: Recipes for Mastering Python 3, 1st ed., 2011."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Electromagnetic Field Theory": {
    "code": "ECL 213",
    "title": "Electromagnetic Field Theory",
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply vector calculus for static electric and magnetic fields in different coordinate systems.",
      "Calculate electric and magnetic fields due to various charge and current distributions.",
      "Solve boundary value problems for electromagnetic fields.",
      "Analyze electromagnetic wave propagation in different mediums.",
      "Illustrate the antenna theory, terminology and various types of antennas."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Cartesian Coordinate System",
        "content": "Cylindrical Coordinate System, Spherical Coordinate System, Gradient Operation, Divergence Operation, Curl Operation, Divergence Theorem, Stokes' Theorem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Coulomb's Law",
        "content": "Electric Field Intensity, Gauss's Law, Electric Dipole, Electric Boundary Conditions, Biot-Savart's Law, Ampere's Circuital Law, Magnetic Boundary Conditions"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Faraday's Law",
        "content": "Displacement Current, Maxwell's Point Equations, Maxwell's Integral Equations, Retarded Potentials, Wave Equation in Different Media, Wave Impedance, Skin Depth, Poynting's Theorem"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Normal Incidence Wave Reflection",
        "content": "Oblique Incidence Reflection, Brewster's Angle, Linear Wave Polarization, Elliptical Wave Polarization, Circular Wave Polarization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Antenna Parameters",
        "content": "Radiation Patterns, Beam Width, Radiation Intensity, Directivity, Antenna Gain, Effective Height, Radio Communication Link, Antenna Field Zones, Antenna Loss Types"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "W. H. Hayt, and J. A. Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics, 8th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2012.",
      "M. N. O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, 7th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2018."
    ],
    "references": [
      "G. Raju, Antennas and Wave Propagation, Pearson Education India, 2006.",
      "J. D. Kraus, Antennas for All Applications, McGraw-Hill, 2004.",
      "R. Shevgaonkar, Electromagnetic Waves, McGraw-Hill Education, 2017."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "DSP and Applications": {
    "code": "ECL 214",
    "title": "DSP and Applications",
    "outcomes": [
      "Identify different transforms and examine the discrete time signals and systems.",
      "Implementation of LTI system as filters for filtering different real world signals.",
      "Assess all frequency transforms for stationary and non-stationary signals.",
      "Examine different signals and design of algorithms for processing single and multi-dimensional.",
      "Filtering of data for IoT applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Advantages of Digital Signal Processing",
        "content": "Basic DSP Elements, Radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Algorithm, Radix-4 FFT Algorithm, Overlap-Add Linear Filtering, Overlap-Save Linear Filtering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: FIR Filter Design Ideal Requirements",
        "content": "Gibbs Phenomenon, Windowing Techniques, Linear Phase FIR Filter Design, Frequency Sampling Method, FIR Filter Realization, Finite Word Length Effects in FIR Filters"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Analog Butterworth Filter Design",
        "content": "Analog Chebyshev Filter Design, Approximation of Derivatives Method, Impulse Invariance Method, Bilinear Transformation (BLT) Method, Frequency Warping Effect, IIR Filter Realization"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Adaptive Filters",
        "content": "Weighted Least Squares (WLS) Technique, Wigner-Ville Filter, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Wavelet Transform Introduction"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Biomedical Signal Analysis",
        "content": "Seismic Signal Processing, 2D Image Signal Analysis, RADAR Signal Analysis"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A.V. Oppenheim, and R.W. Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing, 3rd Ed., PHI Ltd, 2014.",
      "J.G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing. Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, 4th Ed., Pearson International, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "W.D. Stanley, Digital Signal Processing, Reston Publishing Company, 1975.",
      "S.K. Mitra, Digital Signal Processing A Computer-Based Approach, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Modelling for IoT": {
    "code": "ECL 215",
    "title": "Modelling for IoT",
    "outcomes": [
      "To develop understanding of theory of projection, improve visualization skills and to draw professional technical projections of engineering objects.",
      "To develop skills in CAD modeling and analysis Software(s) and to visualize development of surfaces.",
      "To understand stresses in geometric primitives and design engineering devices.",
      "To conceptualize modeling and simulation of physical systems.",
      "To understand failure theories and implement them in CAD modeling."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Isometric Projections",
        "content": "Surface Developments, Geometrical Clipping, Geometrical Transformations, Viewport Transformations, Line and Circle Drawing Algorithms, Industrial Device Modeling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: AutoCAD Modelling Commands",
        "content": "AutoCAD Editing Commands, Layer Concepts, AutoCAD Annotations, 2D and 3D CAD Problems, AutoCAD Rendering, Block Layout Building, Solid Editing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Stepped Section Stresses",
        "content": "Tapered Section Stresses, Temperature Change Stresses, Shear Stress and Strain, Plane Stress Calculation, Principal Stresses, Principal Angles, Maximum Shear Stress"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Thin Cylinders Hoop Stress",
        "content": "Thick Cylinders Lame Equations, Beam Shear Force Diagrams, Beam Bending Moment Diagrams, Pure Bending Equations, Shaft Torsion Power Transmission, Column Buckling Equations, Truss Structure Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: 1 DOF Vibration Systems",
        "content": "2 DOF Vibration Systems, Engineering Failure Theories, Finite Element Method (FEM) Comparison, 1D Spring Bar and Beam Finite Element Formulations"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Chandrupatla, Tirupathi & Belegundu, Ashok, Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering. Pearson Education, 2021.",
      "Beer, F.P. and Johnston Jr., E.R, Mechanics of materials. 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1992."
    ],
    "references": [
      "James M. Gere, Stephen P. Timoshenko, Mechanics of Materials, 4th Ed., Stanley Thornes, 1999.",
      "Pytel, A. and Singer, F. Strength of Materials, 4th Ed., Harper & Row, 1987.",
      "Bhatt N.D. and Panchal V.M., Elementary Engineering Drawing, Charotar Publishing House, 2011."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Communication Systems": {
    "code": "ECL 217",
    "title": "Communication Systems",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand signal multiplexing, modulation and demodulation; bandwidth requirements for analog communication systems.",
      "The students will be able to evaluate the performance of analogue receiver in the presence of noise.",
      "The students will have the deep knowledge of components of the digital communication system.",
      "The students will be able to critically think and solve problems related to digital transmission and reception in baseband format.",
      "Describe and analyze the digital communication system with spread spectrum modulation and its applications in wireless communication."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Modulation and Demodulation Concepts",
        "content": "Continuous Wave (CW) Modulation, Amplitude Modulation (AM), Double Side Band (DSB) Modulation, Single Sideband (SSB) Modulation, Vestigial Sideband (VSB) Modulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: AM Receivers Architecture",
        "content": "Frequency Modulation (FM), Narrowband FM, Wideband FM, Phase Modulation (PM), Narrowband Noise Representation, Receiver Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Noise Figure, Noise Temperature, Noise in AM/DSB/SSB Receivers, Pre-Emphasis Filter, De-Emphasis Filter"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Bandlimited Sampling Process",
        "content": "Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Line Coding Formats, Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM), Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)",
        "content": "Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), Constellation Diagrams"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Properties of PN Sequences",
        "content": "Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), Slow Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Fast Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Carrier and Symbol Synchronization, Shannon's Channel Capacity Theorem"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "S. Haykin and M. Moher, Introduction to Analog & Digital Communication Systems, 2nd Ed, John Wiley, 2007.",
      "B. P. Lathi, Modern Analog & Digital Communication Systems, 3rd Ed., Oxford University Press, 1998."
    ],
    "references": [
      "G. Kennedy, Davis B. and Prasanna S.R.M, Electronic Communication Systems, TMH, 6th Ed. 2018.",
      "L. E. Frenzel, Communication Electronics: Principles and Applications, 3rd Ed., TMH."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "IoT Workshop - III": {
    "code": "ECP 202",
    "title": "IoT Workshop - III",
    "outcomes": [
      "Evaluate the working principle of electronic systems.",
      "Build systems using components of IoT.",
      "Demonstrate an update in the existing IoT based system.",
      "Design a Single board computer based system using components for the IoT",
      "Implement a ML/DL based system using Raspberry Pi."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Single Board Computer-Based Automation System",
        "content": "Single Board Computer-Based Image Processing System, Biometric System Using Single Board Computer, Case Study 1 Using Single Board Computer, Case Study 2 Using Single Board Computer"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [],
    "credits": 2
  },
  "Communication Network": {
    "code": "ECL 315",
    "title": "Communication Network",
    "outcomes": [
      "Describe the basics of Computer Network, Data Communication, Network topologies, transmission media and switching techniques.",
      "Analyze the services and features of various protocols of Data Link Layer and MAC sub-layer.",
      "Apply the concept of IP Addressing techniques and its various protocols of Network Layer.",
      "Describe the transport layer, Application Layer services and its protocol Headers and analyze the congestion control protocols.",
      "Explain the function of Application Layer and Presentation layer paradigm and protocols."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Data Communication Types (Simplex",
        "content": "Half Duplex, Full Duplex), Network Topologies, Network Classification (LAN, MAN, WAN, BAN), OSI Reference Model, TCP/IP Reference Model, Guided Transmission Media, Unguided Transmission Media, Circuit Switching, Message Switching, Packet Switching, MQTT Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Framing Methods",
        "content": "Stop-and-Wait Flow Control, Sliding-Window Flow Control, Stop-and-Wait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ, Selective Repeat ARQ, HDLC Protocol, Pure ALOHA, Slotted ALOHA, CSMA/CD Protocol"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: IoT Related Services",
        "content": "IoT Networks, LoRa, Mesh Networks, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Bluetooth Networking, Bluetooth Mesh Network, NRF24L01 Radio Network"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Network Layer Duties",
        "content": "Routers, IPv4 Addressing Classification, IPv6 Addressing, Subnet Masking, Shortest Path Routing, Dijkstra's Algorithm, Bellman-Ford Algorithm, Distance Vector Routing, Dynamic Routing, Connection-Oriented Services, Connectionless Services, Three-Way Handshaking, UDP Model, TCP Header Format, Congestion Control Principles, Quality of Service (QoS), Token Bucket Algorithm, Leaky Bucket Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Domain Name System (DNS)",
        "content": "Electronic Mail, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), World Wide Web (WWW), HTTP Protocol, Secret Key Cryptography, Public Key Cryptography, Digital Signatures, Network Security Attacks"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Data Communications and Networking, 4th Ed. by Behrouza A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill, 2007.",
      "Computer Networks, A. S. Tanenbaum, 4th Ed., Pearson education, 2003."
    ],
    "references": [
      "William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications, 10th Ed., Pearson Educations.",
      "William Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice, 8th Ed., 2023."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "IoT Security": {
    "code": "ECL 316",
    "title": "IoT Security",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand IoT Architecture and Components",
      "Identify IoT Security Threats",
      "Evaluate IoT Protocols for Security",
      "Apply Device and Data Security Measures",
      "Assess Real-World IoT Security Breaches"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: IoT System Definition and Architecture",
        "content": "IoT Communication Models (Device-to-Device, Device-to-Cloud, Device-to-Gateway), Smart Cities and Healthcare IoT Applications, Characteristics of IoT Devices, IoT Security Risks vs Traditional Network Security, CIA Triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability), Authentication and Authorization, Encryption Methods, Malware Attacks, Man-in-the-Middle Attacks, Denial of Service (DoS)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: MQTT Protocol Security",
        "content": "CoAP Protocol Security, AMQP Protocol Security, Zigbee Protocol Security, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Security, 6LoWPAN Security, Wi-Fi Wireless Security, Low-Power Wireless Network Security, Replay Attacks, Eavesdropping, Sybil Attacks, Sinkhole Attacks"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Secure Boot Mechanism",
        "content": "Secure Firmware Updates, Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Hardware Security, Secure Coding Practices, Data Security at Rest, Data Security in Transit, Data Security in Use, Data Privacy Regulations (GDPR, HIPAA for IoT), End-to-End Threat Modeling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: ISO/IEC 27001 Standard",
        "content": "NIST IoT Cybersecurity Framework, IoT Security Lifecycle Management, Secure Network Segmentation, Identity and Access Management (IAM) for IoT, Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS), Legal and Regulatory Issues in IoT"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Mirai Botnets and DDoS Attacks",
        "content": "Ransomware in IoT, Zero-Day Attacks, Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), Machine Learning for IoT Security, Blockchain Technology in IoT Security, Quantum Computing Impact on IoT Cryptography"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "D. Van Duren and B. Russell, Practical Internet of Things Security, 1st Ed., Packt Publishing, 2016."
    ],
    "references": [
      "F. Hu, Internet of Things (IoT) Security: Fundamentals, Techniques and Applications, CRC Press, 2016.",
      "David Etter, IoT Security: Practical Guide Book, 1st Ed., Create Space, 2016."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Cloud Computing": {
    "code": "ECL 423",
    "title": "Cloud Computing",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze the evolution, architecture, and characteristics of cloud computing systems.",
      "Demonstrate knowledge of cloud service and deployment models effectively.",
      "Evaluate virtualization techniques and cloud storage mechanisms for resource management.",
      "Develop applications using cloud programming environments and IoT integrations.",
      "Assess security, privacy, and compliance issues in cloud -based IoT platforms."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Cloud Computing",
        "content": "History of Centralized Computing, History of Distributed Computing, Cluster Computing, Utility Computing, Grid Computing, Intranet and Cloud, First Movers in Cloud, Cloud Computing Benefits, Cloud Computing Characteristics, Cloud Computing Challenges, Cloud Security Concerns, Cloud Regulatory Issues, IoT Architecture Layers, Perception Layer, Network Layer, Application Layer"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Cloud Computing Architecture",
        "content": "Front-End Platform, Back-End Platform, Cloud Networking, Cloud Delivery, Cloud Infrastructure Management, Cloud Computing Stack, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Community Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, Virtualization Concept, Hypervisor, Full Virtualization, Emulation Virtualization, Para-Virtualization, Cloud Storage Architecture, Types of Cloud Storage, Cloud Storage Providers, Block Storage Devices, File Storage Devices, Unmanaged Cloud Storage, Managed Cloud Storage, Virtual Storage Containers"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Cloud Service Delivery Models",
        "content": "Service Provider and Users, Cloud Adoption Challenges and Risks, Service Level Agreement (SLA) Management, Types of SLA, SLA Life Cycle, Service Catalog Management, Functional Interfaces of Services, Cloud Portal Functions, Cloud Service Life Cycle Phases, Service Planning, Service Creation, Service Operation, Service Termination"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Cloud Programming Environments",
        "content": "Parallel Programming Paradigms, Distributed Programming Paradigms, Amazon AWS Programming, Microsoft Azure Programming, Google App Engine Support, Emerging Cloud Software Environment, Smart Homes IoT Applications, Smart Cities IoT Applications, Healthcare IoT Applications, Agricultural IoT Applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Infrastructure Security",
        "content": "Network-Level Security, Host-Level Security, Data Security and Storage, Cloud Access Authentication, Cloud Access Authorization, Cloud Access Accounting, Cloud-Based IoT Platforms and Services, Cloud-Based IoT Data Analytics, Cloud-Based IoT Security, Cloud-Based IoT Privacy"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Mastering Cloud Computing: Foundations and Applications Programming, Rajkumar Buyya et al., 1st Ed., McGraw Hill Education, 2013.",
      "Cloud Computing: Concepts, Technology & Architecture, Thomas Erl, 1st Ed., Pearson Education, 2013."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach, Anthony T. Velte et al., McGraw Hill Education, 2010.",
      "Cloud Security and Privacy, Tim Mather et al., O'Reilly Media, 2009."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "AI ML in IoT": {
    "code": "ECL 425",
    "title": "AI ML in IoT",
    "outcomes": [
      "To learn the concepts of searching for AI problems",
      "To learn about agents and knowledge representation",
      "To understand the various factors involved in inferences",
      "To get introduced to fundamentals of machine learning",
      "To learn about the possibilities of Supervised and Unsupervised learning"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: History of AI",
        "content": "Structure of Intelligent Agents, Agent Environments, Problem Solving Methods, Problem Solving Agents, Formulating Problems, Breadth-First Search, Uniform Cost Search, Depth-First Search, Depth Limited Search, Bidirectional Search, Informed Search, Best-First Heuristic Functions, Memory Bounded Search, Hill Climbing, Simulated Annealing, Performance Measures of Search Algorithms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Perfect Decisions in Games",
        "content": "Imperfect Decisions in Games, Alpha-Beta Pruning, Knowledge Based Agents, Wumpus World Environment, Propositional Logic, First Order Logic Syntax, First Order Logic Semantics, Goal Based Agents"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Knowledge Representation",
        "content": "Production Based Systems, Frame Based Systems, Inference Engine, Backward Chaining, Forward Chaining"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Support Vector Machine Classifier",
        "content": "Kernel Methods, Decision Trees Concept, Recursive Induction of Decision Trees, Best Splitting Attribute, Entropy, Information Gain, Occam's Razor, Overfitting, Stacking Ensemble, Bagging Ensemble, Boosting Ensemble, Random Forest, AdaBoost Algorithm, Confusion Matrix, Area Under ROC Curve, Hypothesis Space, Bias and Variance, Bias-Variance Tradeoff, K-Fold Cross Validation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Unsupervised Learning",
        "content": "Gaussian Mixture Model, Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm, K-Means Clustering, Agglomerative Clustering, Mean Shift Clustering, Fuzzy K-Means Clustering, Semi-Supervised Learning with EM"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Stuart Russel, Peter Norvig, AI – A Modern Approach, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, 2007.",
      "T. M. Mitchell, Machine Learning. McGraw-Hill, 1997."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Vinod Chandra SS, Anand Hareendran S, Artificial and Machine Learning, PHI Learning, 2014.",
      "G. Luger, Artificial Intelligence, Addison-Wesley, 1998."
    ],
    "credits": 4
  },
  "Industrial IoT": {
    "code": "ECL 426",
    "title": "Industrial IoT",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the basics of Industrial IOT and Medical IoT",
      "Identify the technical and industrial requirement procedures for IIoT applications",
      "Develop various applications using IIOT architectures",
      "Choose selected IOT devices for understanding the system architecture of medical IoT",
      "Analyze privacy and security measures for industry and medical standard solutions"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Industrial IoT",
        "content": "Technical Requirements for IIoT, History and Definition of IoT, IoT Enabling Factors, IoT Applications, Key IoT Technologies, Industrial IoT (I-IoT), IoT and IIoT Similarities and Differences, Industry Environments Covered by IIoT"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Industrial Process Understanding",
        "content": "Automation in Industrial Process, Control and Measurement Systems, Types of Industrial Processes"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Industrial Data Flow in Factory",
        "content": "Measurements and Actuator Chain, Industrial Sensors, Digital to Analog Converters, Analog to Digital Converters, Industrial Actuators, Microcontrollers, Embedded Microcontrollers, Microcontrollers with External Memory, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Automation Networks Protocols, Fieldbus Protocol, Industrial IoT Platform Architecture, OSGi, Micro-Services Architecture, Serverless Computing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) Introduction",
        "content": "IoMT On-Body Devices, IoMT In-Home Devices, IoMT Community Devices, IoMT In-Clinic Devices, IoMT In-Hospital Devices, IoMT Data Collection Layer, IoMT Data Management Layer, IoMT Medical Server Layer"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: IoMT Security Threats",
        "content": "IoMT Attack Types, Challenges in IoMT Security Schemes, Current Security Plans for IoMT, Solutions for IoMT Vulnerabilities, Core Differences Between IoT and IoMT, Regulatory Compliance in IoMT"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Giacomo Veneri, Antonio Capasso, Hands-On Industrial Internet of Things, Packt Publishing, 2018.",
      "D. Jude Hemanth et al., Internet of Medical Things: Remote Healthcare Systems and Applications"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Alasdair Gilchrist, Industry 4.0: The Industrial Internet of Things, Apress, 2017."
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Antenna Design and Radiation": {
    "code": "ECEF01",
    "title": "Antenna Design and Radiation",
    "outcomes": [
      "Illustrate the theory of radiation, antenna and antenna arrays.",
      "Understand the antenna terminologies and their significance.",
      "Design different types of antennas and explore their applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Overview of Radiation Theory",
        "content": "Antenna Categories, Broadside Antenna Arrays, End-Fire Antenna Arrays, Conformal Antenna Arrays"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Antenna Gain",
        "content": "Antenna Aperture, Radiation Intensity, Directivity, Directive Gain, Beam Width, Radiation Patterns, Front-to-Back Ratio (FBR), Antenna Bandwidth, Antenna Measurement Methods, Power Pattern Analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Dipole Antenna Design",
        "content": "Monopole Antenna Design, Yagi-Uda Antenna Design, Microstrip Patch Antenna Design, Wideband Industrial Antenna Design, Circularly Polarized Antenna Design, High Gain Antenna Applications"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Antennas and Wave Propagation, K. D. Prasad, Satya Prakashan, 2021.",
      "Electromagnetic waves and radiating systems, Edward Jhordan and Keith Balmin, Pearson, 2015."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Antennas for all applications, John D. Kraus and Ronald J. Marhefka, McGraw-Hill, 2002",
      "Elements of electromagnetism, Matthew Sadiku, Oxford, 2010"
    ],
    "credits": 1
  },
  "Routing in Wireless Sensor Network": {
    "code": "ECEF02",
    "title": "Routing in Wireless Sensor Network",
    "outcomes": [
      "Learn about the issues in the design of wireless ad hoc networks",
      "Understand the working of protocols in different layers of sensor networks",
      "Undestand different aspects in sensor networks"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks",
        "content": "Enabling Technologies for WSNs, WSN Applications, Single-Node Hardware Architecture, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes, Transceiver Design Considerations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: MAC Protocols for WSNs",
        "content": "Low Duty Cycle Protocols, Wakeup Concepts, S-MAC Protocol, Mediation Device Protocol, PAMAS Contention Protocol, LEACH Schedule Protocol, IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Protocol, Energy Efficient Routing Protocols"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Wireless sensor networks: technology, protocols, and applications, Sohraby et al., John Wiley, 2007."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks, Holger Karl, Andreas Willig, Wiley, 2007."
    ],
    "credits": 1
  },
  "Sensor Fusion": {
    "code": "ECEF03",
    "title": "Sensor Fusion",
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognize the need of sensor fusion.",
      "Understand the filter variables for the sensor fusion.",
      "Able to design the filter as per need of the system."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Overview of Sensor Fusion",
        "content": "Need for Sensor Fusion, Complementary Filters Introduction, g-h Filter Intuition and Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Kalman Filter Types",
        "content": "State Matrices, State Variance, State Covariance, Kalman Gain Calculation, Kalman Filter Design for Accelerometer Magnetometer Gyroscope Fusion"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)",
        "content": "Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), Particle Filter, Bayesian Filter"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Kalman and Bayesian Filters in Python, Roger R Labbe Jr, 2018"
    ],
    "references": [
      "An Introduction to the Kalman Filter, Greg Welch, Gary Bishop, 2001."
    ],
    "credits": 1
  },
  "Soft Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 420",
    "title": "Soft Computing",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Students will be able to:",
      "Identify  appropriate  learning  technique  for  classification,  pattern  recognition,",
      "optimization problems, etc.",
      "Apply and relate unified and mathematical basis, general principles of various soft",
      "computing techniques for decision making problems.",
      "Design  and  analyze  intelligent  or  humanistic  systems  using  fuzzy  logic  and",
      "artificial neural network."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Fuzzy Set Theory, Basic Definition and Terminology, Set Theoretic Operations, MF Formulation and Parameterization, MF of two dimension, Fuzzy Union, Intersection and Complement. Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning: Extension Principles and Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy IF THEN Rules, Fuzzy Reasoning."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Fuzzy Inference System, Introduction, Mamdani Fuzzy Models, Other Variants, SugenoFuzzy Models, Tekamoto Fuzzy Models."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Fundamentals of Genetic Algorithms, Basic Concepts Creation, Offsprings Encoding, Fitness functions, Reproduction, Genetic Modelling: Inheritance Operators, Cross over, Inversion and detection, Mutation operator, Bitwise operators."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Introduction to ANN, Architecture, Back Propagation and feed Forward Networks, Offline Learning, Online Learning."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Supervised Learning of Neural Networks, Introduction, Perceptrons, Adaline, Back Propagation Multilayer Perceptrons, Back Propagation Learning Rules, Methods of Speeding. Radical Basis Function Networks, Functional Expansion Networks."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Unsupervised Learning, Competitive Learning Networks, Kohonen self-organising networks, Hebbian Learning, The Hopfield Network"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Neuro-Fuzzy  and  Soft  Computing: A  computational Approach  to  Learning  &  Machine",
      "Intelligence; Roger Jang, Tsai Sun, Eiji Mizutani, PHI.",
      "Soft Computing and Its Applications : R.A. Aliev, R.R. Aliev",
      "Neural Network: A Comprehensive Foundation; Simon Haykin, PHI.",
      "Reference Books :",
      "Elements of artificial Neural Networks; Kishan Mehtrotra, S. Ranka, Penram International",
      "Publishing (India).",
      "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications; Timothy Ross, McGraw-Hill.",
      "Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: Bar Kosko , PHI."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Distributed Computing Systems": {
    "code": "CSL 423",
    "title": "Distributed Computing Systems",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Identify  various  advantages  and  challenges  in  developing  the  distributed  algorithms  for",
      "concepts like synchronization, mutual exclusion, deadlock detection, etc.",
      "Evaluate various distributed algorithms’ performance using various performance measures.",
      "Design  and  develop  distributed  applications  using  low-level  and  high-level  distributed",
      "programming primitives.",
      "Identify various types of faults and fault handling mechanisms in order to build fault tolerant",
      "systems."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction and Distributed Communication",
        "content": "Introduction and motivation to Distributed Systems, Characteristics, Applications, Challenges, Architecture types, Fundamental models. Inter-process and inter-node communication using Sockets – connection oriented and connection-less, Remote Procedure Calls, Remote Method Invocation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Distributed File System",
        "content": "Distributed File System Design and Implementation, Case Studies of NFS, Andrew File Systems, HDFS, Distributed Resource Management."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Clock Synchronization and Theoretical Foundations",
        "content": "Clock Synchronization Techniques, Network Time Protocol, Logical Clocks, Vector Clocks.Causally Ordered Broadcast and Unicast, Termination Detection – Ring based and Dijkstra Scholten algorithms, Leader Election – Ring based, Franklin’salgorithm and Bully Algorithm"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Distributed Mutual Exclusion and Deadlock Detection",
        "content": "Distributed Mutual Exclusion – Token based algorithms – Lamport’s, Ricart-Agarwala, Maekawa’s algorithms, Non-Token based Algorithms – Suzuki Kasami, Raymond’s algorithms, comparison of different algorithms. Distributed Deadlock Detection, Resource and Communication Deadlocks – Centralized technique, Distributed technique - edge chasing and path pushing algorithms, Hierarchical technique, Recovery from Deadlocks."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Fault Tolerance and Recovery",
        "content": "Fault Tolerance, Handling Crash faults –Two phase commit protocol, Non-blocking three phase commit protocol, Birman-Joseph Atomic Broadcast Protocol, Voting techniques for fault tolerance Recovery – forward and backward recovery, undo-redo logs, Coordinated and Uncoordinated Checkpointing and Recovery algos (1 week)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Agreement protocols",
        "content": "LSP Oral Messages, Agreement using Signed Messages"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Advanced concepts in Operating Systems”, Mukesh Singhal and Niranjan Shivratri,  McGraw",
      "Hill Education (India), 2017.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Page 7 of 48",
      "“Distributed Systems: Concepts & Design”, Coulouris, George, Jean Dollimore, and Tim",
      "Kindberg, 5",
      "Edition , AWL Press. Pearson Education, 2011.",
      "“Modern Operating Systems”, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 5",
      "Edition, Pearson Education, 2022."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Real Time Systems": {
    "code": "CSL 424",
    "title": "Real Time Systems",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Able to apply the knowledge of general operating system to real time operating systems",
      "where the concepts of operating system is governed by the timing constraints on the tasks.",
      "Able to design the real time task model for any given real time application.",
      "Able to evaluate the performance of various real time task scheduling algorithms, resource",
      "access control protocols etc for Uniprocessor systems as well as multiprocessor systems.",
      "Able to compare various open source RTOS platforms.",
      "Able to work on small sensor based systems  where they  can  apply the real time task",
      "scheduling, synchronization, communication etc."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to RTS, WCET notion, Types of RTS, Task Types, Jobs – Periodic, Sporadic, Aperiodic, Applications of RTS, Predictability, Reference Model, Types of schedulers, Cyclic and Priority based Schedulers."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Cyclic, priority based schedulers – static/dynamic – RM, EDF, LST, Optimality of EDF, Non- optimality of EDF, Scheduling with precedence constraints, Multiprocessor scheduling – static and dynamic systems, Problems of Predictability in multi-processor systems, Predictability of preemptive priority based scheduling in uniprocessor systems, Performance Measure of validation techniques."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Cyclic scheduling, frame size constraints, Job Slicing, Aperiodic job scheduling using Slack stealing, Sporadic job scheduling, Practical considerations, Disadv of cyclic scheduling."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Priority Based Sched, Static-Dynamic Systems, Fixed, Variable Priorities, Schedulable Utilization, Schedulable Utilization of EDF, Schedulability Test of EDF, Unpredictability of Dynamic Priority in Overload, Liu-Layland Theorem, Optimality of RM in Simply-Periodic Systems, Concept of Critical Instants, Time Demand Analysis, Practical factors – Non- preemption, self-suspension, context switch time, Limited priority levels, Mapping techniques, Impact on schedulability, Tick Scheduling."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Aperiodic jobs in Priority based systems, Polling Server, Combining with background server, Polling Server Parameters, Deferrable Server (DS), Combining with Background Server, Deferrable Server parameters, Disadv of DS, Simple Sporadic Server Rules, Combining Background time, Proof of Simple Sporadic Server as a periodic task, Constant Utilization Server for Deadline Driven systems, Total Bandwidth Server, Starvation free CU/Background Server, Preemptive Weighted Fair Queuing Server, Scheduling of Sporadic Jobs in Fixed Priority and Dynamic Priority Systems."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Resource Control, Model, Priority Inversion, Uncontrolled Priority Inversion, Anomalies, NPCS, Blocking Time, Disadvantages of NPCS, Priority Inheritance Protocol, Deadlocks due to Priority Inheritance Protocol, Priority Ceiling Protocol, DeadlockAvoidance,Analysis of Priority Ceiling Protocol, Blocking time, context switches, Stack Sharing Priority Ceiling Protocol, example, Priority Ceiling Protocol in Dynamic Priority Systems, Preemption Levels, Fixed Preemption Level Systems like EDF, Basic Preemption Ceiling Protocol, Multiple units of resources, Priority ceiling, Preemption ceiling and stack based preemption ceiling protocols for multiple unit resources."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Real-Time Systems :Jane W.S. Liu, Pearson Education",
      "Real Time Systems : C.M. Krishna & Kang G. Shin : McGraw Hill"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Mobile Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 425",
    "title": "Mobile Computing",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognize the basic concepts of Mobile computing",
      "Analyse security, energy efficiency, mobility, scalability, and their unique characteristics in",
      "wireless networks.",
      "Classify the components of Mobile telecommunication system and associated protocols.",
      "Apply knowledge of TCP/IP extensions for mobile networking platforms and application",
      "development."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: INTRODUCTION",
        "content": "Mobile Computing – Mobile Computing Vs wireless Networking – Mobile Computing Applications – Characteristics of Mobile computing – Structure of Mobile Computing Application. MAC Protocols – Wireless MAC Issues – Fixed Assignment Schemes – Random Assignment Schemes – Reservation Based Schemes."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: MOBILE INTERNET PROTOCOL AND TRANSPORT LAYER",
        "content": "Overview of Mobile IP – Features of Mobile IP – Key Mechanism in Mobile IP – route Optimization. Overview of TCP/IP – Architecture of TCP/IP- Adaptation of TCP Window – Improvement in TCP Performance."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM",
        "content": "Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) – General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) – Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), 2G, 3G, 4G."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS",
        "content": "Ad-Hoc Basic Concepts – Characteristics – Applications – Design Issues – Routing Essential of Traditional Routing Protocols –Popular Routing Protocols – Vehicular Ad Hoc networks ( VANET) – MANET Vs VANET – Security."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: MOBILE PLATFORMS AND APPLICATIONS",
        "content": "Mobile Device Operating Systems – Special Constraints & Requirements – Commercial Mobile Operating Systems – Software Development Kit: iOS, Android, BlackBerry, Windows Phone – M- Commerce – Structure – Pros & Cons – Mobile Payment System– Security Issues."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Prasant Kumar Pattnaik, Rajib Mall, “Fundamentals of Mobile Computing”, PHI Learning",
      "Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi – 2012.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Jochen H. Schller, “Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, New",
      "Delhi, 2007.",
      "DharMa Prakash Agarval, Qing and An Zeng, \"Introduction to Wireless and Mobile",
      "systems\", Momson Asia Pvt Ltd, 2005.",
      "Uwe Hansmann, Lomar Merk, Martin S. Nicklons and Momas Stober, “Principles of",
      "Mobile Computing”, Springer, 2003.",
      "WilliaM.C.Y.Lee,“Mobile Cellular Telecommunications-Analog and Digital Systems”,",
      "Second Edition,Tata Mc Graw Hill Edition, 2006.",
      "C.K.Toh, “AdHoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2002."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Software Architecture": {
    "code": "CSL 427",
    "title": "Software Architecture",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On completion of this course students will be able to:",
      "Design and understand software architecture for large scale software systems.",
      "Recognize major software architectural styles, design patterns, and frameworks",
      "Describe a software architecture using various documentation approaches and architectural",
      "description languages",
      "Develop architectural alternatives for a problem and select among them",
      "Use well-understood paradigms for designing new systems"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Software process and the role of modeling and analysis, software architecture and software design. Software Modeling and Analysis: Analysis modeling and best practices, traditional best practice diagrams such as DFDs and ERDs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Software Architecture, architectural styles, architectural patterns, analysis of architectures, formal descriptions of software architectures , Architectural description languages and tools"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Software Design, design best practices, design patterns, design case studies, component technology, object oriented frameworks, distributed objects, interoperability standards, case studies., software quality"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "UML diagrams and UML analysis modeling, analysis case studies, analysis tools, analysis patterns, documenting software architecture, reconstructing software architecture."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Middleware components, programming models, implementation, systems qualities Moving from qualities to architecture and views Components and COTS, Economics- Driven Architecture, Software product line, Software architecture future."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Issues in Software Architecture, Scalability and interoperability issues, web application architectures, case studies."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "M. Shaw, “Software Architecture Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline”, PHI",
      "Len  Bass,  Paul  Clements,  Rick  Kazman,  “Software Architecture  in  Practice”,  Pearson",
      "Education Asia",
      "R. Taylor, N. Medvidovic, E. Dashofy, “Software Architecture – Foundations, Theory, and",
      "Practice”, Wiley India",
      "Jan  Bosch,  “Design  and  Use  of  Software  Architectures”,  Addision-Wesley-Pearson",
      "Education",
      "Page 12 of 48",
      "Christine Hofmeister, Robert Nord, Dilip Soni, “Aoolied Software Architecture”, Addision-",
      "Wesley Pearson Education",
      "Dikel, D.Met Al, “Software Architecture: Organizational Principles and Pattern”, Prentice",
      "Hall"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Software Project Management": {
    "code": "CSL 428",
    "title": "Software Project Management",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Match organizational needs to the most effective software development model",
      "Understanding the basic concepts and issues of software project management",
      "Effectively planning the Software projects and employ mechanisms for tracking the software",
      "projects",
      "Implementing project plans through managing people, communication and change",
      "Developing skills for tracking and controlling software deliverables and address real-world",
      "management challenges"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Overview of Software Project Management, The Project Life Cycle, Software Development Life Cycle Models, Life Cycles and Metrics, Process Maturity: SEI CMM"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Estimation Techniques of IT, Project Scoping, Project Planning, Project Control, Project Phase-Out, Risk Management, Configuration Management"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "People Management, Team Dynamics, Net Present Value, Project Portfolio Management Software Quality Assurance, Project Leadership 1. R.K. Wysocki et al. : Effective Project Management: Traditional, Agile, Extreme, 5 Edition, Wiley India, 2011. 2. C. Jones : Applied Software Measurement, Assuring Productivity and Quality, McGraw Hill"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [
      "D. I. Cleland : Project Management, Strategic Design and Implementation, 3rd edition,",
      "McGraw-Hill.",
      "Page 13 of 48"
    ],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Software Testing and Evaluation": {
    "code": "CSL 429",
    "title": "Software Testing and Evaluation",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Design test cases suitable for a software development for different domains.",
      "Identify suitable tests to be carried out and Prepare test planning based on the",
      "document.",
      "Document test plans and test cases designed",
      "Use automatic testing tools to develop and validate a test plan technology"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "INTRODUCTION, Testing as an Engineering Activity ,Testing as a Process ,Testing Maturity Model, Testing axioms ,Basic definitions, Software Testing Principles ,The Tester‘s Role in a Software Development Organization ,Origins of Defects ,Cost of defects, Defect Classes , The Defect Repository and Test Design ,Defect Examples- Developer/Tester Support of Developing a Defect Repository"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "TEST CASE DESIGN STRATEGIES, Using Black Box Approach to Test Case Design Boundary Value Analysis, Equivalence Class Partitioning, State based testing, Cause-effect graphing, Compatibility testing ,user documentation testing, domain testing – Random Testing ,Requirements based testing – Using White Box Approach to Test design ,Test Adequacy Criteria ,static testing vs. structural testing ,code functional testing ,Coverage and Control Flow Graphs ,Covering Code Logic, Paths ,code complexity testing, Additional White box testing approaches, Evaluating Test Adequacy Criteria."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "LEVELS OF TESTING, Unit Test, Unit Test Planning ,Designing the Unit Tests ,The Test Harness ,Running the Unit tests and Recording results, Integration tests , Designing Integration Tests, Integration Test Planning, Scenario testing, Defect bash elimination System Testing, Acceptance testing ,Performance testing ,Regression Testing ,Internationalization testing ,Ad-hoc testing, Alpha, Beta Tests ,Testing OO systems Usability and Accessibility testing ,Configuration testing ,Compatibility testing, Testing the documentation – Website testing."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "TEST MANAGEMENT, Organization structures for testing teams, testing services, Test Planning, Test Plan Components, Test Plan Attachments ,Locating Test Items – test management – test process – Reporting Test Results, Introducing the test specialist, Skills needed by a test specialist, Building a Testing Group, The Structure of Testing Group- .The Technical Training Program."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "TEST AUTOMATION, Software test automation, skills needed for automation, scope of automation, design and architecture for automation, requirements for a test tool challenges in automation, Test metrics and measurements, project, progress and productivity metrics."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Ilene Burnstein, ―Practical Software Testing‖, Springer International Edition, 2003.",
      "Edward Kit,‖ Software Testing in the Real World – Improving the Process‖, Pearson Education,",
      "Boris Beizer,‖ Software Testing Techniques‖ – 2nd Edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York,",
      "",
      "Aditya P. Mathur, ―Foundations of Software Testing _ Fundamental Algorithms and Techniques‖,",
      "Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., Pearson Education, 2008"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Advanced Computer Architecture": {
    "code": "CSL 430",
    "title": "Advanced Computer Architecture",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Make the students aware about various trends in computer design, architecture of advanced",
      "processors.",
      "Realization about issues related to instruction level, thread level, data level parallelism in",
      "multi/many core systems, memory organization & optimization techniques.",
      "Understand the design issues with shared/distributed memory systems, multi / many core /",
      "GPGPU architecture"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Classes of computers, Trends in technology, power and costs, dependability, quantitative principles of computer design, Introduction to computing models."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Principles of scalable performance, performance metrics and measures, speedup, performance laws, advanced processor technology, superscalar and VLIW processors, Verified memory, cache memory organizations, shared memory organizations. Memory hierarchy, cache performance, protection and examples of virtual memory, cache coherence."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Pipeline and superscalar techniques, linear pipeline processors, reservation and latency analysis, collision free scheduling, pipeline schedule optimization, instruction pipeline design, arithmetic pipeline design, super scalar and super pipeline design."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Multiprocessors and multi-computers, Brief overview of SIMD, MIMD, vector architectures and multi-core architectures."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Elementary theory about dependence analysis, techniques for extraction of parallelism, branch prediction, dynamic scheduling, multiple issue and speculation, limits on instruction level parallelism, Thread level parallelism"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Computer Architecture  : A  Quantitative Approach  :  Hennessy  and  Patterson  :  Morgan",
      "Kaufmann: 4th",
      "Advanced Computer Architecture, Kai Hwang , McGraw Hill",
      "Advanced Computer Architectures: A design space approach, Sima D, Fountain T. And",
      "Kacsuk P, Pearson Education"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Computer Graphics": {
    "code": "CSL 431",
    "title": "Computer Graphics",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Student will able to understand the structure of modern computer graphics systems and the",
      "basic principles of implementing computer graphics primitives",
      "Student will be able to analyze and implement key algorithms for modeling and rendering",
      "graphical data",
      "Student  will  be  able  to  develop  design  and  problem  solving  skills  with  application  to",
      "computer graphics",
      "Student will acquire experience in constructing interactive computer graphics programs"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction of Graphics Systems, Use of Computer graphics, Video Display Devices, Refresh Cathode-Ray Tubes, Raster and Random Scan Displays, Color CRT Monitors, Direct View Storage Tubes, Flat Panel Displays, Three-Dimensional Viewing Devices, Stereoscopic & Virtual Reality Systems, Raster and Random Scan Systems, Different Input and Hard Copy Devices, Graphics Software."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Output Primitives, Points and Lines, Line Drawing Algorithms (DDA & Bresenham’s), Circle and Ellipse Generating Algorithms, Conic Sections."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "2D Geometric Transformations, Different types of transformations and their matrix representations, Homogeneous Coordinates, Composite Transformations, transformations between Coordinate Systems, Affine transformations, Window-to-Viewport Coordinate transformation, Clipping-Point, Line, Polygon, Curve and Text Clipping."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "3D Concepts and Object Representation, Three Dimensional Display Methods, Polygon Surfaces, Curved Lines & Surfaces, Qudric Surfaces, Spline Representations, Cubic Spline interpolation methods, Bezier Curves and Surfaces."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "3D Transformations and Viewing, Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shears, Composite Transformations, Projections- Parallel and Perspective, Projection Transformations, Clipping."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Visible Surface Detection Methods, Classification of Visible Surface Detection Algorithms, Back Face Detection, Depth Buffer Method, A-Buffer Method, Scan-Line Method, Depth Sorting Method, BSP-Tree Method & Area Subdivision Method. Illumination Models and Surface Rendering: Light Sources, Basic Illumination Models, Polygon- Rendering Methods."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "1. D. Hearn & M.P. Baker - Computer Graphics, 2/e , Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2005",
      "Reference Books:",
      "W.M. Newman.- Principle of Interactive Computer Graphics, Mc Graw Hill Publication,",
      "New Delhi, 1995.",
      "S. Harrington -Computer Graphics- A Programming Approach, McGraw Hill Publication,",
      "New Delhi, 1994.",
      "J.D. Foley - A Fundamental of Computer Graphics Addition Wesley, London, 1993."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Introduction to Parallel Computing": {
    "code": "CSL435",
    "title": "Introduction to Parallel Computing",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Identify the dependency in computation.",
      "Analyze and decompose the computation into parts for parallel computation.",
      "Apply OpenMP, MPI and GPU programming for the development of parallel programs.",
      "Simulate on parallel computing architectures and do performance evaluation amongst the",
      "parallel algorithms."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Parallel Computers and architectures, Dependency analysis, loop transformation techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Programming with Shared Memory, OpenMP and Message-Passing Computing"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Embarrassingly Parallel Computations, Partitioning and Divide-and-Conquer Strategies, Pipelined Computations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Synchronous Computations, Load Balancing and Termination Detection, Introduction to GPU Programming"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Sorting Algorithms, Numerical Algorithms, Image Processing algorithms, Searching and Optimization"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Introduction to Parallel Computing”, Ananth Grama, Anshul Gupta, George Karypis, Vipin",
      "Kumar, 2nd edition, Addison-Wesley, 2003.",
      "“Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP”, Michael J. Quinn, McGraw Hill, 2003.",
      "“CUDA  by  Example: An  Introduction  to  General-Purpose  GPU  Programming”,  Jason",
      "Sanders, Edward Kandrot, 1",
      "edition, Addison-Wesley Professional, 2010.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Designing and Building Parallel Programs”, Ian Foster, 1st edition, Pearson, 2019.",
      "“An Introduction to Parallel Computing: Design and Analysis of Algorithms”, Ananth",
      "Grama, 2",
      "edition, Pearson, 2004.",
      "“Parallel Programming – Techniques and applications Using Networked Workstations and",
      "Parallel Computers”, Barry Wilkinson and Michael Allen, 2nd edition, Pearson, 2004.",
      "“Multi-Core Programming - Increasing Performance through Software Multi-Threading”,",
      "Shameem Akhter and Jason Roberts, Intel Press, 2006."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Bioinformatics": {
    "code": "CSL 437",
    "title": "Bioinformatics",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Implement basic string based computational methods and algorithms to understand the cell",
      "and biological systems.",
      "Analyze and apply algorithms and programming techniques like dynamic programming,",
      "hashing, and suffix trees.",
      "Demonstrate data handling and analysis and apply data compression.",
      "Develop  multidisciplinary  approach  to  the  systematic  analysis  of  complex  biological",
      "phenomena including evolution and gene expression.",
      "Apply computational concepts of data science and machine learning to systems biology",
      "problems, implement solutions, verify results and contribute to the society."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Basics of biology",
        "content": "Central Dogma of molecular biology, Understanding DNA, RNA and Protein Data, Computer representation of data."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: String Matching",
        "content": "Sequences, Problem statement, Edit distance and substitution matrices, Global and local alignments, KMP Algorithm, Boyre Moore, suffix trees."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Compression algorithms",
        "content": "Burrow Wheeler Transform (BWT), Lampel Ziv WelchTransform (LZW) and implementation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Phylogenetic trees",
        "content": "Introduction to Evolution, Phylogeny -Molecular Evolution, Phylogeny Example, Sankoff and Finch Algorithms."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Introduction to Data Analytics",
        "content": "Biological Databases,Types of data, Data Visualization, Prediction from biological data, Examples of K-means (here) and Hierarchical Clustering."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Modelling biological systems",
        "content": "Conditional Probability/ Bayes Theorem, Hidden Markov models. Miscellaneous topics: Pathways and networks, Microarrays, Biomedical images, Genetic Algorithms and applications."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "\"An Introduction to Bioinformatics Algorithms\", Jones, Pevzner, MIT Press, 2004.",
      "\"Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences\", Gusfield, Cambridge University Press,",
      "",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“An Introduction to Systems Biology: Design Principles of Biological Circuits”  Uri",
      "Alon, 1st edition, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, 2006"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Information Retrieval": {
    "code": "CSL 438",
    "title": "Information Retrieval",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "Understanding the basics of Information retrieval like what is a corpus, what is precision",
      "and recall of an IR system",
      "Understanding the data structures like Inverted Indices used in Information retrieval",
      "systems",
      "Understanding the basics of web search",
      "Understanding the different techniques for compression of an index including the",
      "dictionary and its posting list",
      "Understanding the different components of an Information retrieval system",
      "Developing the ability of develop a complete IR system from scratch"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Boolean retrieval, the term vocabulary and postings lists, Dictionaries and tolerant retrieval, Introduction to index-construction and index-compression"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Scoring, term weighting and the vector space model Computing scores in a complete search system, Evaluation in information retrieval, Introduction to Relevance feedback and query expansion."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Probabilistic information retrieval, review of basic probability theory, the probability ranking principle, the binary independence model. Language models for information retrieval, Language modeling versus other approaches to IR, Text classification and Naive Bayes, Bayesian Network approaches to IR."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Vector space classification, Support vector machines and machine learning on documents, Fl at clustering, Hierarchical clustering, Matrix decomposition and latent semantic indexing."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Introduction to Web search basics, Web crawling and indexes, Link analysis. Typical Assignments: Based on techniques studied, implementation of those techniques, study of research papers."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "An Introduction to Information Retrieval: Christopher D. Manning, Prabhakar",
      "Raghavan,Hinrich Schütze, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2009",
      "Information Retrieval: Implementing and evaluating search engines: Stefan Büttcher,",
      "Charles L. A. Clarke, Gordon V. Cormack, MIT Press, 2010",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Information Retrieval: Algorithms and Heuristics: David A. Grossman, Ophir Frieder,",
      "Springer.",
      "Information Retrieval: Data Structures and Algorithms by Frakes, Pearson."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Business Intelligence": {
    "code": "CSL 439",
    "title": "Business Intelligence",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply the principles of Business Intelligence in various business application.",
      "Apply different data integration techniques and develop multidimensional data model.",
      "Implement Data Warehouse methodology and BI project life cycle.",
      "Design an enterprise dashboard that depicts the key performance indicators which helps in",
      "decision making"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to Business Intelligence What is Business Intelligence, Why do we need Business Intelligence, EIS, MIS, DSS & BI, Information Pyramid – Data, Information, Knowledge & Intelligence. Basis for Operational, Tactical & Strategic Decision Making, OLTP Vs. OLAP, Requirements Gathering in BI through Business Questions, BI in various Domains and Functional Area"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Principles of Dimensional Modelling Foundation for Fact based decision making, The STAR and SNOWFLAKE schema, Pros & Cons of the STAR/SNOWFLAKE Schema Dimensional Model, Slowly Changing Dimension tables, Fact-less Fact Tables, Aggregation Strategy, Time Dimension"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Business Intelligence System Architecture Need for Enterprise Class Business Intelligence Infrastructure, The BI Ecosystem, Building Blocks of a N-Tier BI System – Servers & Communication Protocols, The Central Repository – Metadata, Information Consumption User Interfaces – Desktop Vs. Web Vs. Mobile, Open Architecture, Scalability, Performance in BI – In Memory Analytics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "BI Project Lifecycle Typical BI Project Lifecycle, Requirements Gathering & Analysis – Functional & Non- Functional Requirements, Reports & Dashboards Design – Mock-up and Storyboarding, Testing in a BI Project, BI Project Deployment, Post Production Support"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Enterprise Class BI Tool First Level of Abstraction of the Data Warehouse in MicroStrategy, Building the Schema Objects – Attributes, Facts, Transformation & Hierarchies, Building Reusable Application Objects – Metrics, Filters, Prompts, Five Styles of BI, Building Reports – Grids & Graphs, Report Manipulation over the Web – Pivoting, Sorting, Drilling, Exporting etc., Setting up Report Distribution, Report Project"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Turban E., Sharda R., Delen D., King D., Business Intelligence, Pearson Education.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Page 24 of 48",
      "Sabherwal R. and Becerra-Fernandez I., Business Intelligence, Wiley.",
      "Kimball R., Ross M., The Kimball Group Reader: Relentlessly Practical Tools for Data",
      "Warehousing and Business Intelligence, Wiley and Sons (2010)."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Advanced Compilers": {
    "code": "CSL 440",
    "title": "Advanced Compilers",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Appreciation of parsing and code generation techniques",
      "Understanding of optimizations problems and issues, data flow analysis framework and",
      "mathematical modeling.",
      "Appreciation of role of machine specific issues in compiler construction, the choice of",
      "instructions,   the availability of registers etc.",
      "Ability to combine different optimization techniques to achieve the overall objective of",
      "program efficiency.",
      "Appreciation of optimization techniques for multi-processor machines and parallelizing",
      "optimization  schemes."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Review of compiler fundamentals – lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis and intermediate code generation, error recovery, run time storage management, code generation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Code optimization – Peephole optimization, control flow analysis, data flow analysis, dependence analysis, redundancy elimination, loop optimization, procedural and inter procedural optimization, instruction scheduling."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Compiling for High performance architectures, Compiling for scalar pipeline, compiling for vector pipeline, super scaler and VLIW processors, compiling for multiple issue processors, compiling for memory hierarchy. Parallelization and Vectorization, Dependence and dependence testing."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Loop Normalization, Induction variable Exposure, Enhancing Fine Grained Parallelism, Loop Interchange, Scalar Expansion, Scalar and Array Renaming, Node splitting, Index-set splitting, Loop skewing."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Optimizing Compiler for Modern Architecture: A dependence based approach , Randy",
      "Allen, Kennedy",
      "Advanced Compiler Design and implementation : Steven S. Muchnick",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Engineering & Compiler : Keith D. Cooper & Linda Torczon: Morgan Kaufmann",
      "Page 25 of 48"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Paradigms in Programming Languages": {
    "code": "CSL 441",
    "title": "Paradigms in Programming Languages",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "Evaluate various programming language paradigms to illustrate their usefulness.",
      "Analyze differences between various strategies for implementation of programming",
      "languages and realize their effects on the efficiency of the programs.",
      "Design and implement algorithms for implementing various features of programming",
      "languages like dynamic memory management schemes, supporting variety of data types,",
      "exception handling mechanisms, etc.",
      "Evaluate various programming languages so as to choose an appropriate programming",
      "language for the problem to be solved."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to Programming Languages, Evolution of languages, language paradigms, Brief concepts of machine Code, assembly code, assemblers, High Level Languages, Compilation and Interpretation, Hybrid strategies, Bootstrapping, T-Diagrams, Self-Compiling Compilers."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Data Types, Various data Types, Numeric types, implementation of various data types like int, float, boolean, char, enum, subranges, Basics of IEEE 754 floating point standards, Type checking, Type equivalence, type coercion, conversion, concept of symbol table, Records (Structures) and Variants (Unions), Arrays, Strings, Sets, Pointers and Recursive Types."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Names, Scopes, and Bindings, Names, Bindings, Lifetime, Var and value model, Scope, Static and Dynamic Scoping, Aliases, Intern and Extern Static variables in C, Separate compilation, Heap Management – First fit, best fit implementations, Buddy system, Fibbonacci heaps, Garbage Collection - Reference Count, Mark and Sweep, Tracing collection without recursion, Integration of compaction with garbage collection, Generational Collection and Conservative Collection."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Control Flow, Expression evaluation, Assignment Statements, Short Circuit Evaluation of Expression Variables, Selection Statements, Case Statements, Jump Table, Iteration, Enumerated loops, While loop, C for loop, do-while loop."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Subroutines and Control Abstraction Review of Stack Layout, Calling Sequences, Access to local variables, Static link, non-local function calls, Tail recursion, Tree Recursion, Thinking Recursively, Stack Smashing due to lack of bound checks, Parameter passing, Conformant Arrays, Passing of Closures, Call by Name, Variable number of arguments, Exception Handling."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Data Abstraction and Object Orientation Modular Programming, Generic Subroutines and Modules, Classes, Constructors and Destructors, Implementation issues, Operator Overloading, Templates, Implementation issues for Generic Templates, Representation of an object, Inheritance, Protected Specifier, Dynamic method binding and its implementation, Abstract Classes and Multiple Inheritance. 1. Michael L. Scott, “Programming Language Pragmatics” (Fourth Edition), Elsevier."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Data Sciences": {
    "code": "CSL 445",
    "title": "Data Sciences",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "Students will demonstrate skill in data management and proficiency with statistical analysis",
      "of data.",
      "Students will develop the ability to build and assess data-based models.",
      "Students will execute statistical analyses with professional statistical software.",
      "Students will apply data science concepts and methods to solve problems in real-world",
      "contexts and will communicate these solutions effectively"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Basic of Data Science, What is Data Science? Big Data and Data Science hype, Why now? – Datafication, Current landscape of perspectives, Skill sets required. Statistical Inference: Populations and samples, Statistical modeling, probability distributions, fitting a model. Business Analytics, Data, Information, Understanding Business Analytics"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Python for data Science, Python data types, Python Lists, Conditional Statements, Functions packages, Numpy, matplotlip, control flow and pandas"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Introduction to R and Data Manipulation, Data types and function, Variables in R, Scalars, Vectors, Matrices, List, Data frames, functions in R, Factors, Data manipulation: Data sorting, Find and remove duplicates record, Cleaning data, Recoding data, Merging data"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Data Import and Exploratory Data Analysis, Data Import: Reading Data, Writing Data in R, Web Scraping, Exploratory Data Analysis: Box plot, Histogram, Pie graph, Line chart"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Statistics, Linear, Logistic Regression, Basics of Statistics, Inferencial statistics, Probability, Hypothesis, Standard deviation, Outliers, Correlation, Linear & Logistic Regression,"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Clustering techniques, Regression & Classification, Introduction to Data Mining, Understanding Machine Learning, Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning, K-means clustering"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "An Introduction to Data Science by Jeffrey S. Saltz and Jeffrey M. Stanton, Sage Publication,",
      "",
      "Python  for  Data Analysis:  Data Wrangling  with  Pandas,  NumPy,  and  IPython  by Wes",
      "McKinny, O’Reilly Media, 2017.",
      "Practical  Data  Science  with  R,  by  Nina  Zumel,  Jim  Porzak,  John  Mount,  Publisher:",
      "Dreamtech, 2014.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Learning Python, 5th Edition by Mark Lutz, O’Reilly Media, 2017.",
      "An Introduction to Data Science by Jeffrey S. Saltz and Jeffrey M. Stanton, Sage Publication,",
      "",
      "Data Science by John D. Kelleher and Brendan Tierney, MIT Press, 2018.",
      "Principles of Data Science by Sinan Ozdemir, 2018."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Quantum Computing": {
    "code": "CSL448",
    "title": "Quantum Computing",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "To provide the students an introduction to quantum computation",
      "To offer background material related to the algebra of complex vector spaces and quantum",
      "mechanics",
      "To design application using quantum computing"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to Quantum Computation, Quantum bits, Bloch sphere representation of a qubit, multiple qubits."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Background Mathematics and Physics, Hilber space, Probabilities and measurements, entanglement, density operators and correlation, basics of quantum mechanics, Measurements in bases other than computational basis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Quantum Circuits, single qubit gates, multiple qubit gates, design of quantum circuits."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Quantum Information and Cryptography, Comparison between classical and quantum information theory. Bell states. Quantum teleportation. Quantum Cryptography, no cloning theorem."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Quantum Algorithms, Classical computation on quantum computers. Relationship between quantum and classical complexity classes. Deutsch’s algorithm, Deutsch’s-Jozsa algorithm, Shor factorization, Grover search."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Noise and error correction, Graph states and codes, Quantum error correction, fault-tolerant computation."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Nielsen  M. A.,  Quantum  Computation  and  Quantum  Information,  Cambridge  University",
      "Press., 2002.",
      "Benenti G., Casati G. and Strini G., Principles of Quantum Computation and Information , Vol.",
      "I: Basic Concepts, Vol II: Basic Tools and Special Topics, World Scientific., 2004.",
      "Pittenger A. O., An Introduction to Quantum Computing Algorithms, 2000"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Internet of Things: Programming, Protocols": {
    "code": "CSL449",
    "title": "Internet of Things: Programming, Protocols",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On completion of this course students will be able to:",
      "Identify IoT enabling technologies, components and architectures",
      "Analyze various IoT specific protocols and standards",
      "Interface I/O devices, sensors & communication modules, and analyze data from various",
      "sources",
      "Design and Implement IoT based applications on embedded platform"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to Internet of Things, Definition and Characteristics, Architecture, Physical and Logical Design, IoT Enabling Technologies, IoT Levels and Deployment Templates, Domain Specific IoTs examples."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "IoT Hardware, Microcontrollers, Microprocessors, SoC, Interfacing I/O devices, Sensors & Communication Modules; Open-source Electronics Platform such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Programming on Arduino and Raspberry PI."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "IoT Protocols and Standards, MQTT and SMQTT, CoAP, XMPP, AMQP; IEEE 802.15.4: ZigBee, Bluetooth and BLE, 6LoWPAN and RPL; RF Protocols: RFID, NFC."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "IoT Platforms Design Methodology, IoT Physical devices and endpoints, Integration of IoT applications with Cloud computing."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Case Studies Illustrating IoT Design, Home Automation, Cities, Environment, Agriculture, and Productivity Applications."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Internet of Things, A Hands-on Approach, Arshdeep Bahga, Vijay Madisetti, University",
      "Press, 2015.",
      "The Internet of Things, Oliver Hersent, David Boswarthick, and Omar Elloumy, Wiley, 2015.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "The Internet of Things - How Smart TVs, Smart Cars, Smart Homes, Smart Cities are",
      "changing the World, Michael Miller, 2015, Pearson.",
      "Internet of Things Architecture and Design Principles, Raj Kamal, McGraw Hill Education",
      "(India) Pvt Ltd, 2017.",
      "List of Lab Assignments / Experiments",
      "Programming simple Arduino based IoT projects.",
      "Programming Raspberry PI using Python.",
      "Integration of IoT applications with the Cloud."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Computational Genomics and Proteomics": {
    "code": "CSL450",
    "title": "Computational Genomics and Proteomics",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On completion of this course students will be able to:",
      "Analyse the fundamental concepts of Genomics and proteomics.",
      "Apply genomics and proteomics algorithms to process biological data.",
      "Analysis  and  Comparison  of  the  difference  between  various  biological  data  processing",
      "algorithms.",
      "Design and Evaluate real-life-based data analytics projects and applications."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction, main biological sequences, DNA, RNA, and protein, central dogma process, DNA: DNA composition: nucleotides, helical structure, intron, exon. Protein: amino acid, Synthesis, protein structure classification, binding site, the active site, and subcellular localization."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Biological sequencing by synthesis, base calling, error in sequencing, Biological sequence reads, working with sequencing reads, positional analyzing the reads, read alignment and its problem, puzzled genome, Biological sequence algorithms: sliding window algorithm, Improving on sliding window algorithm, Biological Sequence programming with Python."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Approximate matching and the pigeonhole principle. Hamming, and Levenshtein distance. Algorithms for approximate Levenshtein distance: Baeza-Yates–Gonnet algorithm, Phonetic coding, Dynamic Programming: The Needleman-Wunsch algorithm and Smith-Waterman algorithm, Wagner- Fischer Algorithm. Pre-processing, and indexing. Hash tables for indexing, methods for hash indexing, Indexing through grouping and ordering, k-mers and k-mer indexes."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Rules of assembly, De novo assembly, Overlaps, and overlap graphs. Algorithms for assembly: Shortest common superstring and the greedy version. Third law of assembly."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Repetitive strings and difficulty in congregation. De-Bruijn graphs and Eulerian walks. How real assemblers work. The future of assembly. Data variability and replication, Data transforms, Clustering, Dimension reduction, Pre-processing, and normalization."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Null and alternative hypotheses analysis, K-mer’s algorithm for pattern search, bin creation, extraction of a suitable candidate, filtering criteria, and probabilistic elongation. Machine learning for biological sequences."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "A Primer for Computational Biology by Shawn T. O’Neil.",
      "Introduction to Computational Biology by Michael S. Waterman.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Bioinformatics with Python Cookbook: Learn how to use modern Python bioinformatics",
      "libraries and applications to do cutting-edge research in computational biology by Tiago",
      "Antao.",
      "Page 33 of 48",
      "Algorithms on Strings, Trees, and Sequences: Computer Science and Computational Biology",
      "by Dan Gusfield.",
      "Machine Learning Methods for Computational Biology by Limin Li.",
      "Data Repository:",
      "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene",
      "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/",
      "https://www.uniprot.org/"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Computational Finance": {
    "code": "CSL451",
    "title": "Computational Finance",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Understand the structure and functioning of financial markets and derivatives.",
      "Derive and use of Martingales in different settings",
      "Do time series analysis of the incoming data along with Black-Sholes",
      "Demonstrate the use of Reinforcement Learning as an online algorithm for",
      "optimization"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1",
        "content": "Financial Markets and Derivatives- Introduction to Financial Markets: Bonds, Stocks, and Derivatives; Organization of Financial Markets: Structure, Participants, and Regulatory Framework; Margins and Transaction Costs: Understanding the cost of trading; Derivatives and Pricing: Options, Futures, and Swaps, Binomial Option Pricing Model, Black-Scholes Model and Option Greeks (Delta, Gamma, Vega, Theta, Rho)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Martingale Theory- Conditional expectations",
        "content": "Martingales, Fair and Unfair games, Convergence Theorem, Doob’s Theorem, Ito Calculus, Martingale inequalities, and convergence."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Specialized Martingales – Bounded Martingales",
        "content": "Uniform Martingales, Uniform, Integrability, Law of iterated logarithms, Radon-Nikodym Theorem, Supermartingles, and submartingales."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Time Series Analysis",
        "content": "ARIMA, Volatility Modeling, GARCH Models for Volatility, Estimation, Technical Analysis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Reinforcement Learning",
        "content": "Multi-Armed Bandits, Temporal Difference Learning, Q, Learning, Q+ Learning, SARSA, Special Topics – Sigma-Algebra, Volatility Modeling, Stochastic Differential Equations"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Probability with Martingales”, David Williams, Publisher: Cambridge University,",
      "",
      "\"Introduction to the Economics and Mathematics of Financial Markets\", Jaksa Cvitanic",
      "and Fernando Zapatero, MIT Press, 2004.",
      "\"Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control\", George E. P. Box, Gwilym M.",
      "Jenkins, Gregory C. Reinsel, and Greta M. Ljung, Fifth Edition, Wiley, 2015.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "\"Quantitative Trading: How to Build Your Own Algorithmic Trading Business\",",
      "Ernest P. Chan, 2",
      "Edition, John Wiley & Sons, September 2021",
      "“Reinforcement Learning”, Richard Sutton and Andrew Barto, 2",
      "Edition, MIT",
      "Press, 2018",
      "Page 35 of 48"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Model-Driven Software Engineering": {
    "code": "CSL452",
    "title": "Model-Driven Software Engineering",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Understand model-driven software engineering principles",
      "Apply modeling languages and constraints to define model-driven architectures",
      "Analyze model to model transformations, classification and types of transformations",
      "Evaluate model to text transformations, code generation, and transformation languages"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Model-Driven Software Engineering Principles",
        "content": "Overview of Model-Driven Software Engineering methodology, Tool support, Automating software development, Use cases of Model-Driven Software Engineering"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Model-Driven Architectures",
        "content": "Definitions and Assumptions, Modeling Levels, General purpose and domain specific languages, Architecture-driven modernization, Business process modeling"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Modeling Languages",
        "content": "Anatomy of Modeling Languages, Multi view modeling and language extensibility, UML and UML Extensibility, Overview of domain specific languages, Defining modeling constraints"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Model to Model Transformations",
        "content": "Model transformations and their classification, Exogenous and Out-place transformations, Endogenous and In-place transformations, Bi-directional model transformations"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Model to Text Transformations",
        "content": "Basics of Model driven code generation, code generation through programming languages, code generation through model to model transformations, Template based transformation language"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "● Marco  Brambilla,  Jordi  Cabot,  Manuel Wimmer “Model-Driven  Software  Engineering  in",
      "Practice” Morgan and Claypool 2nd Edition",
      "● Jack Herrington “Code Generation in Action” Manning",
      "Web References: https://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/dkolovos/research/recommended-reading/",
      "Page 36 of 48"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Computational Logic Design Methodology": {
    "code": "CSL453",
    "title": "Computational Logic Design Methodology",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Apply the learnt knowledge of data structure and algorithm course in problem formulation",
      "and its solution.",
      "Analyze the computational and space complexity of the proposed feasible & optimal",
      "solution for various problems.",
      "Optimize the solution by considering the tradeoff between time and space complexity and",
      "selection of an underlying data structure for formulating the solution."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction",
        "content": "Algorithm & Data structure Overview, Growth of a function, Feasible & Optimal Solution, Computational & space complexity, mathematical overview. Elementary data structures: array, stack, queues, linked list, trees, graphs, priority queue, sets, union-find, etc. Recursive & Iterative formulation, algorithm design paradigm overview."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linear DS",
        "content": "Two sum Problem & its extension to three sum, k sum problem. First missing positive number, sliding window maximum problem, two pointer techniques, slow and fast pointer, remove nth node from end of list, trapping rain water, valid palindromes, linked list cycle detection, palindrome list, happy numbers, valid parenthesis, reverse polish notation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Tree and Graph",
        "content": "Maximum depth of Binary tree, Max path sum, number of islands, kth smallest in BST, longest increasing path in a matrix, topological sort, connected components"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: DAC & Greedy Approach",
        "content": "Sorted Array problems, Median, merge k sorted lists, maximum subarray, kth smallest/largest element in sorted/unsorted array, searching in 2D matrix, top k frequent items, Longest Substring with At Least K Repeating Characters, majority element, Sorted Array problems: duplicates removal, rotation, shifting, etc. Tiling and skyline problem. Activity selection, Huffman coding, Egyptian fraction, Minimum product subset of an array, Partitioning array problems, first fit / best fit algorithm, Spanning trees, coin change"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Dynamic programming & Backtracking",
        "content": "Maximal subarray, Maximum product subarray, Subset sum, Pascal's Triangle, coin change, common/increasing substring & subsequence, palindrome substring and subsequence, largest rectangle histogram & Maximum sum rectangle in a 2D matrix. Palindrome Partitioning, Word Wrap Problem, Word break, Shortest path-based problems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Algorithms by Jeff Erickson (freely available online)",
      "Algorithms Illuminated by Tim Roughgarden",
      "Competitive Programming 4: The Lower Bound of Programming Contests in the 2020s by",
      "Steven Halim and Felix Halim"
    ],
    "references": [
      "Introduction to Algorithms: Cormen T.H. et.al: Prentice Hall of India",
      "Computer Algorithms: Horowitz, Sahani, Rajsekharan , Galgotia Publications Pvt.Ltd",
      "Page 37 of 48",
      "Guide to Competitive Programming: Learning and Improving Algorithms Through",
      "Contests Antti Laaksonen"
    ],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Natural Language Understanding and Generation": {
    "code": "CSL 456",
    "title": "Natural Language Understanding and Generation",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students shall be able to:",
      "Convert text into vectors using various methods enabling text/speech analysis.",
      "Implement a document retrieval system/search engine/similarity search/vector similarity.",
      "Apply Deep learning for Natural language understanding and language generation.",
      "Study case studies related to Natural Language Processing like sentiment",
      "analysis, question answering, etc."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Basics of Natural language processing, Understanding and Generation, Vector Models & Text Pre-processing, Bag of Words, Count Vectorizer (Theory), Tokenization, Stop words, Stemming and Lemmatization, Vector Similarity, TF-IDF, Word-to-Index Mapping, NLP Tasks."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Introduction to Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models, Probabilistic Models (Introduction), Markov Chain, PCA, LSA/LDA, SVD, Probability Smoothing and Log- Probabilities, Language Models, and Sequence Models."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Neural Word Embeddings, Word2Vec, GloVe, FastText, Embedding for Language Models (ELMo), Contextualized word embeddings, Beam Search, Introduction to evaluation metrics: BLEU, GLUE Benchmarks."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Transformer model and its building blocks, Positional Encoding, Self-Attention, Multihead Attention, Masked Multi-head Attention, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Modifications and Advancements in BERT, Large Language Model, Megatron, ChatGPT, Pretraining and fine-tuning of the language models."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Case studies, Text Classification, Sentiment Analysis, Named Entity Recognition, Spam detection, Recommendation systems, Question answering system, Topic Modelling."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Page 39 of 48",
      "“Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing,",
      "Computational  Linguistics  and  Speech  Recognition”,  Daniel  Jurafsky  and  James  H.",
      "Martin, 2nd edition, Pearson Education India, 2013.",
      "“Natural Language Processing with Transformers: Building Language Applications with",
      "Hugging Face”, Lewis Tunstall, Leandro von Werra, Thomas Wolf., 1st edition,  O'Reilly",
      "Media, 2022",
      "Reference Book:",
      "“Natural Language Processing with Python: Analysing Text with the Natural Language",
      "Toolkit”,  Steven Bird, Ewan Klein, Edward Loper., O'Reilly Media, 2011.",
      "“Neural  Network  Methods  for  Natural  Language  Processing  (Synthesis  Lectures  on",
      "Human Language Technologies)”, Yoav Goldberg, Graeme Hirst, Morgan & Claypool",
      "",
      "“Natural Language Processing in Action: Understanding, analyzing, and generating text",
      "with  Python”,  Hobson  Lane,  Hannes  Hapke,  Cole  Howard,  1st  edition,  Manning",
      "Publication, 2019."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Parallel Computer Architecture": {
    "code": "CSL 457",
    "title": "Parallel Computer Architecture",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand various trends in parallel computer design, architecture of advanced / parallel",
      "processors.",
      "Apply advance parallelism concepts at instruction level, thread level and data level in",
      "multi/many core systems.",
      "Analyze the advanced concepts of cache memory organization and optimization techniques.",
      "Evaluate the suitability of various parallel architectures (such as multi / many core / GPU",
      "architectures)  with  respect  to  its  memory  organization,  processor  organization,",
      "interconnection network etc."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to parallel programming models and architecture, Need of Parallel Computing, Moore’law, Dennard Scaling, Amdalh’s Law, Multicore revolution, Moore’s Law for parallel architectures, performance metrics and evaluation, benchmarks, Gem Simulator, shared memory model, message passing model."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Processor Architectures, Pipelined Processor Architecture (Case study of 5 stage pipeline of MIPS processor: Datapath and control) and issues of hazards (RAW, WAR and WAW hazards) and overcoming methods, Branch Prediction techniques (1-bit predictor, 2-bit predictor, correlating predictor etc), Floating point pipelined datapath and control."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Superscalar Processor Architecture (Tomosulo Algorithm), VLIW Processors, Compiler optimization (loop unrolling), Dynamic Instruction Scheduling, ILP, ILP with Speculation, TLP, Hazard Detection and Recovery. Multiprocessors and multi-computers, Brief overview of SIMD, MIMD, vector architectures and multi-core architectures."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Memory Organization and Cache Memory Basics, Recap of Memory Organization: Memory Hierarchy-Cache and Virtual memory, Overview of Cache coherence, Coherence Protocols- Snooping, Directory based protocols, MSI, MESI, and Correctness of coherence protocols- Types of cache misses, update vs invalidate protocol, NUMA architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Cache Memory Optimization, AMAT, Optimization techniques to reduce the miss rate, miss penalty, hit time etc. (Six basic Cache Optimization Techniques and few more optimizations), Case studies: MIPS processor, ARM processor, Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing (FPGA), GPU Architecture (AMD/Nvedia/Intel)."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“A  Quantitative Approach:  Hennessy  and  Patterson:  Computer Architecture\",  John  L.",
      "Hennessy and David A,  4",
      "Edition , Morgan Kaufmann, 2006.",
      "“Advance Computer Architecture: Parallelism, Scalability, Programmability”, Kai Hwang",
      "and Naresh Jotani, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2015.",
      "“Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware Software Interface”, Hennessy and",
      "Patterson, 3rd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2004."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Cyber Security": {
    "code": "CSL 465",
    "title": "Cyber Security",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "Able to employ, design and implement appropriate security methodology and policies to",
      "offer security to computers and digital information",
      "Identify & analyse Information Security threats and vulnerabilities in various systems",
      "Apply security metrics to real world scenarios",
      "Identify trade-offs and concessions in the design and development process of security",
      "system",
      "Enforce the standards and cyber laws to enhance security in the development of security",
      "system"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Cyber Security",
        "content": "Overview of Cyber Security, Internet Governance – Challenges and Constraints, Cyber Threats:- Cyber Warfare-Cyber Crime-Cyber terrorism-Cyber Espionage, Need for a Comprehensive Cyber Security Policy, Need for a Nodal Authority, Open Source/ Free/ Trial Tools: nmap, zenmap, Port Scanners, Network scanners, Metasploit, Manual Inspection, Search Tools for Profiling, Automated Web Crawling, General Countermeasures."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Cyber Security Vulnerabilities and Cyber Security Safeguards",
        "content": "Cyber Security Vulnerabilities-Overview, Weak Authentication, Unprotected Broadband communications, Poor Cyber Security Awareness. Classes of Attack – Code injection, Time-of- check-to-time-of-use race conditions, Sybil attack, Distributed Denial of Service and BGP hijacking, SQL command injection, phishing, and cross-site scripting (XSS). Cyber Security Safeguards- Overview, Access control, Audit, Authentication, Biometrics, Cyber Attacks and Mitigation Techniques, Deception, Denial of Service Filters, Security policy, Threat Management."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Online Anonymity with Securing Web Application",
        "content": "Services and Servers: Basic, security for HTTP Applications and Services, Basic Security for SOAP Services, Identity Management and Web Services, Authorization Patterns, Challenges, Obfuscation and diversity methods, Differential Privacy (Dwork), Anonymous Networks, Tor Network, I2P Network, Freenet, Darknet, Anonymous OS – Tails, Secure File Sharing, VPN, Proxy Server, Connection Leak Testing, Secure Search Engine, Web Browser Privacy Configuration, Anonymous Payment."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Intrusion Detection and Prevention",
        "content": "Intrusion, Physical Theft, Abuse of Privileges, Unauthorized Access by Outsider, Malware infection, Intrusion detection and Prevention Techniques, Anti-Malware software, Network/host based Intrusion detection/prevention Systems, Network Session Analysis, System Integrity Validation, Cloud Storage Encryption, Encrypt DNS Traffic and Email communication, Secure IM and video calls, Username/password Threats, Password Guessing and its Countermeasures, Eavesdropping attacks and its Countermeasures, Forms-based Authentication attacks and its countermeasures."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Indian IT Act and Standards of Cyber Law",
        "content": "Cyber Security Regulations, Indian IT ACT, Adjudication under Indian IT ACT, IT Service Management Concept, IT Audit standards, ISO/IEC 27000 Series, COBIT, HIPPA, SOX, System audit, Information security audit, ISMS, SoA (Statement of Applicability), BCP (Business Continuity Plan), DR (Disaster Recovery), RA (Risk Analysis/Assessment)."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Cyber Forensics",
        "content": "Introduction to Cyber Forensics, Need of Cyber Forensics, Cyber Evidence, Forensic Ballistics and Photography, Face, Iris and Fingerprint Recognition, Audio Video Analysis, Windows System Forensics, Linux System Forensics, WIFI Security (War-driving), Network Forensics, Mobile Forensics, Cloud Forensics, Investigation Tools, eDiscovery, EDRM Model, Digital Evidence Collection, Evidence Preservation, E-Mail Investigation, E-Mail Tracking, IP Tracking, E-Mail Recovery, Hands on Case Studies, Search and Seizure of Computers, Recovering Deleted Evidences, Password Cracking."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Scott Augenbaum, The Secret to Cybersecurity: A Simple Plan to Protect Your Family and",
      "Business from Cybercrime, 2019.",
      "Yuri Diogenes, Erdal Ozkaya, Cybersecurity: Attack and Defense Strategies: Infrastructure",
      "security with Red Team and Blue Team tactics, 2018",
      "Charles J. Brooks, Christopher Grow, Philip Craig, Donald Short, Cybersecurity Essentials,",
      "2018",
      "Reference Books :",
      "Michael Sikorski, Practical Malware Analysis: The Hands-On Guide to Dissecting Malicious",
      "Software, 2012.",
      "Raef Meeuwisse, Cybersecurity for Beginners, 2017.",
      "William Stallings, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Pearson Education/PHI, 2006."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Blockchain Technology": {
    "code": "CSL 466",
    "title": "Blockchain Technology",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Familiarise the functional/operational aspects of cryptocurrency Ecosystem.",
      "Analyse emerging abstract models for Blockchain Technology.",
      "Identify major research challenges and technical gaps existing between theory and practice",
      "in cryptocurrency domain",
      "Investigate and apply the concept of Blockchain Technology to solve the real world",
      "problems",
      "Design and develop new blockchain to address the need of new transactions to offer more",
      "security"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction",
        "content": "Introduction, Applications of Blockchain Technology, opportunity & challenge in Blockchain Technology, Market Growth of Blockchain Technology, The consensus problem - Asynchronous Byzantine Agreement - AAP protocol and its analysis - Nakamoto Consensus on permission-less, nameless, peer-to-peer network - Abstract Models for BLOCKCHAIN - GARAY model - RLA Model - Proof of Work ( PoW) as random oracle - formal treatment of consistency, liveness and fairness - Proof of Stake ( PoS) based Chains - Hybrid models ( PoW + PoS),"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Blockchain Smart Contracts & Wallet",
        "content": "Blockchain Features, Public VS private Blockchain, Cryptography, Hashing and Transactions, Blockchain Structure, Mining and Consensus, How Blockchain Works, Centralization and Decentralization, Smart Contracts, Deploying Smart Contracts, Key Properties of smart Contracts, Language for Smart Contracts, Wallets, Transactions, Public & Private keys."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Bitcoin Case Study of Blockchain",
        "content": "Bitcoin introduction, Getting Bitcoin Wallet, Getting and Sending Bitcoins, Working of Mining Blockchain, Earning Bitcoin Programmatically, Acceptance of Bitcoin on Website Bitcoin, Blocks - Merkley Tree - hardness of mining - transaction verifiability - anonymity - forks - double spending - mathematical analysis of properties of Bitcoin."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Blockchain based crypto currency and Ethereum",
        "content": "Understanding various Cryptocurrency, Concept of Opening Cryptocurrency Wallets, Buying Cryptocurrency Wallet, Withdrawal Cryptocurrency Wallets, Bitcoin with Cryptocurrency, Ethereum, Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), Wallets for Ethereum – Solidity, Ethereum, Ethereum Virtual Machine, blockchain applications using the Ethereum."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Network Applications on Hyperledger",
        "content": "(Trends and Topics) - Zero Knowledge proofs and protocols in Blockchain - Succinct non interactive argument for Knowledge(SNARK) - pairing on Elliptic curves – Zcash, Fundamentals Of Hyperledger, Ethereum VS Hyperledger, Genesis Block Configuration, Creating Network Using Fabric"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "● Arvind Narayanan, Joseph Bonneau, Edward Felten, Andrew Miller, and Steven Goldfeder.",
      "Bitcoin and cryptocurrency technologies: a comprehensive introduction. Princeton University",
      "Press, 2016.",
      "Reference Books / Papers:",
      "● Joseph Bonneau et al, SoK: Research perspectives and challenges for Bitcoin and",
      "cryptocurrency, IEEE Symposium on security and Privacy, 2015.",
      "● J.A.Garay et al, The bitcoin backbone protocol - analysis and applications EUROCRYPT 2015",
      "LNCS VOl 9057, ( VOLII ), pp 281-310.",
      "● R.Pass et al, Analysis of Blockchain protocol in Asynchronous networks , EUROCRYPT 2017,",
      "( eprint.iacr.org/2016/454).",
      "● R.Pass et al, Fruitchain, a fair blockchain, PODC 2017 ( eprint.iacr.org/2016/916)."
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Industrial and Social Applications of Digital": {
    "code": "CSL 467",
    "title": "Industrial and Social Applications of Digital",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand the fundamental concepts and applications of Digital Twin technology.",
      "Develop skills in modelling and simulating complex systems.",
      "Apply Digital Twin solutions to industrial and social systems for decision-making.",
      "Solve multidisciplinary problems through system dynamics and AI-based modelling.",
      "Explore emerging trends and envision future advancements in Digital Twins."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Foundations of Digital Twins",
        "content": "Understanding the Concept of Digital Twins; Historical Evolution and Significance; Basics of Creating a Digital Twin- GML Structure, Domain Modelling; Types of Digital Twins, The Role of Digital Twins in Decision-Making and Control."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Modelling and Simulation with Digital Twins",
        "content": "Basics of System Modelling; Navigating Uncertainty; Types of modelling techniques - Enterprise modelling, System Dynamics, AI-based modelling; Simulation techniques; Simulation Technologies- Vensim, AnyLogic, NetLogo; Assignment and mini case study, Discussion, Q&A and evaluation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Digital Twins for Business Systems",
        "content": "Types of Problems and their Complexities; Industrial Applications - Cyber Physical Systems, Supply Chain, Product and Customer Digital Twin; Industry Talk by invited speaker; Assignment and mini case study; Discussion, Q&A and evaluation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Role of Digital Twins for Social Systems",
        "content": "Digital Twins in Healthcare; Water Management, Agriculture, and Traffic Control; Instructor Guided Assignment and mini case study; Discussion, Q& A and evaluation"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Future Trends and Practical Applications",
        "content": "Exploring Upcoming Trends; Imagining the Future; Group Projects- Problem Definition, Practical Steps in Creating a Digital Twin, Teams work on applying digital twin concepts to a real-world problem, Presentation, and findings."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [],
    "references": [
      "Book: Digital Twins, Simulation, and the Metaverse: Driving Efficiency and Effectiveness",
      "in the Physical World through Simulation in the Virtual Worlds, Michael Grieves (Editor),",
      "Edward Y. Hua (Editor), Springer, 2024",
      "https://www.amazon.com/Digital-Twins-Simulation-Metaverse-",
      "Effectiveness/dp/3031691067",
      "Book  chapter:  Enterprise  Digital  Twin: An Approach  to  Construct  Digital  Twin  for",
      "Complex Enterprises, Souvik Barat, IGI Global, 2020",
      "https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/enterprise-digital-twin/256901",
      "\"Enabling technologies and tools for digital twin.\", Qi, Qinglin, Fei Tao, Tianliang Hu,",
      "Nabil  Anwer,  Ang  Liu,  Yongli  Wei,  Lihui  Wang,  and  Andrew  YC  Nee. Journal  of",
      "Manufacturing Systems 58, 3-21, 2021.",
      "Page 45 of 48",
      "“Human Digital Twin in the context of Industry 5.0.”, Wang, Baicun, Huiying Zhou,",
      "Xingyu Li, Geng Yang, Pai Zheng, Ci Song, Yixiu Yuan, Thorsten Wuest, Huayong Yang,",
      "and Lihui Wang., Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Elsevier, 85, 102626,",
      "",
      "“Digital twin in industry: State-of-the-art”, Tao, Fei, He Zhang, Ang Liu, and Andrew YC",
      "Nee., 15, no. 4, 2405-2415, IEEE Transactions on industrial informatics-IEEE explore ,",
      "",
      "\"Digital twin modeling.” Tao, Fei, Bin Xiao, Qinglin Qi, Jiangfeng Cheng, and Ping Ji.",
      "Journal of Manufacturing Systems 64: 372-389, 2022.",
      "\"Advancements and challenges of digital twins in industry.” Tao, Fei, He Zhang, and",
      "Chenyuan Zhang. 4, no. 3: 169-177.Nature Computational Science, 2024"
    ],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Intelligent Systems": {
    "code": "CSL 468",
    "title": "Intelligent Systems",
    "branch": "CSE",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Analyse and implement various search techniques to solve real-world problems.",
      "Create automated games and solve constraint satisfaction problems.",
      "Apply algorithms to draw automated inferences using logical agents.",
      "Understand AI ethics and apply practical algorithms for making decisions under uncertainty",
      "and for solving planning problems"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "The foundation of AI, the state of the Art in AI, Agents, and environment, Good behaviour – the concept of rationality, Problem-solving agent, Search algorithms – Best First Search, Search data structures, Redundant paths, Measuring problem-solving performance, Uninformed Search Strategies - Breadth-first search, uniform-cost search, Depth-first search and the problem of memory, Depth-limited and iterative deepening search, Bidirectional search, Comparing uninformed search algorithms."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module2:",
        "content": "Informed (Heuristic) Search Strategies - Greedy best-first search, A* search, Satisficing search: Inadmissible heuristics and weighted A*, Memory-bounded search, Recursive Best First Search, Heuristic Functions - The effect of heuristic accuracy on performance, Generating heuristics."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Search in Complex Environment - Local Search and Optimization Problems Adversarial Search and Games: Optimal decision in Games, the Minimax algorithm, Alpha-Beta pruning, Stochastic games, Limitations of Game Search Algorithms."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Knowledge Based Agents, Logic, Propositional Logic, Propositional Theorem Proving, Inference, Equivalence, Validity and Satisfiability, Resolution, Forward and Backward Chaining, DPLL algorithm, First Order Logic, Models for first-order logic, Symbols and Interpretations, Terms, Atomic sentences, complex sentences, Quantifiers, Inference in FOL, Unification and Lifting, Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining, Resolution."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Backtracking Search, variable and value ordering, constraint propagation, intelligent backtracking, local search for CSPs, Automated Planning, Language of planning problems, planning with state-space search, forward and backward state-space search, Heuristics for state-space search."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6:",
        "content": "Uncertain knowledge and reasoning - Acting under Uncertainty, Basic Probability Notation, Inference Using Full Joint Distributions, Bayes' Rule and Its Use, Applying Bayes' rule, Using Bayes' rule, Naive Bayes Models, Text classification with naive Bayes. The Semantics of Bayesian Networks. The Ethics of AI – Fairness and bias, trust and transparency, AI safety."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Artificial Intelligence a Modern Approach”, Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, 4",
      "edition,",
      "Pearson, 2020.",
      "Reference Book:",
      "“Artificial Intelligence: Foundations of Computational Agents”, David  L.  Poole  and  Alan  K.",
      "Mackworth, 3",
      "edition, Cambridge University Press, 2023.",
      "Elective Courses from BS"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Complex Analysis": {
    "code": "MAL 307",
    "title": "Complex Analysis",
    "outcomes": [
      "Demonstrate the understanding and basic importance of analytic functions.",
      "To analyse the properties of complex line integration of analytic functions.",
      "To learn about the convergence tests for complex series and representation of the complex analytic",
      "To evaluate some real integrals with the help of Residue theorem.",
      "To learn conformal mappings that are useful in solving boundary value problems in two-dimensional"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Complex Numbers",
        "content": "Polar form, De-Moivre's formula, Functions of a complex, variable, Limits, continuity, Complex differentiation, Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Harmonic functions, Harmonic conjugates."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Rectifiable arcs",
        "content": "contours, complex line integration, Cauchy’s theorem (without, proof), Cauchy’s integral formula for the derivatives of an analytic function, Morera's theorem (without proof), Liouville’s theorem, fundamental theorem of algebra, maximum modulus principle, Schwarz Lemma."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": ", Sequences, series, uniform convergence, power series, Hadamard’s formula for, the radius of convergence, elementary functions: exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and their identities in the complex plane, multiple valued functions, logarithmic functions and functions with complex exponent. Taylor series, Laurent series, computation of Laurent expansion."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Zeros and poles of a function",
        "content": "Meromorphic function, residue at a singularity, residue theorem, the argument principle, Rouche’s theorem, contour integration and its applications to real integrals."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Definition of conformal and bilinear transformations",
        "content": "cross ratio, critical points, the mappings from disc to disc, disc to half plane and half plane to half plane."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Number Theory": {
    "code": "MAL 306",
    "title": "Number Theory",
    "outcomes": [
      "Demonstrate the understanding and basic importance of Number theory and its",
      "To learn some arithmetical function and mobius inversion formula",
      "To solve linear Congruences and these help computer scientists to create faster",
      "To learn factorization method due to Fermat for the application to",
      "To represent the real numbers by decimals, finite continued fractions, simple"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Divisibility and prime numbers",
        "content": "Divisibility, GCD, The Euclidean Algorithm, LCM, Solution to the linear Diophantine equation 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐, Definition of primes numbers & its properties, the fundamental theorem of Arithmetic."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Number-theoretic functions",
        "content": "the greatest integer function, arithmetical functions, 𝜙(𝑛), 𝜇(𝑛), 𝑑(𝑛) and 𝜎(𝑛), mobius inversion formula, perfect numbers & the Inversion formula."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Congruences",
        "content": "Introduction to linear congruences, solutions of linear, congruences, complete and reduce residue systems, Chinese Remainder Theorem, congruences of higher degrees and perfect numbers."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Elementary results on distribution of primes",
        "content": "prime number theorem. Euler-, Fermat theorem, Wilson’s theorem, non-linear congruences, primitive roots and power residues. Application to cryptography factorization method due to Fermat."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Representation of the real numbers by decimals",
        "content": "finite continued fractions, simple continued fractions, infinite single continued fractions, periodic continued fractions, and their connections with Diophantine approximations."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Complex Numbers",
        "content": "Polar form, De-Moivre's formula, Functions of a complex, variable, Limits, continuity, Complex differentiation, Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Harmonic functions, Harmonic conjugates."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Rectifiable arcs",
        "content": "contours, complex line integration, Cauchy’s theorem (without, proof), Cauchy’s integral formula for the derivatives of an analytic function, Morera's theorem (without proof), Liouville’s theorem, fundamental theorem of algebra, maximum modulus principle, Schwarz Lemma."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": ", Sequences, series, uniform convergence, power series, Hadamard’s formula for, the radius of convergence, elementary functions: exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and their identities in the complex plane, multiple valued functions, logarithmic functions and functions with complex exponent. Taylor series, Laurent series, computation of Laurent expansion."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Zeros and poles of a function",
        "content": "Meromorphic function, residue at a singularity, residue theorem, the argument principle, Rouche’s theorem, contour integration and its applications to real integrals."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Technologies for Human- Computer Interaction": {
    "code": "CSL 475",
    "title": "Technologies for Human- Computer Interaction",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Analyze   the   principles   of   Human-Computer   Interaction   (HCI),   including   ubiquitous",
      "computing, personalization, and evaluation of HCI systems for real-world applications.",
      "Explore  wearable,  environmental,  and  smart  sensing  technologies  while  applying  sensor",
      "fusion and multi-modal data analysis techniques.",
      "Design and implement adaptive HCI applications using location-aware computing, proxemics,",
      "and AI-driven contextual adaptation.",
      "Utilize toolkits and frameworks to develop IoT and embedded systems, integrating real-world",
      "sensing and grassroots technology platforms.",
      "Evaluate privacy risks, bias, and fairness in AI-driven HCI systems while considering ethical",
      "regulations and technical privacy solutions."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to HCI research from a technical perspective - HCI, Research based on Digital Technologies, Overview of Ubicomp, physical, and social computing, Systems for real-world deployments, Core components of ubicomp systems, Personalization & Adaptive Systems, Evaluating HCI Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Sensors and sensor data analysis - Wearable sensing, Environmental / Smart sensing, Sequential sensing and sequential data analysis, Sensor Fusion & Multi-Modal Data Interactions and Analysis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Context aware computing - Location aware and proxemics, Context aware applications, AI methods for Adaptive HCI, Designing and implementing context aware applications"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Physical Computing - Sensing the real world, toolkits and frameworks, Building IoT and embedded technologies, DIY technology and grassroots technology platforms"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Social Computing, privacy & security - Understanding privacy & security, Technical solutions for privacy in technical systems, Bias & Fairness in AI-driven HCI, Ethical Considerations and Regulations in HCI Technologies."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Designing interactive systems: A comprehensive guide to HCI, UX and interaction design”,",
      "David Benyon, Addison Wesley; 2nd edition, 2013.",
      "“Sensor Technologies Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications”, Michael J.",
      "McGrath , Cliodhna Ní Scanaill, Apress, 2013.",
      "“Context-Aware Pervasive Systems Architectures for a New Breed of Applications”, Seng",
      "Loke, Auerbach Publications, 2006.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“The UX book: Agile UX design for a quality user experience”, Hartson, Rex, and Pardha S.",
      "Pyla, Morgan Kaufmann, 2018.",
      "“Security and Usability: Designing Secure Systems that People Can Use”, Lorrie Faith",
      "Cranor, Simson Garfinkel, O'Reilly, 2005",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2 2 2 2    3 2  2",
      "CO2 2 2 2 2 2     2  2",
      "CO3 2 2 3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO4   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO5   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Interaction Design": {
    "code": "CSL 476",
    "title": "Interaction Design",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "To explore the human-centred design for the conception of meaningful digital experiences.",
      "To employ qualitative research methods to bring about insight and a focused direction.",
      "To  analyze  and  validate  digital  concepts  through  quantitative  and  qualitative  research",
      "methods.",
      "To design solutions that are technically sound, aesthetically professional, user-friendly, and",
      "enjoyable to experience.",
      "To  develop  skills  in  management  and  facilitation,  concept  development,  and  direction  of",
      "design and technical implementation."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Introduction to Interaction Design, Evolution of Interaction Design, Human-Computer Interaction, Methodologies and Models, and Process of Conceptual Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Basics of User Experience, Usability concepts, Accessibility, Social and Emotional aspects of Interaction Design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Different types of Interfaces and their elements, Understanding users and discovering needs and requirements, Data Gathering and Analysis Techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Design Prototyping and Construction Methods, Ethics in Design, Case study"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Design methodology for complex products, services and events; design of integrated systems, products for future use, products to be used in groups, devices used in public places, design of multi- modal interfaces, expressive interfaces, products that enrich user experience"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“About face 3: the essentials of interaction design”, Cooper, A., Reimann, R., & Cronin, D.,",
      "John Wiley & Sons, 2007",
      "“Designing for interaction: creating innovative applications and devices”, Saffer, D., 2nd",
      "edition, New Riders, 2010.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Designing with the mind in mind: simple guide to understanding user interface design",
      "guidelines”, Johnson, J., Morgan Kaufmann, 2010.",
      "“Thinking with type: A critical guide for designers”, writers, editors, & students, Ellen",
      "Lupton, 2nd edition, Princeton Architectural Press, 2010.",
      "“Lateral Thinking”, Edward de Bono, PENGUIN UK, 2016.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2 3 2 2    3 2  2",
      "CO2 2 2 3 2 2     2  2",
      "CO3 2 2 3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO4   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO5   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low",
      "Page 4 of 13"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Information Visualization": {
    "code": "CSL 477",
    "title": "Information Visualization",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Identify what kind of problems visualization can solve",
      "Develop  analytical  questions  for  a  data  analysis  problem  and  develop  appropriate  data",
      "manipulations and graphs to answer them",
      "Identify the right type of graph for a data analysis and presentation problem based on tabular",
      "Use  appropriate  visual  representations  for  problem  with  geographical,  time-oriented  and",
      "network data",
      "Develop   simple   interactive   visualizations   with   D3.js   and   be   able   to   argue   for   their",
      "effectiveness"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Visual encodings and data types, Introduction to visualization types and how pick an appropriate visualization in 2D and 3D for a given user, their tasks, and the appropriate dataset. Covers data types and appropriate visualizations including map, timeline, tree, network, and basic statistical plots."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Human perception and cognition, Understanding the basics of how people perceive shape, color, size, Gestalt groups and how this affects visualization design. Color: Appropriate choice of colors, color blindness, color scales, color spaces."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Design thinking, A holistic view of aesthetics, readability, layout; user capabilities and tasks; ideation and design processes. Data simplification techniques: Tools for reducing data complexity as well as visual complexity. On the data side these include filtering & queries, pivoting, aggregation. Visual simplification techniques include visual aggregation, dimensionality reduction, and interaction techniques."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Interaction, Designing multiple coordinated views with brushing and linking, navigation through large datasets (overview + context | overview, filter, details on demand). Visual Storytelling & Animation: Animated transitions and evaluating effective vs. superfluous transitions for preserving the user’s mental map of the underlying data and its relationships. Dealing with time-varying data and basic storytelling techniques."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Evaluation methodology, User experience, human subjects, and quantitative techniques for evaluating visualization and interaction techniques, algorithms, systems, and human perception and vision."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Visualization Analysis and Design”, Tamara Munzner, CRC Press 2014.",
      "“Visual Thinking for Design”, Colin Ware, Elsiver, 2010.",
      "“Interactive Data Visualization for the Web”, Scott Murray, 2nd Ed. , O'Reilly Media 2017",
      "(for the D3.js tutorials).",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Page 5 of 13",
      "“Design for information: an introduction to the histories, theories, and best practices behind",
      "effective information visualizations”, Meirelles, I., Rockport publishers, (2013).",
      "“Information Visualization: Perception for Design”, Colin Ware, Morgan Kaufmann, 2012.",
      "“The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, Edward Tufte, Graphics Press, 2001.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2 2 2 2    2 2  2",
      "CO2 2 2 2 2 2    2 2  2",
      "CO3 2 2 2 2 3  1 1 2 2 2 3",
      "CO4    3 3  1 1 2 2 2 3",
      "CO5    3 3  1 1 2 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "HCI in Software Development": {
    "code": "CSL 478",
    "title": "HCI in Software Development",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Comprehend fundamental principles of HCI and user-centered design.",
      "Evaluate  software  user  interfaces  based  on  defined  usability  criteria,  using  methods  such  as",
      "heuristic evaluation and user observation techniques",
      "Apply  user-centered  design  and  usability  engineering  principles  as  they  design  a  variety  of",
      "software user interfaces.",
      "Use prototyping methods to discover requirements and to evaluate design alternatives.",
      "Conduct simple formal experiments to evaluate usability hypotheses."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction",
        "content": "Interaction Design, Models of Interactions between User and Computer - Designer/Developer, User and Marketing. Interaction Design - Good and Poor Design, Switching to Digital, What to Design, What Is Interaction Design? People-Centered Design, Understanding People, Accessibility and Inclusiveness, Usability and User Experience Goals. Process of Interaction Design - What Is Involved in Interaction Design?, Some Practical Issues. Conceptualizing Interaction - Conceptualizing Interaction, Conceptual Models, Interface Metaphors, Interaction Types, Paradigms, Visions, Challenges, Theories, Models, and Frameworks. Cognitive Aspects - What Is Cognition?, Cognitive Frameworks. Social Interaction - Being Social, Face-to-Face Conversations, Remote Collaboration and Communication, Co-Presence, Social Games. Emotional Interaction - Emotions and Behavior, Expressive Interfaces: Aesthetic or Annoying?, Affective Computing and Emotional AI, Persuasive Technologies and Behavioral Change, Anthropomorphism. Designing good user interfaces, covering important design principles (structure, simplicity, visibility etc.)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Data and Information gathering",
        "content": "Data Gathering - Six Key Issues, Capturing Data, Interviews, Questionnaires, Observation, Putting the Techniques to Work. Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Presentation – Introduction, Quantitative and Qualitative, Basic Quantitative Analysis, Basic Qualitative Analysis, Analytical Frameworks, Tools to Support Data Analysis, Interpreting and Presenting the Findings. Data at Scale and Ethical Concerns – Introduction, Approaches for Collecting and Analyzing Data, Visualizing and Exploring Data, Ethical Design Concerns. Discovering Requirements – Introduction, What, How, and Why? What Are Requirements?, Data Gathering for Requirements, Bringing Requirements to Life: Personas and Scenarios, Capturing Interaction with Use Cases."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Software Engineering Process and Usability Engineering",
        "content": "Review of traditional Software Engineering, Goals and functions of Usability Engineering, Conducting Usability Study, Rapid Prototyping, Usability Testing and Acceptance Testing, creating accessibility software Requirements elicitation using Rankine charts, questionnaires etc. Guidelines, principles and standards for HCI, Rapid iterative design"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Principles of Interface Design",
        "content": "Interfaces – Introduction, Interface Types, Natural User Interfaces and Beyond, Which Interface? VIM editor, Textual output - font selection, point size, layout etc. Developing forms and menus, Graphical user interface and best practices in designing layouts."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Users Requirement & Design",
        "content": "Prototyping - Physical UI Design, Discovering Requirements – Introduction, What, How, and Why? What Are Requirements? Data Gathering for Requirements, Bringing Requirements to Life: Personas and Scenarios, Capturing Design, Prototyping, and Construction - Interaction with Use Cases. Introduction, Prototyping, Conceptual Design, Concrete Design, Generating Prototypes, Construction."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 6: Evaluation techniques",
        "content": "Introducing Evaluation - The Why, What, Where, and When of Evaluation, Types of Evaluation, Evaluation Case Studies, What Did We Learn from the Case Studies? Other Issues to Consider When Doing Evaluation. Evaluation Studies: From Controlled to Natural Settings – Introduction, Usability Testing, Conducting Experiments, In- the- Wild Studies. Evaluation: Inspections, Analytics, and Models – Inspections: Heuristic Evaluation and Walk-Throughs, Analytics and A/B Testing, Predictive Models. Formative and summative evaluation, Scenario-Based Evaluation, Experimental Techniques, Cooperative evaluation techniques, Observational techniques."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Interaction Design: Beyond Human-Computer Interaction”, Jennifer Preece, Helen Sharp,",
      "Yvonne Rogers, 6th Edition, John Wiley & Sons 2023.",
      "Reference Book:",
      "“The Design of Everyday Things: Revised and Expanded Edition”, Don Norman, 2013.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2",
      "CO2 2 2",
      "3 1 1 1 1 2 2 3",
      "3 1 1 1 1 2 2 3",
      "3 1 1 1 1 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Game Design and Prototyping": {
    "code": "CSL 479",
    "title": "Game Design and Prototyping",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Game Design",
        "content": "Thinking Like a Designer, Bartok: A Game Exercise, Definition of Game, Game Analysis Frameworks, Common Frameworks for Ludology, MDA: Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics, Formal, Dramatic, and Dynamic Elements, Elemental Tetrad, Layered Tetrad"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Mechanics, Aesthetics, Narrative, Technology of Inscribed Layer, Dynamic Layer, and Cultural Layer, Acting Like a Designer: Iterative Design, Innovation, Brainstorming and Ideation, Changing Mind, Scoping, Design Goals: An Incomplete List, Designer-Centric Goals, Player-Centric Goals"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Paper Prototyping, Benefits of Paper Prototypes, Paper Prototyping Tools, Paper Prototyping for Interfaces, Example Paper Prototype, Best Uses and Poor Uses for Paper Prototyping, Guiding the Player: Direct Guidance, Methods of Direct Guidance, Indirect Guidance, Methods of Indirect Guidance, Teaching New Skills and Concepts"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Puzzle Design",
        "content": "Scott Kim on Puzzle Design, Puzzle Examples in Action Games, Digital, Prototyping: Thinking in Digital Systems, Unity Development Environment, Introducing C# Language: Hello World Program, Variables and Components, Boolean Operations and Conditionals, Loops, Collections in C#, Functions and Parameters, Debugging, Classes, Object-Oriented Thinking"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Game Prototype Examples",
        "content": "Apple Picker, Mission Demolition, Space SHMUP, Space, SHMUP Plus, Prospector Solitaire, Bartok, Word Game, Dungeon Delver."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Introduction  to  Game  Design,  Prototyping,  and  Development”,  Jeremy  Gibson  Bond,",
      "Addison Wesley, 2",
      "Edition.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“The Rapid Prototyping Game”, Matthew Smith, Andrew Peterson, CRC Press, 1st Edition,",
      "CRC Press, 2021.",
      "“Game  design  workshop:  Designing,  prototyping,  &  play  testing  games”,  Fullerton,  Tracy,",
      "Chris Swain, and Steven Hoffman.. CRC Press, 2004.",
      "“Fundamentals of Game Design”,  Ernest Adams, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2014.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 1 2 3 2 2 1   3 2  2",
      "CO2 1 2 3 2 2 1    2  2",
      "CO3   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO4   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO5   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low",
      "Page 9 of 13"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Deep Learning for Games": {
    "code": "CSL 480",
    "title": "Deep Learning for Games",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "Apply the power of deep learning to complex reasoning tasks by building a Game AI",
      "Exploit the most recent developments in machine learning and AI for building smart games",
      "Learn the foundations of neural networks and deep learning.",
      "Use advanced neural network architectures in applications to create music, textures, self-",
      "driving cars and chatbots.",
      "Use several advanced forms of learning in various scenarios from developing agents to",
      "testing games."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: The history and evolution of deep learning in games",
        "content": "Overview of neural networks, Perceptron and multilayer perceptron (MLP), Setting up the development environment (Python, TensorFlow, Keras, Unity ML-Agents), Implementing perceptrons and autoencoders in TensorFlow/Keras, Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Pooling, dropout, and regularization techniques, Building a self-driving CNN for gaming applications, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)Implementing LSTM for time-series data in games (e.g., Rock, Paper, Scissors AI)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Introduction to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)",
        "content": "Understanding the generator-, discriminator model, Implementing a GAN in Keras, Applying GANs in Game Development, Music and Sound Generation in Games, Building a Deep Learning Gaming Chatbot"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Introduction to Reinforcement Learning (RL)",
        "content": "Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), Implementing Q-learning in OpenAI Gym, Deep Q-Learning and RL Experiments, Deep Q-Networks (DQN), Implementing RL for game-playing AI, Advanced Reinforcement Learning Algorithms ( Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), Actor-Critic methods)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Multi-Agent Systems and Transfer Learning",
        "content": "Agents and Environment in Games, Understanding visual and state-based agents, Reward Engineering and Curriculum Learning, Imitation and Transfer Learning, Behavioral cloning and offline training, transferring trained models to new tasks, Multi-Agent Systems and Self-Play"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Building and Deploying AI-Powered Games",
        "content": "Debugging and Testing Games with DRL, Setting up ML-Agents for game debugging, Implementing automated game testing with DRL, Integrating Unity ML-Agents into game development workflows, Integrating AI into Game Development, Future of AI in Gaming."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Hands-On Deep Learning for Games: Leverage the power of neural networks and",
      "reinforcement learning to build intelligent games”, Micheal Lanham, Packt Publishing,",
      "",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Deep Learning in Gaming and Animations: Principles and Applications”, Chaudhary, V.,",
      "Sharma, M., Sharma, P., & Agarwal, D., CRC Press, 2021.",
      "“Deep learning and the game of Go” (Vol. 231, p. 279), Pumperla, M., & Ferguson, K.,",
      "Shelter Island, NY, USA: Manning Publications Company, (2019).",
      "Page 10 of 13",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 1 2 3 2 2 1   3 2  2",
      "CO2 1 2 3 2 2 1    2  2",
      "CO3   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO4   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "CO5   3 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Computer Animation and Simulation": {
    "code": "CSL 481",
    "title": "Computer Animation and Simulation",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "To apply knowledge of computing and mathematics to develop an interactive computer",
      "graphics application",
      "To analyze a computer graphics problem to identify computing requirements for the solution",
      "An ability to design, implement, and evaluate a computer program to meet desired needs",
      "Design animations for the real-life scenarios"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Support code and scene graphs; physics-based animation, particle simulation, spring forces, etc; cloth simulation, rigid body dynamics; collision detection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Forward kinematics; representations of rotations and quaternions; inverse kinematics; key frame animation and blending"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Move graphs and motion graphs; skinning, modeling navigation behaviors; behavioral animation;"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Integration of scripting languages; crowd simulation; rigid body simulation, collision detection"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Graph search, path planning, and motion planning; geometric path planning and shortest paths; level of details, terrains."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Computer Animation: Algorithms and Techniques”, Rick Parent, 3rd edition, Morgan",
      "Kaufmann, 2012.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "Page 11 of 13",
      "“OpenGL Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL”, Versions 3.0 and",
      "1, Dave Shreiner, Seventh edition, Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional, ISBN:",
      "9780321552624",
      "“Computer Graphics: Implementation and Explanation”, Jules Bloomenthal, 2019.",
      "“Digital Modeling”, William Vaughan, 2012.",
      "“Learning Modern 3D Graphics Programming”, Jason L. McKesson, 2012.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2 3  2 1   3   2",
      "CO2 2 2 3  2 1 2  2 2  2",
      "CO3   3 3 3 1 2 1 3 2 2 2",
      "CO4   3 3 3 1 2 1 3 2 2 2",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Cartography & Visualization": {
    "code": "CSL 482",
    "title": "Cartography & Visualization",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand  the  history  of  mapmaking  and  cartographic  design,  and  how  this  history",
      "influences contemporary design decision making",
      "Understand  the  principles  of  exemplary  cartographic  design,  including  projections,",
      "symbology, scale, fonts/typography, etc",
      "Design  and  develop  cartographic  and  other  kinds  of  visualizations  for  a  multimedia,",
      "internet-enabled world",
      "Apply ones understanding of cartographic design principles to evaluating maps.",
      "Create finished maps according to industry-standard design principles"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Planning maps, Designing for map purpose, Planning a layout, Map projections in design. Basemap basics: Landforms, Land use, Vector base, Customizing base to purpose Mapping through scale"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Elements of Map Design, Explaining maps - Map legends, Wise wording, Refining marginal elements. Publishing and sharing maps: Designing for map media, Choosing export options, Map images on the web, Copyright in cartography"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Type basics, Fonts, Label size, Type effects. Labeling maps: Map text, Labels as symbols, Label placement"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Color basics, Perceptual dimensions, Perceptual color systems, How to mix color. Color on maps: Color schemes for maps, Bivariate color schemes, Adjusting color selections"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Customizing symbols, Point symbols, Line and area symbols, Eight visual variables, Multivariate map symbols, CASE studies."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Designing better Maps: A Guide for GIS users”, Brewer, Cynthia, 2nd Ed., Redlands, CA:",
      "Esri Press, 2016.",
      "“Map Use: Reading, Analysis, Interpretation”, Kimerling, A., Buckley, A., Muehrcke, P. and",
      "Muehrcke, J.,  8th Edition. Redlands, CA:Esri Press, 2016.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Fundamentals of Cartography”, Misra, R.P, Ramesh, A.,  Concept Publishing Company,",
      "",
      "“How to Lie with Maps, Monmonier”, M., 3rd Edition, University of Chicago Press, 2018",
      "“The history of cartography”. Vol. 1., Harley, John Brian, David Woodward, and G.",
      "Malcolm Lewis, eds.,  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.",
      "“Further Developments in the Theory and Practice of Cybercartography: International",
      "Dimensions and Language Mapping”, Taylor, D.R., Anonby, E., and Murasugi, K.,",
      "eds.,  Elsevier, 2019.",
      "Journal Article:",
      "“Considerations in design of transition behaviors for dynamic thematic maps.”, S.E.,",
      "Goldsberry, K.P. 2010. Cartographic Perspectives 65: 16-32.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1  2 3      3   2",
      "CO2  2 3         2",
      "CO3   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 2",
      "CO4   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 2",
      "CO5   3 3 3  1 1 3 2 2 2",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Artificial Intelligence for Games": {
    "code": "CSL 483",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence for Games",
    "branch": "CSH",
    "credits": 2,
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the fundamental concepts of AI in games.",
      "Apply movement algorithms for game characters.",
      "Design decision-making architectures for game AI.",
      "Develop AI for tactical and strategic planning in games.",
      "Design AI strategies for different game genres."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to AI in Games",
        "content": "Definition and Scope of AI in Games, Differences between, Academic AI and Game AI, Models of Game AI (Movement, Decision Making, Strategy, Infrastructure), Agent-Based AI, Algorithms, Data Structures, and Representations in Game AI, AI Engine and Toolchains"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Game AI Techniques",
        "content": "Movement Algorithms (Kinematic and Steering Behaviors, Path, Following, Collision Avoidance, Coordinated Movement), Pathfinding: Graph Representation, Dijkstra’s Algorithm, A* Algorithm, World Representations: Tile Graphs, Navigation Meshes, Hierarchical Pathfinding and Dynamic Pathfinding"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Decision-Making in Games",
        "content": "Decision Trees and State Machines, Behavior Trees and, Fuzzy Logic, Markov Systems and Goal-Oriented Behavior, Rule-Based Systems and Blackboard Architectures, Action Execution and AI Scripting"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Tactical and Strategic AI",
        "content": "Tactical Pathfinding and Influence Maps, Coordinated Action, and Multi-Tier AI, Learning in AI: Reinforcement Learning, Neural Networks, AI for Board Games: Minimax Algorithm, Alpha-Beta Pruning,"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: AI Implementation and Game Design",
        "content": "AI Execution Management: Scheduling, Anytime, Algorithms, AI World Interfacing: Event Managers, Sense Management, AI Tools and Content Creation: Pathfinding, Decision Making, Designing Game AI: AI for Shooters, Driving Games, Real- Time Strategy, and Sports, AI-Based Game Genres: Teaching Characters, Flocking and Herding"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Artificial Intelligence for Games Author, Ian Millington, John Funge (Author), 2nd edition,",
      "Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2009.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“AI for Games”, Ian Millington, Third Edition, 3rd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers /",
      "CRC Press, 2019.",
      "“Artificial Intelligence in Games”, Paul Roberts, 1st Edition, CRC Press, 2023.",
      "“Artificial Intelligence and Games” ,  Georgios N. Yannakakis, Julian Togelius, 2nd",
      "edition, Springer, 2025.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "COs/POs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 1 2 3",
      "CO2 1 2 3",
      "3 3 3",
      "3 2 2 2",
      "3 3 3",
      "3 2 2 2",
      "3 3 3",
      "3 2 2 2",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Design Patterns": {
    "code": "CSL 472",
    "title": "Design Patterns",
    "branch": "CSD",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand the role of design patterns in software development and maintaining code",
      "quality.",
      "Analyse the trade-offs of applying a design pattern to a given problem",
      "Implement solutions for object creation, their structure, and interaction between objects.",
      "Develop loosely coupled and scalable software solutions."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Foundations of Software Engineering & Object-Oriented Design",
        "content": "Software Development Lifecycle and Challenges, Need for Design Patterns, SOLID Principles - Single Responsibility, Open-Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, Dependency Inversion, UML Diagrams for Design Patterns - Class, Sequence, Interaction Diagrams, Introduction to Code Refactoring"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Creational Design Patterns",
        "content": "Implementation, Use Cases, and Examples of Factory Method Pattern , Abstract Factory Pattern, Singleton Pattern and Thread Safety Considerations, Prototype Pattern, Stepwise Object Construction using Builder Pattern."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Structural Design Patterns",
        "content": "Ensuring compatibility using Adapter Pattern, Bridge Pattern, Composite Pattern, Dynamic functionality addition using Decorator Pattern, Facade Pattern to simplify Complex Interfaces, Flyweight Pattern, Controlling Object Access by Proxy Pattern"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Behavioural Design Patterns",
        "content": "Chain of Responsibility Pattern, Command Pattern, Interpreter Pattern, Iterator Pattern, Mediator Pattern, Memento Pattern, Observer Pattern, State Pattern, Strategy Pattern, Template Method Pattern , Visitor Pattern"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Applying Design Patterns in Real-World Scenarios",
        "content": "Use of Design Patterns in Large Software Systems, Design Patterns in Modern Frameworks (Spring/Django/React/Angular/.NET, etc.), Anti-patterns & Common Mistakes in Design Pattern Usage, Project: Implementing Multiple Patterns in a Real Application"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software”, Gamma, E., Helm, R.,",
      "Johnson, R., & Vlissides, J. 1",
      "Edition, Addison-Wesley, 1994,.",
      "“Design Patterns Explained: A New Perspective on Object-Oriented Design”, Shalloway,",
      "A., & Trott, J., 2",
      "Edition, Addison-Wesley, 2004.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Head First Design Patterns.” Freeman, E., Freeman, B., Sierra, K., & Bates, B. , 1",
      "Edition, 2004, O’Reilly Media.",
      "“Patterns in Java”, Grand, M. Volume 1, 2",
      "Edition, 2002, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.",
      "CO PO Mapping:",
      "PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 3 2 2 3  2 2 3 3 3 2 3",
      "CO2 3 3 2 3 2 1   3  2 3",
      "CO3 3 3 3 3 3    3 2 3 3",
      "CO4 3 2 3 3 3 2  2 3 3 3 3",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low",
      "Page 3 of 6",
      "Course",
      "Code:"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Web and Network Data Science": {
    "code": "CSL 473",
    "title": "Web and Network Data Science",
    "branch": "CSD",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand the fundamental concepts of web and network data.",
      "Analyse structured and unstructured web data, including social media, text, and hyperlinks.",
      "Learn network science techniques for analysing graph-based data.",
      "Implement data mining, crawling, and extraction techniques for web data.",
      "Develop applications using web data and network analytics."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Web and Network Data Science",
        "content": "Introduction to networks: nodes, edges, and graph representations, Overview of Web and Network Data Science, Web Data vs. Network Data, Sources of Web Data: Social Media, Blogs, E-commerce, Introduction to Graphs and Networks, Applications of Web and Network Analytics."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Web Data Collection and Processing",
        "content": "Web Crawling Techniques, Web Scraping with BeautifulSoup & Scrapy, APIs for Web Data: Twitter, Facebook, Google, and Open Data APIs, Handling Structured and Unstructured Web Data, Text Processing & NLP Basics Tokenization, Stemming, Lemmatization Sentiment Analysis & Topic Modelling."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Social Network Analysis (SNA)",
        "content": "Graph Representation of Networks, Key Network Properties: Degree, Clustering Coefficient, Path Length, Centrality Measures: Degree, Closeness, Betweenness, Eigenvector, Community Detection: Girvan-Newman, Louvain Algorithm, Case Study: Twitter/Facebook/LinkedIn Data Analysis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Network Models & Graph Algorithms",
        "content": "Random Graphs & Small-World Networks, Scale-Free Networks & Power-Law Distributions, PageRank Algorithm & Web Search, Link Prediction & Recommendation Systems, Graph Embedding & Node2Vec, Community detection algorithms (Girvan-Newman, Louvain), Network metrics and analysis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Advanced Web and Network Mining Techniques",
        "content": "Community Detection in Large Graphs, Influence Propagation & Viral Marketing, Fraud Detection using Graph Analytics, Deep Learning for Graph Data: Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), Graph Attention Network (GAT), Ethical Issues in Web and Network Data Science, Web traffic analysis and recommendation systems."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Thomas W. Miller, Web and Network Data Science Modeling Techniques in Predictive Analytics, PearsonFT Press, 2014."
    ],
    "references": [
      "Ryan Mitchell, Web Scraping with Python, 2nd Edition, O'Reilly Media, 2018.",
      "Albert Barabasi, Network Science, 1st edition, Cambridge University Press, 2016."
    ],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Time Series Analysis": {
    "code": "CSL 474",
    "title": "Time Series Analysis",
    "branch": "CSD",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand Time Series Fundamentals",
      "Perform Time Series Preprocessing and Decomposition",
      "Analyze and Model Time Series Data",
      "Implement Advanced Forecasting Methods",
      "Develop Practical Forecasting Solutions"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Time Series",
        "content": "Definition and Applications of Time Series; Components of Time Series: Trend, Seasonality, Cyclicality, and Irregularity; Time Series Data Visualization; Basic Summary Statistics and Moving Averages."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Stationarity and Data Transformations",
        "content": "Definition of Stationarity; The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and KPSS Tests; Differencing and Detrending; Log, Box-Cox, and Power Transformations."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Time Series Decomposition",
        "content": "Classical Decomposition Methods such as EMD, DWT, EEMD, CEEMD etc.; Additive vs. Multiplicative Models; STL (Seasonal-Trend Decomposition using LOESS)."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: ARIMA and SARIMA Models",
        "content": "Autoregressive (AR), Moving Average (MA), and ARMA Models; Partial and Auto-Correlation Functions (PACF & ACF); Model Selection Using Information Criteria (AIC, BIC); ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average); Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA); Model Identification using Grid Search and ACF/PACF; Hands-on Forecasting with Python."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Advanced Forecasting Techniques",
        "content": "Classical and Modern Forecasting Methods; Multivariate Time Series Models: Vector Autoregression (VAR), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM); Exponential Smoothing Methods (Holt-Winters, ETS); Autoregressive Conditional Models: ARCH and GARCH Models for Volatility Modeling; Regression-Based Forecasting Models; Deep Learning Models for Time Series Forecasting: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), GRU Networks , and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs); Transformer-Based Time Series Forecasting; Case Studies in Finance, Economics, and Climate Science."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Time Series Analysis and Its Applications”, Robert H. Shumway & David S. Stoffer, 4",
      "Edition, Springer Publication, 2017.",
      "“Forecasting: Principles and Practice”, Rob J. Hyndman & George Athanasopoulos, 2",
      "Edition, O Text Publication, 2021.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting”, Peter J. Brockwell & Richard A. Davis, 3",
      "Edition, Springer Publication, 2016.",
      "“Hands-On Time Series Analysis with Python”, B V Vishwas , Ashish Patel, First Edition,",
      "A Press, 2020.",
      "“Deep Learning for Time Series Forecasting”, Jason Brownlee, Ebook, Machine Learning",
      "Mastery, 2018.",
      "CO PO Mapping",
      "PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO1",
      "PO12",
      "CO1 3 1  2     1   2",
      "CO2 2 1 2 2 1    1   2",
      "CO3 2 3 3 1 2    1   2",
      "CO4  3 2 1 1 1   1   2",
      "CO5  3  1 1 1  2 1   2",
      "Note:",
      "Page 6 of 6",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Mobile Application Development": {
    "code": "CSL 469",
    "title": "Mobile Application Development",
    "branch": "CSA",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Build native Android apps using programming languages.",
      "Develop iOS applications using latest technologies.",
      "Create cross-platform apps with latest technologies.",
      "Implement backend integration and cloud storage solutions.",
      "Optimize, test, and deploy mobile apps to app stores."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Mobile App Development",
        "content": "Overview of Mobile Platforms (Android vs. iOS), Native vs. Cross-Platform Development, Mobile App Development Lifecycle, Setting Up Development Environments (Android Studio, Xcode, VS Code), Introduction to UI/UX for Mobile Apps"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Android App Development",
        "content": "Android Architecture & Components (Activities, Fragments, Intents), UI Design with XML & Jetpack Compose, Layouts and Views (TextView, Button, EditText, RecyclerView, etc.) Event Handling and Intents (Explicit & Implicit) Resource Management: Strings, Colors, Dimensions, Styles, Themes, Fragments and Navigation, RecyclerView, Navigation Component, ViewModel&LiveData, Data Storage (Room Database, SharedPreferences), Networking (REST API Integration with Retrofit/Volley)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: iOS App Development",
        "content": "Introduction to Swift & SwiftUI, iOS Architecture (MVC, MVVM), User Interface Design with SwiftUI, Core Data & SQLite for Local Storage, Firebase connectivity, Networking in iOS (URLSession, Alamofire)"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Cross-Platform Mobile Development",
        "content": "Introduction to React Native, Setting Up and Building UI Components, Navigation and Routing, Accessing APIs and Local Databases, State Management (Redux, Provider, Riverpod), API Integration and Data Handling, Performance Optimization for Cross-Platform Apps. Introduction to Flutter"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Advanced Topics & Deployment",
        "content": "Firebase for Authentication & Cloud Storage, Push Notifications (FCM & APNs), Firebase for real- time data-driven apps, App Monetization Strategies (Ads, In-App Purchases), App Testing & Debugging (Unit Testing, UI Testing), App Deployment (Google Play Store & Apple App Store)"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "Android Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide, Bill Phillips, Chris Stewart, and Kristin",
      "Marsicano, 5th Edition, Big Nerd Ranch, 2022.",
      "Kotlin for Android Developers, Antonio Leiva, 1st Edition, Leanpub, 2018.",
      "Reference Books:",
      "React Native Cookbook, Dan Ward, 2",
      "Edition, Packt Publishing, 2019.",
      "Flutter for Beginners, Alessandro Biessek, 1",
      "Edition, Packt Publishing, 2019.",
      "iOS  Programming:  The  Big  Nerd  Ranch  Guide,  Christian  Keur  and  Aaron  Hillegass,  8th",
      "Edition, Big Nerd Ranch, 2019.",
      "CO PO Mapping",
      "PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2  1 1 1    1 1 1",
      "CO2 1 1 1 2 3 1    1 1 1",
      "CO3  1 3 1 1 2   1 1 1 1",
      "CO4  1 2 1 2 1   1 1 1 1",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low",
      "Course",
      "Code:"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Cognitive Computing": {
    "code": "CSL 470",
    "title": "Cognitive Computing",
    "branch": "CSA",
    "credits": 3,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand  the  fundamental  concepts  of  cognitive  computing  and  its  relationship  with",
      "artificial intelligence.",
      "Explore key cognitive computing techniques, including natural language processing, machine",
      "learning, and knowledge representation.",
      "Develop and implement cognitive computing models for real-world applications in domains",
      "like healthcare, finance, and smart cities.",
      "Evaluate the performance of cognitive computing systems and compare them with traditional",
      "AI approaches."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1:",
        "content": "Foundations of Cognitive Computing, Introduction to Cognitive Computing, Difference Between AI, Machine Learning, and Cognitive Computing, Characteristics of Cognitive Systems, Gaining Insights from Data, Understanding Cognition (System 1 & System 2 Thinking), Infrastructure of Cognitive Systems, Data Access, Metadata, and Corpus Management, Continuous Learning and Hypothesis Generation, Applications of Cognitive Computing."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2:",
        "content": "Cognitive System Design & Learning, Components of a Cognitive System, Corpus Development & Management, Feature Extraction and Data Preprocessing, Machine Learning for Cognitive Computing: Supervised, Unsupervised, and Reinforcement Learning, Pattern Recognition and Knowledge Representation, Advanced Analytics in Cognitive Systems, Predictive, Text, Image, and Speech Analytics, Business Value of Advanced Analytics."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3:",
        "content": "Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Representation, Role of NLP in Cognitive Systems, Contextual Understanding & Word-Sense Disambiguation, Language Identification, Syntax, and Semantics, Knowledge Representation, Taxonomies and Ontologies in Cognitive Systems, Semantic Web and Graph-Based Knowledge Representation, Big Data & Cognitive Computing, Role of Structured and Unstructured Data, Hadoop, and Streaming Data for Cognitive Systems"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4:",
        "content": "Cognitive Decision Making & Cloud Computing, Cognitive Decision Models, Hypothesis Generation and Scoring, Explainability in Cognitive Systems, Cloud & Distributed Computing for Cognitive AI: Cloud Models (Public, Private, Hybrid), AI Workloads in the Cloud Security and Governance in Cognitive Systems, Ethical Considerations & Bias in Decision-Making, Regulatory Compliance for Cognitive AI."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5:",
        "content": "Applications & Future Trends in Cognitive Computing, Industry Applications, Cognitive Healthcare Systems, Smart Cities and Cognitive IoT, Cognitive Finance and Fraud Detection, Building Cognitive AI Systems, Designing a Chatbot or Cognitive Assistant, Real-World Use Cases of IBM Watson, Future of Cognitive Computing, Neurosynaptic & Quantum Architectures, Next-Gen AI & Cognitive Systems"
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "\"Cognitive  Computing  and  Big  Data  Analytics\", Judith  Hurwitz,  Marcia  Kaufman,  Adrian",
      "Bowles; John Wiley & Sons 2015",
      "Page 4 of 5",
      "Reference Books:",
      "“Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision”, Jerome R. Busemeyer and Peter D. Bruza;",
      "Cambridge University Press 2012",
      "“COGNITIVE SCIENCE An Introduction to the Study of Mind”, Jay Friedenberg and",
      "Gordon Silverman, Sage Publications 2006.",
      "“Big-Data Analytics for Cloud, IoT and Cognitive Computing”,  Kai Hwang and MinChen,",
      "Wiley 2017.",
      "CO-PO Mapping",
      "PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2  1 1 1    1 1 1",
      "CO2 1 1 1 2 3 1    1 1 1",
      "CO3  1 3 1 1 2   2 1 2 1",
      "CO4  1 2 1 2 1   1 1 1 1",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low",
      "Course",
      "Code:"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Foundations of Generative AI": {
    "code": "CSL 471",
    "title": "Foundations of Generative AI",
    "branch": "CSA",
    "credits": 4,
    "outcomes": [
      "On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:",
      "Understand the fundamentals and applications of Generative AI",
      "Implement and optimize GANs for high-quality content generation.",
      "Fine-tune Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation.",
      "Explore diffusion models for image and video synthesis.",
      "Analyze ethical considerations and future trends in Generative AI"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to Generative AI & Advanced Probability Models",
        "content": "Fundamentals of Generative AI and its evolution, Foundations of Generative AI (Principles, Paradigms, and Techniques), Advanced Probability & Statistical Methods for Generative Models, Bayesian Learning and Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs), Information Theory in Generative AI (Entropy, KL Divergence, Mutual Information), Energy-Based Models (EBMs) and Boltzmann Machines"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Deep Learning Architectures for Generative AI",
        "content": "Advanced Neural Network Architectures (ResNets, EfficientNets, Vision Transformers), Autoencoders (AEs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) in Depth, Normalizing Flows for Efficient Sampling, Neural Style Transfer and Deep Dream, TensorFlow/PyTorch Techniques for Large-Scale Generative Models"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) & Variants",
        "content": "Theoretical Foundations of GANs (Minimax Game Theory), Advanced GAN Architectures (BigGAN, StyleGAN, CycleGAN, StarGAN), Conditional GANs (cGANs) for Controlled Data Generation, Self- Supervised Learning in GANs, GAN Inversion and Interpretability Techniques"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Large Language Models (LLMs) & Advanced Text Generation",
        "content": "Self-Attention and Transformer-based Architectures (GPT, BERT, T5), Pre-training vs. Fine-tuning Strategies for LLMs, Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) in Text Generation, Prompt Engineering and Prompt-Tuning Techniques, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and Memory-Augmented LLMs"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Diffusion Models",
        "content": "Multi-Modal AI & Future Trends, Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM), Score-Based Generative Models & Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs), Text-to-Image Models (DALL·E, Stable Diffusion, Imagen), Multi-Modal AI (CLIP, Flamingo, Gemini), Generative AI for 3D and Video Synthesis (NeRF, DreamFusion), Agent AI (Autonomous AI Agents, AutoGPT, BabyAGI), Ethical AI, Explainability, and Future Directions."
      }
    ],
    "textbooks": [
      "“Applied  Generative  AI  for  Beginners”, Akshay  Kulkarni,Adarsha  Shivananda,  Anoosh",
      "Kulkarni, Dilip Gudivada , Apress Publishing, 2023.",
      "“Foundations  of  Large  Language  Models”, Tong  Xiao  and  Jingbo  Zhu,NLP;  NLP  Lab,",
      "Northeastern University & NiuTrans Research 2025",
      "Reference Book:",
      "\"Build a Large Language Model (From Scratch)\" – Sebastian Raschka, Manning Publications",
      "2025",
      "CO PO Mapping",
      "PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12",
      "CO1 2 2  1 1 1    1 1 1",
      "CO2 1 1 1 2 3 1    1 1 1",
      "CO3  1 3 1 1 2   1 1 1 1",
      "CO4  1 2 1 2 1   1 1 1 1",
      "Note:",
      "3: High",
      "2: Medium",
      "1: Low"
    ],
    "references": [],
    "isElective": true
  },
  "Technical Communication": {
    "code": "HUL 301",
    "title": "Technical Communication",
    "outcomes": [
      "Define technology, innovation and related components.",
      "Describe the interrelationship between technology development and society.",
      "Recognize the role of innovation and technology development in shaping society.",
      "Illustrate the integration of IPR, Innovation and society.",
      "Demonstrate the role of socio-cultural system in shaping innovation."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Technology",
        "content": "Defining Technology, Technological Determinism vs. Social, Construction of Technology (SCOT), Actor-Network Theory, and Concept of Techno- science, Techno-capitalism, and Appropriate Technology."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Innovation",
        "content": "Concept of Innovation, Types of Innovation: Product, Process, Marketing, Design, Inclusive Innovation, Innovation and Bottom of the Pyramid, Indian style of Innovation: Jugad, Indicators of Innovation, Diffusion of Innovation, National Innovation System."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Technology and Innovation shaping Society",
        "content": "Case Studies exploring social, ethical questions arising from innovations in areas of AI, Information and Communication Technology, and Computer, Automation and work culture will be used to explore how technology development shapes social relationships."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Society influencing development of new technology",
        "content": "it is not always that, technology shapes the social relations, but social configurations are also reshaped by new technology and innovations. Here the focus is on how technology development facilitated by socio-cultural obligations, values, infrastructure, and human lifestyle. How culture facilitates innovation?"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Case studies will be discussed like traditional knowledge and IPR",
        "content": "a global issue, of turmeric and neem patents, a webcam, mobile marketing, digital technology, social media and privacy, etc."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Technology, Innovation and Society": {
    "code": "HUL 302",
    "title": "Technology, Innovation and Society",
    "outcomes": [
      "Define technology, innovation and related components.",
      "Describe the interrelationship between technology development and society.",
      "Recognize the role of innovation and technology development in shaping society.",
      "Illustrate the integration of IPR, Innovation and society.",
      "Demonstrate the role of socio-cultural system in shaping innovation."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Technology",
        "content": "Defining Technology, Technological Determinism vs. Social, Construction of Technology (SCOT), Actor-Network Theory, and Concept of Techno- science, Techno-capitalism, and Appropriate Technology."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Innovation",
        "content": "Concept of Innovation, Types of Innovation: Product, Process, Marketing, Design, Inclusive Innovation, Innovation and Bottom of the Pyramid, Indian style of Innovation: Jugad, Indicators of Innovation, Diffusion of Innovation, National Innovation System."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Technology and Innovation shaping Society",
        "content": "Case Studies exploring social, ethical questions arising from innovations in areas of AI, Information and Communication Technology, and Computer, Automation and work culture will be used to explore how technology development shapes social relationships."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Society influencing development of new technology",
        "content": "it is not always that, technology shapes the social relations, but social configurations are also reshaped by new technology and innovations. Here the focus is on how technology development facilitated by socio-cultural obligations, values, infrastructure, and human lifestyle. How culture facilitates innovation?"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Case studies will be discussed like traditional knowledge and IPR",
        "content": "a global issue, of turmeric and neem patents, a webcam, mobile marketing, digital technology, social media and privacy, etc."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Democratic state",
        "content": "Concept of policy, its meaning and definition, Policy Framework, Nature of Policy Document, Stages in policy development, Types of policies: Inclusive and Exclusive policies."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Governance",
        "content": "Meaning, definition, Types of governance, Characteristic features of, governance, Major Governance initiatives of GoI, Public Admi"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Policy, Governance and Development": {
    "code": "HUL 303",
    "title": "Policy, Governance and Development",
    "outcomes": [
      "Recognize the role of policy, and governance in the development",
      "Explain concepts of policy, governance, administration and development",
      "Define role of policy and administration in business development.",
      "Explain role of technology in governance and development in India."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Democratic state",
        "content": "Concept of policy, its meaning and definition, Policy Framework, Nature of Policy Document, Stages in policy development, Types of policies: Inclusive and Exclusive policies."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Governance",
        "content": "Meaning, definition, Types of governance, Characteristic features of, governance, Major Governance initiatives of GoI, Public Administration and Governance, Role of people, civil societies, NGOs, technologies in good governance."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Development",
        "content": "Meaning and definition, Types of Development: Social, economic, and human development, Approaches to development: top-down approach and bottom-up approach, Planning and development, Indian experiments with development, social dimension of economic development, Role of state, market, and civil societies in development. Role of technology in development."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4",
        "content": "Policy, Governance, and development relationship, technology and democracy, electronic governance, electronic voting, electronic databases (UID), web portals, community radio, surveillance, etc."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Basic concepts to understand Professional Ethics",
        "content": "Society, Social organization, and Disorganization, Tradition and Modernization, Power and Social Justice, Values, Morality, Ethics, Human actions, Approaches to ethics."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Types of Ethics",
        "content": "General ethics, Professional ethics, Legal ethics, Environmental, ethics, Duty ethics and Right ethics, Corporate/Business ethics, Professional ethics in engineering profession, Code of Ethics in Engineering profession, Ethical Competency."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Professional Responsibility and Ethical Dilemmas",
        "content": "Professional Responsibility, Social Responsibility, Corporate Social Responsibility, Ethical dilemmas, Resolving the ethical dilemmas, The conflict of interests, Whistle- blowing, ethical relativism, safety at work-place"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Engineering Economics": {
    "code": "HUL 305",
    "title": "Engineering Economics",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze the scope of economics in engineering decision making",
      "Get an idea on the nature of markets",
      "Equip themselves to make decisions regarding money as capital",
      "Acquaint themselves with depreciation methods and evaluation of public alternatives",
      "Understand",
      "Private partnership"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1",
        "content": "Introduction to Leadership - Basics to understand the role of leadership, its, meaning, concept and importance, Qualities of leadership, Characteristics of leadership, Leadership styles, Leadership Theories."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Great man and the sphere of personality - Background",
        "content": "Characteristics of, personality sphere, The role of mass media and social media, States and systems with personality cult, Charismatic leadership, Issues of context, contingency, transaction and transformation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": "Groups, social identity and leadership - Leadership as a group process, Borders, and barriers between groups and identities, Identity complexity and identity threat, Leadership and social fragmentation, Proto typi"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "The Role of Leadership and Social Change": {
    "code": "HUL 306",
    "title": "The Role of Leadership and Social Change",
    "outcomes": [
      "Develop an understanding of the concepts of leadership and other aspects of leadership.",
      "Elaborate the sphere of personality and study the issues of context, contingency,",
      "Interpret the role of Leadership as a group process and perceive the importance of",
      "Discuss the role and importance of values and ethics in leadership development.",
      "Illustrate the relationship between leadership and social change."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1",
        "content": "Introduction to Leadership - Basics to understand the role of leadership, its, meaning, concept and importance, Qualities of leadership, Characteristics of leadership, Leadership styles, Leadership Theories."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Great man and the sphere of personality - Background",
        "content": "Characteristics of, personality sphere, The role of mass media and social media, States and systems with personality cult, Charismatic leadership, Issues of context, contingency, transaction and transformation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3",
        "content": "Groups, social identity and leadership - Leadership as a group process, Borders, and barriers between groups and identities, Identity complexity and identity threat, Leadership and social fragmentation, Proto typicality and leadership effectiveness, Gender and Leadership."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Ethical leadership – Meaning and concept of ethical leadership",
        "content": "Role and, importance of ethics in leadership, Traits of ethical leadership, A look at Followership, Leaders as entrepreneurs of identity and emotion, Case studies and examples of ethical leadership."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Leadership and Social Change – Meaning and concept of social change, Dynamics of social change, Role of leadership in social change, The social change model of leadership, Understanding leadership as identity management, Leadership and transformation of social reality."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Digital Wellness": {
    "code": "HUL 307",
    "title": "Digital Wellness",
    "outcomes": [
      "Understand the basics of Digital Wellness",
      "Describe the various attention enhancers and disruptors",
      "Identify the various means of harnessing the power of brain and mind",
      "Apply and experience various digital detox techniques",
      "Practice good sleep hygiene, exercise routine and improve mental health",
      "Become a responsible digital gadget user"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "UNIT -: 1 (Basics of Digital Wellness",
        "content": "Digital Devices - What is Wellness - What is Digital Wellness - Digital Calories - Basics of Brain - Difference between Traditional Entertainment and Digital Entertainment - Difference between Relaxation and Stimulation - Importance of Relaxation - What is Attention - Benefits of Attention - Attention Disruptors - Cost of Distraction - Power of Attention - Attention Economy – Attention from Yoga perspective"
      },
      {
        "title": "UNIT -: 2 (Impact on Brain",
        "content": "Neuroplasticity - Harnessing the Power of Neuroplasticity - Brain’s Switching Penalty - Multitasking - Neuro-associative-conditioning - Pleasure Circuit - Pain Circuit - Thinking Brain - Emotional Brain - Science of Learning and Memory - Digital Reading vs Print Reading - Digital Mindset - Learning using Audio and Video - Biliteracy Model - Creativity - Design Thinking - Improving Brain Health and Benefits of Brain’s Downtime"
      },
      {
        "title": "UNIT -: 3 (Impact on Mind",
        "content": "What is Social Media - Impact of Social Media - What is Overthinking - Techniques to overcome Overthinking - Various Mental Health issues (anxiety, depression, comparison, low self-esteem, etc) - Virtual Relationships - Impact of Loneliness - Dangers of Social Media - Positive Self Talk - Science of Sleep - Impact of Digital Devices on Sleep - Negative impact of Lack of Sleep"
      },
      {
        "title": "UNIT -: 4 (Science of Addiction",
        "content": "What is Addiction - Stages of Addiction - Neuroscience behind Addiction - Impact of Internet on Brain - Various Digital Addictions (Games, Shopping Online, Binge Watching, Social Media, Porn, etc) - Overcoming Addictions."
      },
      {
        "title": "UNIT -: 5 (Digital Detox Techniques",
        "content": "Digital Hygiene - Tools for Self-Reflection - Impact of Exercise on Physical and Mental health - Digital Wellness Plan Documentaries Social Dilemma (by Netflix), Negative Impact of Internet (by PBS), Brain Fitness – I, II (by PBS), Brain that Changes itself VI."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Organizational Behaviour": {
    "code": "HUL 308",
    "title": "Organizational Behaviour",
    "outcomes": [
      "Outline the basics of organizational behaviour and its implications on organization.",
      "Identify the work related attitudes and significance of individual differences related to",
      "Evaluate the human interactions in an organization, find what is driving it and",
      "Demonstrate the dynamics of Leadership, its role in conflict resolution and developing",
      "Discuss the organizational ethos and culture and its impact on productivity and well-"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Introduction to organizational behaviour",
        "content": "Historical development of the field and, some challenges in contemporary times, Learning and perceptual processes in organizations and their implications for work-life."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Work related attitudes- Job Satisfaction",
        "content": "Organizational Commitment, Organizational Justice, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Individual differences related to Personality, Emotions, Abilities and Functioning in organization."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Foundations of Group Behavior",
        "content": "Group processes in organizations, Formation of, groups and teams, Effective team communication in organizations, Conflict and Negotiation."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Social influence processes in organizations",
        "content": "Influencing people, Power Dynamics, and Politics and Impact on organizational functioning, Theories and styles of leadership in organization and their impact on organizational functioning"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Organizational ethos and culture and their impact on productivity and well- being, Various kinds of organizational structures and their effectiveness, Managing organizations in times of change, Organizational stress, Managing the organizational stress in Post-COVID scenario, Managing the work-life balance, success and failure in organizational setup."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Elements of Indic Knowledge System": {
    "code": "HUL 309",
    "title": "Elements of Indic Knowledge System",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze the core tenets of Bharatiya philosophical thoughts.",
      "Evaluate the ancient Bharatiya literature and its philosophical and cultural",
      "Examine architectural and scientific achievements in ancient India.",
      "Assess the contributions of ancient Bharatiya scholars to science and mathematics.",
      "Bridge ancient Bharatiya knowledge with modern scientific disciplines."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Ancient Bharatiya Philosophies",
        "content": " Astika School, Samkhya, Vaishesika, Nyaya, Yoga, Purva Mimansa and Uttara Mimansa.  Nastika School: Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivika, Charvaka, Ajnana  Common Themes in Bharatiya Philosophy: Concept of Dharma, Purushartha etc.  Influence of Bharatiya Philosophies on the World"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Ancient Bharatiya Literature",
        "content": " Vedas, Upnishadas, Puranas, Smrutis, Dharmashstra, Samhita  Ancient Epics such as Ramayana and Mahabharata and their various versions, Bhagawad Geeta  Patanjali’s Yog Sutra, Panini’s Ashtadhyayi, Kautilya’s Arthshastra, Kalidasa."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Ancient Bharatiya Architecture",
        "content": " Town Planning, Indus valley Civilization  Gupta Architecture, Jain Architecture, Buddhist Architecture, Rock-Cut Architecture  Temple Architecture: Nagara Style, Vesara Style, Dravidian Style,  Architectural Sciences – Vastu Shastra & Shilpa Shastra  Technological and Scientific Advancements in Indian Architecture"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Bharatiya Vigyan Parampara",
        "content": " Astronomy, Aryabhatta, Bhaskaracharya I, Varahmihira, Kapila, Bharadwaja, Lagadha  Quantum Physics: Kanad  Mathematics: Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya II, Pingala, Baudhayana  Chemistry: Maharshi Nagarjuna  Medicine: Sushrut, Charak, Dhanvantari,"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Indic Knowledge and Modern Science",
        "content": " Ayurveda and Modern Medicine  Yoga, Neuroscience, and Mental Health  Mathematics and Computational Sciences  Ancient Indian Astronomy and Space Science  Environmental Science and Sustainable Living"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Applied Linear Algebra": {
    "code": "MAL 302",
    "title": "Applied Linear Algebra",
    "outcomes": [
      "Solve scientific problems by applying matrix theory.",
      "Use the linear transformations in the computer graphics.",
      "Apply the concepts of inner product spaces for obtaining least square solution.",
      "Solve engineering problems into optimization framework and solve them using efficient",
      "Apply basic importance of linear algebra and its applications in engineering."
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Vector spaces",
        "content": "subspaces, linear dependence/independence, basis and dimension. Matrix norms and condition number."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Linear transformation",
        "content": "range space and rank, null space and nullity, rank nullity, theorem, matrix representation of a linear transformation, change of basis, applications of linear transformations in computer graphics: translation, rotation, reflection, shear, scaling. Four fundamental subspaces (i.e. the column space, the null space, the row space and the left null space)."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Inner product spaces and applications",
        "content": "norm, dot products and inner products, orthonormal sets, Gram Schmidt orthogonalisation process, orthogonal projections and least squares. Bessel’s inequality, Parseval’s identity, and Cauchy Schwartz Inequality. Optimization:"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4",
        "content": "Classification and general theory of optimization; Linear programming (LP):, formulation and geometric ideas, Simplex algorithm (Big M and Two phase method), duality and primal dual method, sensitivity analysis."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Some Practical Applications of linear algebra and optimization in engineering, for instance Image Processing, Machine learning, etc."
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Optimization Techniques": {
    "code": "MAL 303",
    "title": "Optimization Techniques",
    "outcomes": [
      "Analyze and solve linear programming problems by different methods.",
      "Solve dual and dual simplex problems.",
      "Use various techniques to solve different transportation and assignment problems.",
      "Apply the concept of game theory in diverse fields.",
      "Solve sequencing problems arising in management and industry with its vast computer"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Linear Programming Problem",
        "content": "Formulation of the Linear Programming Problem (LPP), Graphical methods for solving LPP, Initial basic feasible solution, Simplex method, Artificial variable technique for initial basic feasible solution, Big M method, two phase method"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2",
        "content": "Duality, Duality in LPP, Primal Dual method, Dual simplex method, Sensitivity, or post optimality analysis"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: Transportation and Assignment Problems",
        "content": "Transportation, North-west corner method, Matrix minima method, Vogel’s approximation method, UV method for optimization. Travelling salesman problem. Assignment Problem: Introduction, Hungarian method"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 4: Game Theory",
        "content": "Two-person zero sum games, Maximin-Minimax principle, Graphic solution of 2 n  and 2 m games, Dominance property"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5: Sequencing Problem",
        "content": "Sequencing Problem, sequencing problem, Jonhson’s algorithm for processing N-jobs through two machines, N-jobs through three machines"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  },
  "Mathematics for Engineering Research": {
    "code": "MAL 501",
    "title": "Mathematics for Engineering Research",
    "outcomes": [
      "Demonstrate the ability to solve scientific problems by applying matrix theory.",
      "Apply the concepts of inner product spaces for obtaining least square solution.",
      "Describe basic probability axioms and rules as well as be familiar with common",
      "Interpret elementary mathematical model using probability distribution theory",
      "Describe engineering problems into optimization framework and solve them"
    ],
    "modules": [
      {
        "title": "Module 1: Linear vector spaces",
        "content": "subspaces, linear dependence/independence, bases and, dimensions, range space and rank, null space and nullity, Rank nullity theorem. Linear transformations, matrix representation of a linear transformation, applications of linear transformations in computer graphics. Eigenvalue problems. Matrix norms and condition number."
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 2: Inner product spaces",
        "content": "norm, orthonormal sets, Gram Schmidt orthogonalisation, process. Numerical Techniques: Differentiation, integration, root finding, solving linear system of equations (iterative methods). Examples. Probability Theory:"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 3: & 4:Random variables",
        "content": "discrete and continuous random variables, probability, density function; probability distribution function for discrete and continuous random variable, joint distributions. Definition of mathematical expectation, functions of random variables, the variance and standard deviation, moment generating function, other measures of central tendency. Some special probability distributions like Binomial, Geometric, Poisson and Normal distribution. Correlation and regression. Optimization:"
      },
      {
        "title": "Module 5",
        "content": "Classification and general theory of optimization; Linear programming (LP):, formulation and geometric ideas, Simplex algorithm (Big M and Two phase method), duality and primal dual method, sensitivity analysis. Some practical Applications"
      }
    ],
    "credits": 3
  }
}